Np Solution Pedal opareted water pumping System.

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC HIRIYUR PEDAL OPERATED WATER PUMPING SYSTEM
Department of Mechanical Engineering Page 1
SYNOPSIS
PEDAL OPERATED WATER PUMPING SYSTEM
Water plays an important role in the material, social and cultural life of man kind.
The water needs are increasing day by day. This is the result of population growth and increase
in the standard of living which is directly proportional to water consumption. The lifting of water
for drinking or irrigation purposes is of great importance in widely distributed villages with little
or no rural electrification and where underground water is available,
The aim of the project is Pedal operated water pumping system. Radial plunger Pedal
operated rotary water pumping system are rotory pump. Pump is a mechanical device which
converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy. This pump is classified into two types I.
Positive displacement and 2.non Positive displacement pump &n positive displacement pump is
the one, in which the liquid is transferred positively from one stage to another stage by the to
and fro motion of the plunger or piston of the pump. &n non positive displacement pump the
liquid is transferred by the centrifugal force. This force is cause due to the rotary movement of an
vane.
In our project, pedal operated rotary water pump is of positive displacement pump. The
salient features of a pedal operated rotary water pump have been retained in our project model
and this has been achieved with great care.

CONTENTS
Title Name Page No
1. SYNOPSIS 1
2. INTRODUCTION 3
3. CONSTRUCTION DETAILS 4-11
4. INTRODUCTION TO PUMP 12
5. WORKING PRINCIPLE 21
6. APPLICATION 22
7. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES 23
8. FEATURES OF THIS PROJECT 24
9. CONCLUSION 26
10. BIBLIOGRAPHY 27
11. PHOTOGRAPHY 28

INTRODUCTION
This bicycle machine pumps water at 4-8 gallons per minute from wells and boreholes
up to 20 in meters depth, (compared to an electric pump that only pumps up to 12 meters
deep). Provides irrigation and drinking water where electricity is not available.
This project consists of a simple bicycle and a barrel pump. The bicycle is still on
main stand of bicycle. The paddle is driven by any person who is connected pulley excel by
belt drive. The bigger pulley is rotting the smaller pulley which is mounted on the shaft of the
vane pump. The bigger pulley and the smaller pulley are meshed which other and transmit the
power from bigger pulley to smaller pulley. The diameter ratio between bigger pulley and
smaller pulley is 2:1. the pulley rotates the shaft of vane and drive of the casing vane and
suction pipe and deliver pipe. The vane is strike the water and water is reach at a particular
head due to rotating high RPM.
The water come from the suction pipe and enters the vane where vane strike the
water and water is reach at a particular head due to rotating high RPM. The water come from
the suction pipe and enters the vane where vane strikes the water and water goes to the
delivery pipe.

BEARINGS
A bearing is a machine element that constrains relative motion between moving parts
to only the desired motion. The design of the bearing may, for example, provide for free
linear movement of the moving part or for free rotation around a fixed axis; or, it may prevent
a motion by controlling the vectors of normal forces that bear on the moving parts. Bearings
are classified broadly according to the type of operation, the motions allowed, or to the
directions of the loads (forces) applied to the parts.
A journal bearing consists of an approximately cylindrical body around a rotating shaft. This
journal bearing is used either for supporting a radial load, or simply as a guide for smooth
transmission of torque. Most common applications of bearings are the plain circular bearings
type (with a 360 degrees arc). Lubrication usage, on the other hand, range from a simple inlet
hole to axial, circumferential, and helical grooves for efficient lubrication distribution.
The plain bearing applications include reciprocating sliders, rotating or oscillating cylindrical
members sliding in annular sleeves, and rotating or rotationally oscillating disks sliding on
mating disks.

THE ADVANTAGES OF PLAIN BEARINGS ARE AS FOLLOWS
Lower cost
Simple design
Small radial space required
Quiet operation
not so sensitive to dust or grit
less likely to be subjected to fatigue failure
Easy to replace
Shaft
A shaft is a rotating machine element, usually circular in cross section, which is used
to transmit power from one part to another, or from a machine which produces power to a
machine which absorbs power.[1]
The various members such as pulley sand gears are
mounted on it.

