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By A.L Randa Rasool
4th stage
Lab 10
‫ترجمة‬
:
‫خالد‬ ‫وليد‬ ‫بكر‬
&
‫خالد‬ ‫وليد‬ ‫رنا‬
Coomb’s Test
• Antiglobulin testing, also known as the Coombs test, is an
immunohematology laboratory procedure used to detect the
presence of antibodies against circulating red blood cells in the
body, which then induce hemolysis.
‫اختبار‬
‫مضادات‬
‫الغلوبولين‬
،
‫المعروف‬
‫ا‬ً‫ض‬‫أي‬
‫باسم‬
‫اختبار‬
‫كومبس‬
،
‫هو‬
‫إجراء‬
‫مختبري‬
‫للدم‬
‫المناعي‬
‫يستخدم‬
‫للكشف‬
‫عن‬
‫وجود‬
‫أجسام‬
‫مضادة‬
‫ضد‬
‫خاليا‬
‫الدم‬
‫الحمراء‬
‫المنتشرة‬
‫في‬
‫الجسم‬
،
‫والتي‬
‫تؤدي‬
‫بعد‬
‫ذلك‬
‫إلى‬
‫انحالل‬
‫الدم‬
.
• This test may be used to screen your blood before a procedure,
such as a blood transfusion or it may be used to find out if you
have certain conditions, such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
‫يمكن‬
‫استخدام‬
‫هذا‬
‫االختبار‬
‫لفحص‬
‫الدم‬
‫قبل‬
‫إجراء‬
‫ما‬
،
‫مثل‬
‫نقل‬
‫الدم‬
‫أو‬
‫يمكن‬
‫استخدامه‬
‫لمعرفة‬
‫ما‬
‫إذا‬
‫كان‬
‫لديك‬
‫حاالت‬
‫معينة‬
،
‫مثل‬
‫فقر‬
‫الدم‬
‫االنحاللي‬
‫بالمناعة‬
‫الذاتية‬
.
Types of Coombs
Test
Direct antiglobulin testing (DAT)
‫مضاد‬ ‫اختبار‬
‫الجلوبيولين‬
‫المباشر‬
Indirect antiglobulin testing (IAT).
‫مضاد‬ ‫اختبار‬
‫الجلوبيولين‬
‫غير‬
‫المباشر‬
Principle of Coomb’s Test
• Red cells coated with complement or IgG antibodies do not
agglutinate directly when centrifuged. These cells are said to
be sensitized with IgG or complement.
‫ال‬
‫تتراكم‬
‫الخاليا‬
‫الحمراء‬
‫المغلفة‬
‫بأجسام‬
‫مضادة‬
‫مكملة‬
‫أو‬
IgG
‫مباشرة‬
‫عند‬
‫الطرد‬
‫المركزي‬
.
‫يقال‬
‫إن‬
‫هذه‬
‫الخاليا‬
‫حساسة‬
‫بـ‬
IgG
‫أو‬
‫مكمل‬
.
• In order for agglutination to occur an additional antibody,
which reacts with the Fc portion of the IgG antibody, or with
the C3d component of complement, must be added to the
system.
‫من‬
‫أجل‬
‫حدوث‬
‫التراص‬
،
‫يجب‬
‫إضافة‬
‫جسم‬
‫مضاد‬
‫إضافي‬
،
‫والذي‬
‫يتفاعل‬
‫مع‬
‫جزء‬
Fc
‫من‬
‫الجسم‬
‫المضاد‬
IgG
،
‫أو‬
‫مع‬
‫مكون‬
C3d
‫للمكمل‬
،
‫إلى‬
‫النظام‬
.
• Antibodies and complement components are globulins
‫األجسام‬
‫المضادة‬
‫والمكونات‬
‫المكملة‬
‫هي‬
‫الجلوبيولين‬
• Animals injected with human globulin produce Anti-human globulin (AHG).
‫الحيوانات‬
‫المحقونة‬
‫بالجلوبيولين‬
‫البشري‬
‫تنتج‬
‫الجلوبيولين‬
‫المضاد‬
‫لإلنسان‬
AHG
• AHG forms bridges between Antibody coated red blood cells.
AHG
‫يشكل‬
‫جسور‬
‫بين‬
‫خاليا‬
‫الدم‬
‫الحمراء‬
‫المطلية‬
‫بالجسم‬
‫المضاد‬
.
