4. About You
• What’s your name?
• What do you do for work?
• What do you do for fun?
• Coffee, tea or bottled water?
Introductions
5. Goals for our workshop today:
• Understand the basic concepts of user experience (UX)
design
• Review the basic deliverables a UXer develops within a
project
• Experience the general process and techniques used on
a design project
Introductions
6.
7. Morning
• History & Definition
• UX Principles
• Design Process
• Agile
• Deliverables
• Our Project
• User Research
Agenda
13. A Brief History of UX
1975
• Richard Saul Wurman coined the term “information architecture”
to describe the field now more often described as “information
design”
1994
• Argus Associates founded in Ann Arbor, MI, the first firm devoted
to IA
1998
• First edition of Peter Morville and Lou Rosenfeld’s Information
Architecture for the World Wide Web, affectionately known as
“The Polar Bear” book
2000
• First IA Summit, Boston, MA – Defining Information Architecture
History of UX
14. Partially adapted from: “A brief history of information architecture” by Peter Morville and Information Architecture: Designing
information environments for purpose, edited by Alan Gilchrist and Barry Mahon
A Brief History of UX
2002
• Boxes & Arrows, online journal for UX and design goes live
• 3 new books on UX published, including Jesse James
Garrett’s The Elements of User Experience
2014
• Capital One purchases Garrett’s UX-consulting firm
Adaptive Path
2020
• The 20th IA Conference will be held in New Orleans, April
2020
History of UX
15. in•for•ma•tion ar•chi•tec•ture n.
• The combination of organization, labeling, and
navigation schemes within an information
system.
• The structural design of an information space to
facilitate task completion and intuitive access to
content.
• The art and science of structuring and classifying
web sites and intranets to help people find and
manage information.
• An emerging discipline and community of
practice focused on bringing principles of design
and architecture to the digital landscape.
Information Architecture for the World Wide Web (1st Edition), p. 4, Rosenfeld and Morville
Navigation
Interaction
Art/Science
Discipline/
Community
Defining UX
22. 3 Clicks? A myth
Designing for scent is
more successful than
designing for
navigation.
– Jared Spool, UIE
If there is a scientific
basis to the Three-Click
Rule, we couldn't find it
in our data.
- User Interface Engineering,
April 2003
Self Study
“Designing for the scent of information” - Jared M. Spool, Christine Perfetti & David Brittan, User Interface Engineering
26. “Progressive disclosure defers
advanced or rarely used
features to a secondary
screen, making applications
easier to learn and less error-
prone.”
- Jakob Nielsen
Self Study
“Progressive Disclosure” - Jakob Nielsen, December 4, 2006
31. “Designers can create normalcy
out of chaos; they can clearly
communicate ideas through the
organizing and manipulating of
words and pictures.”
—Jeffery Veen, The Art and Science of Web
Design
32. When information is clustered
appropriately on a screen,
users can scan and quickly
come to terms with the intent
of the content.
42. Consistency is an important but
sometimes over-rated tool
It’s key in maintaining a coherent
experience
But develop an eye to know when to
break from it
45. Related: Design pages so they’re
scalable
Suppress modules or sections of the
page until they're needed
Don’t labor to create content just to
ensure every screen or element is
“consistently” populated
47. People may come to your homepage
But more and more likely not
They’re more likely coming from Google or social
media
Many sites report only 20% of visitors landing on their
homepages
Some as few as 10 or 5%
• 88% of traffic coming to The Atlantic not hitting home page
• More than 50% of visitors to the NYT not arriving at the home page
Have you ever bought a book on Amazon.com
because you saw it on the homepage?
48. More Important?
• SEO*
• Taxonomy
• Metadata + Tagging
• Mobile friendly
*search engine optimization
53. “Web users spend 80% of their
time looking at information above
the page fold. Although users do
scroll, they allocate only 20% of
their attention below the fold.”
- Jakob Nielsen, “Scrolling and Attention,” March 22, 2010
54. “People will look very far down a page if (a) the layout encourages scanning, and (b) the initially viewable
information makes them believe that it will be worth their time to scroll.
Finally, while placing the most important stuff on top, don't forget to put a nice morsel at the very bottom.”