Pulley
.
A pulley is a wheel on an axle or shaft that is designed to support movement and change of
direction of a taut cable, supporting shell is referred to as a "block."
A pulley may also be called a sheave or drum and may have a groove or grooves between
two flanges around its circumference. The drive element of a pulley system can be
a rope, cable, belt, or chain that runs over the pulley inside the groove or grooves.
Hero of Alexandria identified the pulley as one of six simple machines used to lift
weights. Pulleys are assembled to form a block and tackle in order to provide mechanical
advantage to apply large forces. Pulleys are also assembled as part of belt and chain drives in
order to transmit power from one rotating shaft to another. Belt and pulley systems

A belt and pulley system is characterized by two or more pulleys in common to a belt. This
allows for mechanical power, torque, and speed to be transmitted across axles. If the pulleys
are of differing diameters, a mechanical advantage is realized.
A belt drive is analogous to that of a chain drive, however a belt sheave may be smooth
(devoid of discrete interlocking members as would be found on a chain sprocket, spur gear,
or timing belt) so that the mechanical advantage is approximately given by the ratio of the
pitch diameter of the sheaves only, not fixed exactly by the ratio of teeth as with gears and
sprockets.
In the case of a drum-style pulley, without a groove or flanges, the pulley often is slightly
convex to keep the flat belt centred. It is sometimes referred to as a crowned pulley. Though
once widely used on factory line shafts, this type of pulley is still found driving the rotating
brush in upright vacuum cleaners, in belt sanders and band saws. Agricultural tractors built
up to the early 1950s generally had a belt pulley for a flat belt (which is what Belt
Pulley magazine was named after). It has been replaced by other mechanisms with more
flexibility in methods of use, such as power take-off and hydraulics.
Just as the diameters of gears (and, correspondingly, their number of teeth) determine a gear
ratio and thus the speed increases or reductions and the mechanical advantage that they can
deliver, the diameters of pulleys determine those same factors. Cone pulleys and step pulleys
(which operate on the same principle, although the names tend to be applied to flat belt
versions and V belt versions, respectively) are a way to provide multiple drive ratios in a belt-
and-pulley system that can be shifted as needed, just as a transmission provides this function
with a gear train that can be shifted. V belt step pulleys are the most common way that drill
presses deliver a range of spindle speeds.
Introduction to power transmission

The rotational motion is the most ideal and the simplest means of transmission of
mechanical power with negligible losses. The rotational motions can be transmitted from one
mechanical element to the other with the help of certain system known as transmission
system or drives. The system is driven by a prime mover or transmits the rotational motion to
the various parts of a machine within itself. The one that drive is called driving system and
the other which is driven called driven system. Usually shofts are employed to transmit the
rotational motion. Power transmission is the movement of energy from its place of generation
to a location where it is applied to perform useful work.
Modes of power transmission
The different modes of power transmission system are
(1) Belt drives
(2) Rope drives
(3) Chain drives
(4)Gear drives
Belt drive
This type of drive is used when the power is to be transmitted from one shaft to other
which is at a distance. Pulleys are mounted on the driver and driven/follower shafts and an
endless belt are fitted tightly over these pulleys. The frictional resistance between these
pulleys and belt is the reason for the power transmission, which depends on the velocity of
belt, tension of the belt and arc of contact of the belt in the smaller pulley. There are flat belt
and V- belt used for the power transmission. Belt drive as shown in fig.
Fig: - Belt drive
Belt construction
"Wrapped" means that the V-Belt core is protected by cover fabric
made of cotton or polyester.
The cover fabric is coated with rubber to reinforce the wear resistance.

 Cover fabric
 Adhesion rubber
 Cord
 Compression rubber
Bicycle

Felt this was a good solution but that creating a pump that worked with a bicycle
might be even better for a number of reasons. Most people have a bicycle available to them
and there are many used bicycles available for little or no cost. Bicycles and riding a bicycle
are also more familiar to most people than a treadle pump. The bicycle could be used as a
method of transport when not being used to pump water. Much like the treadle pump, using
the bicycle to pump water would also be a form of exercise - a side benefit of this project.

BICYCLE PEDAL
A bicycle pedal is the part of a bicycle that the rider pushes with their foot to propel the
bicycle. It provides the connection between the cyclist's foot or shoe and the crank allowing
the leg to turn the bottom bracket spindle and propel the bicycle's wheels. Pedals usually
consist of a spindle that threads into the end of the crank and a body, on which the foot rests
or is attached, that is free to rotate on bearings with respect to the spindle.
Pedals were initially attached to cranks connecting directly to the driven (usually front)
wheel. The safety bicycle, as it is known today, came into being when the pedals were

attached to a crank driving a sprocket that transmitted power to the driven wheel by means of
a roller chain.
INTRODUCTION TO PUMP
Pump is a mechanical device which converts mechanical energy in to hydraulic energy,
TYPES OF PUMP
VANE PUMP
The vane pump’s moving parts consist of a slotted rotor into which rectangular vanes are
inserted, one vane for each of the slots . Clearances between the vanes and slots are such that