• AHG can be either:
‫يكون‬ ‫أن‬ ‫يمكن‬
AHG
‫إما‬
Polyspecific contains both Anti-IgG and Anti-C3d
‫يحتوي‬
Polyspecific
‫على‬
‫كل‬
‫من‬
Anti-IgG
‫و‬
Anti-C3d
Monospecific contains only one specificity either Anti-IgG or Anti-C3d
‫يحتوي‬
Monospecific
‫على‬
‫خصوصية‬
‫واحدة‬
‫فقط‬
‫إما‬
Anti-IgG
‫أو‬
Anti-C3d
‫تحضير‬
Preparation of AHG
• Coombs reagent is antihuman globulin. ‫كاشف‬
‫كومبس‬
‫هو‬
‫مضاد‬
‫الجلوبيولين‬
‫البشري‬
• Anti-human globulin reagent is produced by immunizing rabbits, goats, or sheep
with human serum.
‫يتم‬
‫إنتاج‬
‫كاشف‬
‫الجلوبيولين‬
‫المضاد‬
‫لإلنسان‬
‫عن‬
‫طريق‬
‫تحصين‬
‫األرانب‬
‫أو‬
‫الماعز‬
‫أو‬
‫األغنام‬
‫بمصل‬
‫الدم‬
‫البشري‬
.
• which produces polyclonal antibodies specific to human immunoglobulins and
human complement system factors.
‫التي‬
‫تنتج‬
‫ا‬ً‫م‬‫أجسا‬
‫مضادة‬
‫متعددة‬
‫النسيلة‬
‫خاصة‬
‫بالجلوبيولينات‬
‫المناعية‬
‫البشرية‬
‫وعوامل‬
‫نظام‬
‫المكمل‬
‫البشري‬
.
• Animals bleed after a specified period and the reagent is purified by absorbing
unwanted antibodies.
‫تنزف‬
‫الحيوانات‬
‫بعد‬
‫فترة‬
‫محددة‬
‫ويتم‬
‫تنقية‬
‫الكاشف‬
‫عن‬
‫طريق‬
‫امتصاص‬
‫األجسام‬
‫المضادة‬
‫غير‬
‫المرغوب‬
‫فيها‬
.
Coombs reagent

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Blood transfusion lab 10 مترجم.pdf

  • 1. By A.L Randa Rasool 4th stage Lab 10 ‫ترجمة‬ : ‫خالد‬ ‫وليد‬ ‫بكر‬ & ‫خالد‬ ‫وليد‬ ‫رنا‬ Coomb’s Test
  • 2.
  • 3. • Antiglobulin testing, also known as the Coombs test, is an immunohematology laboratory procedure used to detect the presence of antibodies against circulating red blood cells in the body, which then induce hemolysis. ‫اختبار‬ ‫مضادات‬ ‫الغلوبولين‬ ، ‫المعروف‬ ‫ا‬ً‫ض‬‫أي‬ ‫باسم‬ ‫اختبار‬ ‫كومبس‬ ، ‫هو‬ ‫إجراء‬ ‫مختبري‬ ‫للدم‬ ‫المناعي‬ ‫يستخدم‬ ‫للكشف‬ ‫عن‬ ‫وجود‬ ‫أجسام‬ ‫مضادة‬ ‫ضد‬ ‫خاليا‬ ‫الدم‬ ‫الحمراء‬ ‫المنتشرة‬ ‫في‬ ‫الجسم‬ ، ‫والتي‬ ‫تؤدي‬ ‫بعد‬ ‫ذلك‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫انحالل‬ ‫الدم‬ . • This test may be used to screen your blood before a procedure, such as a blood transfusion or it may be used to find out if you have certain conditions, such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia. ‫يمكن‬ ‫استخدام‬ ‫هذا‬ ‫االختبار‬ ‫لفحص‬ ‫الدم‬ ‫قبل‬ ‫إجراء‬ ‫ما‬ ، ‫مثل‬ ‫نقل‬ ‫الدم‬ ‫أو‬ ‫يمكن‬ ‫استخدامه‬ ‫لمعرفة‬ ‫ما‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫كان‬ ‫لديك‬ ‫حاالت‬ ‫معينة‬ ، ‫مثل‬ ‫فقر‬ ‫الدم‬ ‫االنحاللي‬ ‫بالمناعة‬ ‫الذاتية‬ .
