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- 3. א ٢٦٣ אא א א אא - ١٤ - אא W אא W אא W אאאא K אאא W אא W ١٨ אא W א א א א K אא W אאא אא K
- 4. א ٢٦٣ אא א א א א - ١٥ - אא W אא Maintenance of Substations ،א،،אאאא אאאאאאא א K ٢ J ١ W אא W Function of Substations אא אא א W ١ K ،אאאאא אאא א אא K ٢ K אא F Switching devices KE ٣ K אאא א F Protection devices E ٤ K אאא F Voltage regulation KE א אא א א W • א Step-up or step-down transformers • א ، Circuit breakers & relays • א Voltage and current transformers • Bus-Bars • אא Switching equipment & insulators ٢ J ٢ W אא א Types of Substations אא W ١ K אאא Transmission substation K ٢ K אא Distribution substation K
- 5. א ٢٦٣ אא א א א א - ١٦ - • אאא J אא – אאאא،אא אאא אא אא אאא K F ٢ J ١ E א K • אאאא א אאאא א ،אאא،אא אאאאא א א K ٢ J ٣ W אאאא Steps of maintenance for substations אאא א W • אאאא K • אא K • אא K ٢ J ٣ J ١ W אאאא א ، ، ، א א אא א אא ،א אאאאא אאא ،אא אאא א א א K א א א א א אאא א K
- 6. א ٢٦٣ אא א א א א - ١٧ - F ٢ J ١ E – ٢ J ٣ J ٢ W אא אאאא א אאא ، אא א אאא א אאאא،אא אאא K ٢ J ٣ J ٣ W אא אא א אאאאא אאאא،אאא אאא K אאאאא on field tests א W • אא א א א K
- 7. א ٢٦٣ אא א א א א - ١٨ - • א אאאא K • אאאאאא K • אאא K אא א אאאאא W ١ K אא Acceptance tests W אאאא אאאאא א ٨٠ ٪ אא אא K ٢ K אאאא Routine maintenance tests W אאא אאאא،אאאא א ٦٠ ٪ אא،אאא א א אאא K ٢ J ٤ W א W אאא אא א אא אאאא א،אא W – אא W אא אאאאאא א אאאאא، אא אא אאאא K אאאא (Circuit Breaker Blocking) אאא אא K
- 8. א ٢٦٣ אא א א א א - ١٩ - J אאאאא א א אא אאאאאא K א אא א אא K אא K – א אאאאא אאאאא א،אא אאא א א אאאאא K ٢ J ٥ W אאא W אאאא W • אאאא אא א W א، אא، ، ، א K • אאאא אא א א W א א، ، א א K • אא אאא אאא K • א אאאא א אא א K
- 9. א ٢٦٣ אא א א א א - ٢٠ - אאאא א،א אאא K ٢ J ٦ W אא W Maintenance of Electric Power Transformers א W ،א،א،אא אאא،אא א א אא K אא א W • אא W א א א K • אאא W א א אא K ٢ J ٦ J ١ W אא Maintenance of Dry-type Power Transformers ١ – א W אא א אאא א accessibility א ، ventilation א א א ، atmospheric conditions K אאאא אאא K אאאאא א א K אאא א א،א אאא א א ، אא א א א א אא א א ، א א א א א ، F ٢ J ٢ E אאאא K
- 10. א ٢٦٣ אא א א א א - ٢١ - F ٢ J ٢ E – אא K ٢ – א W א אאא א א ، אאאאאאאא אא،אא א אא، ،אאא א אא K אאאא ،א א א אאאאאאא אאא،א (Tr. Case) א K F ٢ J ٣ E אאאא אא K
- 11. א ٢٦٣ אא א א א א - ٢٢ - אאא אא אאא אא F ٢ J ٣ E – אאא K ٣ – אאא W א אאאא א W J א א W אאא אא אא ، א אאא אא אאא K א א א ٢٠ ◦ ١٠٠٠ אאאא א א א א א א ، F ٢ J ٤ E אאא א F ٢ J ٤ E – אא K
- 12. א ٢٦٣ אא א א א א - ٢٣ - J אא W אאא אא אאאא،אאא ٠{٥ ٪ א א K א א א אא Transformer Turns Ratio tester (TTR) K F ٢ J ٥ E אאאאאא K F ٢ J ٥ E – אאא K ٤ – אאא W א א אא ، אאא אאא אא אאא אאא، א אאאא אאאאא K אא אאאא אא א אאאאאאאאאא א،אאא، tap