a compromise is made between having the vanes freely sliding within the slots and forming a
fairly high impedance (low internal leakage) path between the high- and low-pressure sides.
The pump design in above Figure has 2 vanes, but any even or odd number of vanes can be
used.
the vanes inserted into the rotor and the rotor assembly inserted into its cam ring. The sliding
fit between the rotor slots and the vanes ensures that the vanes can move outward from
centrifugal force to make positive contact with the inner periphery of the cam ring. The cam
ring constrains the outward (radial) motion of the vanes while the eccentricity between it and
the rotor’s center of rotation controls the pump’s
Vane Pumps working principle
.
1. A slotted rotor is eccentrically supported in a cylindrical cam. The rotor is located
close to the wall of the cam so a crescent-shaped cavity is formed. The rotor is sealed
into the cam by two side plates. Vanes or blades fit within the slots of the impeller. As the
rotor rotates (yellow arrow) and fluid enters the pump, centrifugal force, hydraulic pressure,
and/or pushrods push the vanes to the walls of the housing. The tight seal among the vanes,
rotor, cam, and side plate is the key to the good suction characteristics common to the vane
pumping principle.
2. The housing and cam force fluid into the pumping chamber through holes in the cam
(small red arrow on the bottom of the pump). Fluid enters the pockets created by the vanes,
rotor, cam, and side plate.
3. As the rotor continues around, the vanes sweep the fluid to the opposite side of the
crescent where it is squeezed through discharge holes of the cam as the vane approaches the
point of the crescent (small red arrow on the side of the pump). Fluid then exits the
discharge port.

DISPLACEMEN

Casing
Pump casings serve to seal off the inside of the pump to atmosphere to prevent leakage and retain pressure.
In the case of vane pumps, they surround the pump rotor which transmits energy to the fluid
handled via the vanes mounted on the rotating shaft.
In the case of positive displacement pumps, they surround the rotary or reciprocating
displacement elements
(e. g. one or more pistons).
The inlet and outlet nozzles serve to direct the fluid handled into and out of the pump and are
often classified (by their function) as inlet or suction nozzle and discharge nozzle. They are
either attached to the piping .
If the pump design requires the drive shaft to pass through the pump casing, shaft seals are
provided to prevent excessive leakage of fluid from or ingress of air into the pump casing.
These portions of the pump casing are designated seal housing or stuffing box housing.
Almost every pump type has a different casing type by which it can be recognized. With
increasing specific speeds, the following casing types are used:

 Volute casing, which is sometimes fitted with a double volute consisting of two volutes
offset by 180° to balance the radial thrust.
 Vortex volute whose volute cross-section is markedly asymmetrical when viewed in the
meridional section.
 Circular (or annular) casing which has a constant cross-section around the periphery.
 Tubular casing which guides the flow of the pump from the diffuser axially downstream.
 Elbow casing pump whose diffuser discharges into an elbow (casing).
ROTOR
The vane pump’s moving parts consist of a slotted rotor into which rectangular vanes
are inserted,. Clearances between the vanes and slots are such that a compromise is
made between having the vanes freely sliding within the slots and forming a fairly
high impedance (low internal leakage) path between the high- and low-pressure sides.
The pump design in 2 vanes, but any even or odd number of vanes can be used.
the vanes inserted into the rotor and the rotor assembly inserted into its cam ring. The
sliding fit between the rotor slots and the vanes ensures that the vanes can move
outward from centrifugal force to make positive contact with the inner periphery of
the cam ring. The cam ring constrains the outward (radial) motion of the vanes while
the eccentricity between it and the rotor’s center of rotation controls the pump’s
displacement.

COVER RING
The cam ring does not rotate; it can only move up and down. The assembly consisting of the
rotating group and the cam ring are now ready to be installed into the pump body, getting a
step closer to a functioning pump.
Pumping action can be visualized with the aid of the body and rotating group, It all takes
place in the volumes bounded by the rotor, the cam ring, and a pair of consecutive vanes.
With the rotor spinning as indicated, look at the pair of vanes near bottom dead center, where
the rotor is almost touching the cam ring. The volume trapped in the chamber between the
vanes is nearly zero.
Washer
This article is about use of washers with screws. For use of washers to seal parts in contact
with liquids, see gaskets.
A rubber washer is a ring made of rubber used in mechanical devices. It is used to prevent
vibration from spreading from one part to another, reducing the noise levels.
Typical uses are mounting computer parts, like fans and hard disk drives. By decoupling the
motor from the computer case it prevents the resonance chamber effect from amplifying the
noise.
Screw thread
A screw thread, often shortened to thread, is a helical structure used to convert between
rotational and linear movement or force. A screw thread is a ridge wrapped around
a cylinder or cone in the form of a helix, with the former being called a straight thread and the
latter called a tapered thread. A screw thread is the essential feature of the screw as a simple
machine and also as a fastener.