  • 4. Types of Coombs Test Direct antiglobulin testing (DAT) ‫مضاد‬ ‫اختبار‬ ‫الجلوبيولين‬ ‫المباشر‬ Indirect antiglobulin testing (IAT). ‫مضاد‬ ‫اختبار‬ ‫الجلوبيولين‬ ‫غير‬ ‫المباشر‬
  • 5. Principle of Coomb’s Test • Red cells coated with complement or IgG antibodies do not agglutinate directly when centrifuged. These cells are said to be sensitized with IgG or complement. ‫ال‬ ‫تتراكم‬ ‫الخاليا‬ ‫الحمراء‬ ‫المغلفة‬ ‫بأجسام‬ ‫مضادة‬ ‫مكملة‬ ‫أو‬ IgG ‫مباشرة‬ ‫عند‬ ‫الطرد‬ ‫المركزي‬ . ‫يقال‬ ‫إن‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫الخاليا‬ ‫حساسة‬ ‫بـ‬ IgG ‫أو‬ ‫مكمل‬ . • In order for agglutination to occur an additional antibody, which reacts with the Fc portion of the IgG antibody, or with the C3d component of complement, must be added to the system. ‫من‬ ‫أجل‬ ‫حدوث‬ ‫التراص‬ ، ‫يجب‬ ‫إضافة‬ ‫جسم‬ ‫مضاد‬ ‫إضافي‬ ، ‫والذي‬ ‫يتفاعل‬ ‫مع‬ ‫جزء‬ Fc ‫من‬ ‫الجسم‬ ‫المضاد‬ IgG ، ‫أو‬ ‫مع‬ ‫مكون‬ C3d ‫للمكمل‬ ، ‫إلى‬ ‫النظام‬ .
  • 6. • Antibodies and complement components are globulins ‫األجسام‬ ‫المضادة‬ ‫والمكونات‬ ‫المكملة‬ ‫هي‬ ‫الجلوبيولين‬ • Animals injected with human globulin produce Anti-human globulin (AHG). ‫الحيوانات‬ ‫المحقونة‬ ‫بالجلوبيولين‬ ‫البشري‬ ‫تنتج‬ ‫الجلوبيولين‬ ‫المضاد‬ ‫لإلنسان‬ AHG • AHG forms bridges between Antibody coated red blood cells. AHG ‫يشكل‬ ‫جسور‬ ‫بين‬ ‫خاليا‬ ‫الدم‬ ‫الحمراء‬ ‫المطلية‬ ‫بالجسم‬ ‫المضاد‬ . • AHG can be either: ‫يكون‬ ‫أن‬ ‫يمكن‬ AHG ‫إما‬ Polyspecific contains both Anti-IgG and Anti-C3d ‫يحتوي‬ Polyspecific ‫على‬ ‫كل‬ ‫من‬ Anti-IgG ‫و‬ Anti-C3d Monospecific contains only one specificity either Anti-IgG or Anti-C3d ‫يحتوي‬ Monospecific ‫على‬ ‫خصوصية‬ ‫واحدة‬ ‫فقط‬ ‫إما‬ Anti-IgG ‫أو‬ Anti-C3d
  • 7. ‫تحضير‬ Preparation of AHG • Coombs reagent is antihuman globulin. ‫كاشف‬ ‫كومبس‬ ‫هو‬ ‫مضاد‬ ‫الجلوبيولين‬ ‫البشري‬ • Anti-human globulin reagent is produced by immunizing rabbits, goats, or sheep with human serum. ‫يتم‬ ‫إنتاج‬ ‫كاشف‬ ‫الجلوبيولين‬ ‫المضاد‬ ‫لإلنسان‬ ‫عن‬ ‫طريق‬ ‫تحصين‬ ‫األرانب‬ ‫أو‬ ‫الماعز‬ ‫أو‬ ‫األغنام‬ ‫بمصل‬ ‫الدم‬ ‫البشري‬ . • which produces polyclonal antibodies specific to human immunoglobulins and human complement system factors. ‫التي‬ ‫تنتج‬ ‫ا‬ً‫م‬‫أجسا‬ ‫مضادة‬ ‫متعددة‬ ‫النسيلة‬ ‫خاصة‬ ‫بالجلوبيولينات‬ ‫المناعية‬ ‫البشرية‬ ‫وعوامل‬ ‫نظام‬ ‫المكمل‬ ‫البشري‬ . • Animals bleed after a specified period and the reagent is purified by absorbing unwanted antibodies. ‫تنزف‬ ‫الحيوانات‬ ‫بعد‬ ‫فترة‬ ‫محددة‬ ‫ويتم‬ ‫تنقية‬ ‫الكاشف‬ ‫عن‬ ‫طريق‬ ‫امتصاص‬ ‫األجسام‬ ‫المضادة‬ ‫غير‬ ‫المرغوب‬ ‫فيها‬ .