10. conclusion In conclusion autism affects millions of people, but the exact cause is still unknown. Autism is believed to be a genetic disorder and is caused by environmental factors. Autism affects an individual’s developmental learning and behavior and education is key when finding the treatment options which works best for each individual. Early diagnosis and treatment are the ways in which an individual with autism could receive the help that is needed.
11. References America Press. 201.12 (November 2, 2009):5. An untreated Epidemic. Retrieved on February 1, 2011 from http://wf2dnvr14.webfeat.org/SEBkP118939/url=http://search.proquest.com/docview /209713527/fulltext?accountid=34899 Autism Speaks and Autism Speaks It’s time to listen and Design 2007. (2005-2011) Autism Speaks inc. Retrieved on January 28, 2011 from http://www.autismspeaks.org/treatment/scerts.php Genetics and Environmental Health Week. August 19, 2009. Autism; Recently Released Data from the National Survey of Children's Health Reports That Autism Now Affects 1% of Children and is More Common Than Children's Cancer, Diabetes, and AIDS Combined. Retrieved on January 18, 2010 from http://wf2dnvr11.webfeat.org/IKjiP18629/url=http://search.proquest.com/docview Halsey Na; Hyman, S L Pediatrics May 2001. Evanston. Volume 107 Issue 5. Pp. E 84 American Academy of Pediatrics. Measles-mumps-rubella vaccine and autistic spectrum disorder: report from the new challenges in childhood immunizations conference convened in oak brook, illinois, june 12-13, 2000. Retrieved on January 28, 2011 from http://wf2dnvr14.webfeat.org/GKjiP118388/url=http://search.proquest.com/docview /228325286/abstract?accountid=34899
12. References Klein, Melissa (2007) All about Autism Current Health 2. Volume 34 Issue 2. Pp. 26-29. Lynn A. Dell, clinical director of the Center for Autism and Related Disorders at the Kennedy Krieger Institute in Baltimore. Stated, “There is no known cure for autism, but there are many effective approaches to treating it, including behavioral, speech, and occupational therapies, as cited in Klein, Melissa(2007) Retrieved on January 28, 2011 from http://wf2dnvr11.webfeat.org/C8wiP1401/url=http://search.proquest.com/docview /211710685/fulltext?accountid=34899 Mercer, L; Creighton, S; Holden, J J A; Lewis M E S Journal of Genetic Counseling. 15.1 February 2006 Parental Perspectives on the causes of an autism Spectrum Disorder in their children. Retrieved on January 28, 2011 from http://wf2dnvr14.webfeat.org/GKjiP118913/url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/218644111/abstract?accountid=34899 PR Newswire Association LLC [New York] 21 December 2010. National Autism Association Applauds Legislation Establishing National Institute to Fight Autism Epidemic. Retrieved on January 13, 2011 from http://search.proquest.com.libproxy.edmc.edu/pqcentral/docview/818920515/fullt ext/12CE57E1B64468A09F4/1?accountid=34899
13. References PR Newswire Association LLC [New York] January 10, 2011. Autism Support Network Grows Autism Resource Database, Now lists Service Providers Across 58 countries. Retrieved on January 13, 2011 from http://search.proquest.com.libproxy.edmc.edu/pqcentral/docview/822907598/12C E5BA0BAB18427E3B/3?accountid=34899 Steuernagel, Trudy. Journal of Disability Policy Studies. 16.3 (Winter 2005): 138-146. Increases in Identified Cases of Autism Spectrum Disorders: Policy Implications. Retrieved on Janurary 13, 2011 from http://search.proquest.com.libproxy.edmc.edu/psychology/docview/211253773/fulltext/12CE5E5F0785254075E/42?accountid=34899 Taylor, Brent; Miller, Elizabeth; Farrington, C. Paddy; Maria-Christina Petropoulos. Autism and measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine: No epidemiological evidence for a causal association. The Lancet 353.9169. (June 2, 1999). 2026-9 Retrieved on January 13, 2011 from http://search.proquest.com.libproxy.edmc.edu/psychology/docview/198983359/abstract/12CE5CC36775CF7A251/38?accountid=34899
Notes de l'éditeur
[Autism is a spectrum disorder that varies widely among individuals and there could be a delay in mental or physical development and the individual could be impaired and unable to speak.] (Klein, Melissa, 2007) Knowing the early signs of autism could help someone who is affected by autism. Some of the signs are a lack of facial expression, difficulties with speech, and with socializing with others. Autism also affects children and adults ability to communicate with others effectively. Therefore, if a parent has any concerns about their child’s development then it would be best to have the child screened early.
Autism affects everyone differently so no two people would necessarily act the same. While working as a one to one aide, I learned that a child does have different ways of communicating their needs. At times a child could easily become frustrated because, he or she has a difficult time communicating. Therefore, I learned how to use sign language to communicate with the child. A child also needs one on one attention and when performing some tasks such as reading and writing. A child could also become aggressive by biting, kicking, and scratching due to the frustration of communicating with others.
“Autism has underlying medical disorders that impair neurological, gastrointestinal, metabolic, and immune systems.” Genetics Environmental Health Week (2008-2009). Although the affects are known and autism affects everyone differently, more research is needed to find out what the specific causes are.
Based on my research, some parents are concerned about vaccinations being the cause for autism and are no longer getting their children vaccinated because, some people do believe that the vaccinations are the cause of autism and that their child showed autistic symptoms after vaccination. According to Halsey Na; Hyman, S L, concern has been raised about a possible association between measles-mumps rubella (MMR) vaccine, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and autism spectrum disorder, especially autism with regression. Genetic predisposition to autism spectrum disorder may involve as many as 10 genes. Therefore, these finding are consistent with the beliefs that people hold about vaccinations and genetics being a possible cause of autism.
Research reveals that autism could be caused by environmental factors. [A small number of cases can be linked to genetic disorders such as Fragile X, Tuberous Sclerosis, and Angelman’s syndrome, as well as exposure to environmental agents such as infectious ones (maternal rubella or cytomegalovirus) or chemical ones (thalidomide or valproate) during pregnancy.] (
Behavior therapy could be used to help change negative behaviors to more positive behaviors. Also, by rewarding a child for good behavior helped when shaping the child’s behavior. For example, if the child asked to go to the bathroom, than he or she could be given praise and/or candy.
According to autismspeaks.org: First, parents could try to find support from others in the community such as parents or caregivers who could offer advice and knows how challenging caring for someone with autism could be. Secondly, it is normal to feel sad and frustrated; however, try to express love towards others who are affected by autism. Thirdly, give your child praise for their accomplishments.
According to autismspeaks.orgFrom birth to at least 36 months of age, every child should be screened for developmental milestones during routine well visits.” (autismspeaks.org) In order to ensure that the best treatment is provided the doctor might needed to do different tests with an audiologist, to rule out hearing loss, a speech & language therapist, to determine language skills and needs, and an occupational therapist to evaluate physical and motor skills.