The mechanical advantage of a screw thread depends on its lead, which is the linear distance
the screw travels in one revolution. In most applications, the lead of a screw thread is chosen
so that friction is sufficient to prevent linear motion being converted to rotary, that is so the
screw does not slip even when linear force is applied so long as no external rotational force is
present. This characteristic is essential to the vast majority of its uses. The tightening of a
fastener's screw thread is comparable to driving a wedge into a gap until it sticks fast through
friction and slight elastic deformation.
Internal and external threads illustrated using a common nut and bolt. The screw and nut pair
can be used to convert torque into linear force. As the screw (or bolt) is rotated, the screw
moves along its axis through the fixed nut, or the non-rotating nut moves along the lead-
screw.
Screw thread, used to convert torque into the linear force in the flood gate. The operator
rotates the two vertical bevel gears that have threaded holes, thereby raising or lowering the
two long vertical threaded shafts which are not free to rotate (via bevel gear).
Applications
 Fastening:
Connecting threaded pipes and hoses to each other and to caps and fixtures.
 Moving objects linearly by converting rotary motion to linear motion, as in
the leadscrew of a jack.
 Measuring by correlating linear motion to rotary motion (and simultaneously amplifying
it), as in a micrometer.
 Both moving objects linearly and simultaneously measuring the movement, combining
the two aforementioned functions, as in a leadscrew of a lathe.

 It converts rotary motion into linear motion.
 It prevents linear motion without the corresponding rotation.
WORKING PRINCIPLE OF PEDAL OPERATED WATER PUMPING
SYSTEM
This project consists of a simple bicycle and a barrel pump. The bicycle is
still on main stand of bicycle. The paddle is driven by any person who is connected pulley
excel by belt drive. The bigger pulley is rotting the smaller pulley which is mounted on the
shaft of the vane pump. The bigger pulley and the smaller pulley are meshed which other and
transmit the power from bigger pulley to smaller pulley. The diameter ratio between bigger
pulley and smaller pulley is 2:1. The pulley rotates the shaft of vane and drives of the casing
vane and suction pipe and deliver pipe. The vane is strike the water and water is reach at a
particular head due to rotating high RPM.
The water come from the suction pipe and enters the vane where vane strike the
water and water is reach at a particular head due to rotating high RPM. The water come from
the suction pipe and enters the vane where vane strikes the water and water goes to the
delivery pipe.

Applications:-
1. In the remote areas, neither nether electricity nor diesel, are easily
available in such places, pedal operated pump can serve the purpose.
2. For irrigation purpose
3. For domestic purpose.
4. Using for gardens.
5. Home applications.

ADVANTAGES
1. Single person is enough to operate this efficiently to pump the water from the sump.
2. Easy and efficient handling of this unit without wastage of water or damage to unit,
pump and to any other parts.
3. Low maintenance cost and life of equipment also increased.
4. Least maintenance of the equipment.
5. Need not require any individual work place.
6. Can be worked in the work spot.
7. Suited for pumping water for 15 feet to 20 feet depth.
8. It can be Portable.
DISADVANTAGES
 Manual power required to operate.
 The time taken for discharging the water is more when compared to power unit.
 It cannot be used for more than 50 feet depth.
 Should not be used for fluids containing suspended solids.

 Installment cost is high.
 Leakage problem in pump.
FEATURES OF THIS PROJECT
 It is compact in size
 It can be move
 No electrical power consumption
 It can be utilized at our work shop
 It is simple in construction
 Low cost
 Less weight and easy to handle
 It reduces the man power
 It is simple in operation.

SCOPE OF THE PROJECT;
 The outstanding advantage of water discharging system from the ground floor to first
floor or discharging the water from the lorry to the collecting point by simply
pedaling this unit.
 The water is carried by the flexible tube relieves the stress free painstaking water
carrying through the pot while in staircase walking.
 Simple construction and less effort and costless maintenance and anybody can work
this unit.
 Operation is very smooth and in this system we can get more output by applying less
effort.

CONCLUSION
We make this project entirely different from other projects. Since concepts involved
in our project is entirely different that a single unit is used to various purposes, which is not
developed by any of other team members.
By doing this project we gained the knowledge of fabrication work and how the welding is
doing and material selection for particular components etc.
It is concluded that any fabrication work can be done with the help of welding.
We have successfully completed the project work on using welding work at our Institute.
Once again we express our sincere thanks to our staff members.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 www.google.com
 www.wikipedia.com
 www.Pedaloperatedwaterpumping system.com.
 Text book fluid mechanics, by B.A Srinivas.
 Text book MES (Mechanical Engineering science) By R.S
Khurmi.

PHOTOGARPHY

Np Solution Pedal opareted water pumping System.

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