- 13. א ٢٦٣ אא א א א א - ٢٤ - changers K אא א א א אאאאא אא K אאא אא א ،אא א אאאא אא אאאאאאאא אאאאאאאא K אא א אא א אא W • א אאאא W אא אאאאא K • א א W א א אא א K • אאא אא א א א אאאאא K • אא א אא ٣ K٪ ٥ – א W א אאא א א א א، אא W • אאאאא W אא ،א ،אא אאא K • אאאאאא W א אא א אאאא K אאאא אאא א (short circuited)
- 14. א ٢٦٣ אא א א א א - ٢٥ - אאאאא אא ١٠٠ א אאאא K • אאאאאאא W א אאא אאא א K ٦ – אא W אא ،אא،אא אאא א א K ٢ J ٦ J ٢ W אאא Maintenance of Oil-filled Power Transformers ١ – א W אא א אאא א W א ventilation ، אא אא ،א אאאא א א K אא ، אא אא א א א א אאאא א F ٢ J ٦ E – אאאאא K
- 15. א ٢٦٣ אא א א א א - ٢٦ - ٢ – א W א אאא א א ، א א א א א אא א אא،אא א אא، א،אאא ،אאאא אאאאא ٦٥ ٪ ، אאאאאאא אאא،א (Tr. case) א K F ٢ J ٧ E – אאאא K
- 16. א ٢٦٣ אא א א א א - ٢٧ - ٣ – אאא W אאאאא א W J א א W אא א א א אא ، א אאא אאאאא K א א א ٢٠ ◦ ١٠٠٠ אאאאאא א אאא אאא K F ٢ J ٨ E – אא K J אא W אאא אאאא،אאאאא ٠{٥ ٪ א ، א א א א א א (tap changing points) K J אא W אאאא אאאאאא אא،א אאאאא אא אא K
- 17. א ٢٦٣ אא א א א א - ٢٨ - F ٢ J ٩ E – א אא K ٤ – אאא W אאאאאאא א א ،אא אא ،אא אאאאאאאאאא אא א אא K א אאאא א אאאא א،א אא،א א א א אאאאא אא אא، אא ،אא א אא אא אאאאאא K • אאאאא אא א Infra-red Scan א א א
- 18. א ٢٦٣ אא א א א א - ٢٩ - אאאא Heat Spots אא، אא Arcing ، אא אאאאאא אא א K • א אאאא W אא אא،אא אא، אאאאאא،אא א א אאאא א אאאאאא אאאאאאאאא אאאאאא אאא א K אא א א א אאאאאא אאא אאא • א • א • א • אא • א • אא • א • א • אא • א • אאאאא • אא • אאא אא אא אא אא א
- 19. א ٢٦٣ אא א א א א - ٣٠ - אא • אא • א • א • אא • אא אאא א • א • אאא • אא • א א א F – E • אאא • אאא א א ٥ – א W א אאא א אאאאא ،אא אאא W • אא א א W א א א א אא אא F 100 – 120 C° E א א א א אא א K
- 20. א ٢٦٣ אא א א א א - ٣١ - • אאאאאאא W א (short circuited) א אא אא אא אאא א K א אאאא ،א אאאא אאא 90 – 100 C° א א 0.5 (torr) אא 50 C° אאא،א א א،א אא א K ٦ – אאא W אא אא،אא אאא א K ٢ J ٧ W אאא Maintenance of Electric Circuit Breakers אאאא א אאאא C.B ، אא disconnect switches אא، fuses א אאאאאאאא،אא א אאא אאא אא K אאא אאא W • אאאאא F אא א E Air-magnetic circuit breakers • א אאא F אא E Oil circuit breakers • אאאאא F אאא E Vacuum circuit breakers • א F א SF6 E SF6 circuit breakers
- 21. א ٢٦٣ אא א א א א - ٣٢ - ٢ J ٧ J ١ W אאאאא W אאאאאאאאאאא W J אא W ١ K א א אאא K ٢ K אא א אא K ٣ K אא אאא אאאאאא K ٤ K אאאא א،אאאאאא א K J א ١ K א א K ٢ K אאאאאאא K ٣ K אא אא K ٤ K אאא אאאאא אאאא א א K ٥ K אאאאאאאאא אא K
- 22. א ٢٦٣ אא א א א א - ٣٣ - ٢ J ٧ J ٢ W אאאאא א אא א אא א א א א א ، א ،אאא אאאאאאא W • א K • א א K • א אא א K • א אאא K • אא K אאא א ،אא אא א א א F ، א אא ، א א א ، א אאא E ، אאא F אא،א،א KE אאא אאאא אא W J אאאאאא W ١ K אא א אאא א K ٢ K אאאא،אא א אאאאא א א א K ٣ K אאא אאאאאא א אא א א א אאאאאאא א אא K
- 23. א ٢٦٣ אא א א א א - ٣٤ - ٤ K א א אאא ،א אאא א אא אאאאאא، אא K J אאא אא W אא،אאאאאאאא אאאאאאא אאאאאא W ١ K אא אאאאא א K ٢ K אאאאא אא אא א א א K ٣ K א אאאאאאאא אאאא K ٤ K אאאאאאאאא אא א K ٥ K אאאאא א אאא K
- 24. א ٢٦٣ אא א א א א - ٣٥ - F ٢ J ١٠ E – אאא K F ٢ J ١١ E – אאאא