- Jakob Nielsen, “Scrolling and Attention,” March 22, 2010
56. Consider the amount
of attention an
audience needs on a
particular screen*
*It may be zero
57. Recapping:
• Scent of Information
• Progressive Disclosure
• Information Clustering & Hierarchy
• Remove Paths Not Taken
• The Tyranny of Consistency
• Death of the Home Page
• There Is No Fold
• Know Your Audience
60. Discovery Definition Development
• Stakeholder Interviews
• Business Requirements
• Feature Prioritization Matrix
• Competitive/Comparative Audit
• User Research
• Analytics
• Site Inventory
• Site Map
Design Process
Design
61. Discovery Definition Design Development
• Personas
• Content Audit
• Card Sorts
• Use Cases
• Site Map
• User Journeys
• Sketching
• Conceptual Wires/Design
• Experience Brief
Design Process
62. Discovery Definition Design Development
• Site Map
• Content Matrix
• User Flows
• Sketching
• Concept Diagrams
• Wireframes
•Functional Specifications
• Visual Design
• Stakeholder Reviews
• Prototype
• Usability Testing
Design Process
67. Design Process
Self Study
“How to solve problems applying a Design Thinking, UX, HCD or any Creative Process from scratch V2” – Dan Nessler, February 6, 2018, Medium
69. What is “agile”?
Relating to or denoting a method of project management, used especially for software development, that
is characterized by the division of tasks into short phases of work and frequent reassessment and
adaptation of plans.
"agile methods replace high-level design with frequent redesign”
—Oxford English Dictionary, contrast with “waterfall”
Agile Methodology
71. Bug fixing for past sprints
Sprint Diagram by Sasha Tsimbler
Agile Methodology
72. Lean UX
Agile Methodology
“Lean UX … is less focused on deliverables than traditional UX. It requires a greater level of collaboration
with the entire team. The core objective is to focus on obtaining feedback as early as possible so that it can
be used to make quick decisions. The nature of Agile development is to work in rapid, iterative cycles and
Lean UX mimics these cycles to ensure that data generated can be used in each iteration.”
—A Simple Introduction to Lean UX, Interaction Design Foundation
75. Personas Definition
TOP NEEDS
Fast Fueling, Parking, Showers
Minimal Out of Pocket Costs
TOP NEEDS
Safe and Clean Services
Variety of Food Options
TOP NEEDS
Assurance (parking, dumping, fueling lanes)
Saving Money on the Road
PROFESSIONAL DRIVERS RVERS 4-WHEELERS
76. User Journeys Definition
Self Study
“An introduction to user journeys” - Jason Hobbs, September 6, 2005, Boxes & Arrows
86. Our Project
Events.com
Events.com want to revamp their website to become the go-to online
resource for people wanting to attend or promote a large variety of
events across the United States.
The experience should default to the city you’re in—New York—but
allow users to change to other cities within the U.S.
Promotion means you should also be able to create new events on the
site.
89. “Through research, we aim to learn
enough about the business goals, the
users, and the information ecology to
develop a solid strategy.”
– Louis Rosenfeld & Peter Morville
Discovery: User Research
90. Goal
Identify patterns and trends in user behavior, tasks,
preferences, obstacles.
Methodology
• Focus Groups
• Surveys
• Interviews
Discovery: User Research
91. William James on User Research?
“[I]n a delicate inquiry like this, little is
to be gained by distributing circulars. A
single patient with the right sort of
lesion and a scientific mind, carefully
cross-examined, is more likely to
deepen our knowledge than a
thousand circulars answered as the
average patient answers them, even
though the answers be never so
thoroughly collated by the
investigator.”
– William James, “The Consciousness of Lost Limbs,”
1887
Discovery: User Research
92. Class Exercise: Survey Questions
• How do you learn about events in NYC?
• What type of events are you interested in?
• What’s more important to you:
– Price
– Type of Event
– Location
– Date
• Do you ever need to promote an event?
• Do you ever invite people to an event?
Discovery: User Research
96. “This type of assessment helps set an industry
‘marker’ by looking at what the competition is up to,
what features and functionalities are standard, and
how others have solved the same problems you might
be tasked with.”
– Dorelle Rabinowitz
Discovery: Competitive Review
97. Heuristic Evaluation
… involves evaluators examining the
interface and judging its compliance with
recognized usability principles (the
“heuristics”)—Wikipedia
Self Study
For a more detailed explanation of heuristic evaluation, see Jakob Nielsen’s Ten Usability Heuristics.
Discovery: Competitive Review
98. Sample Usability Criteria
These examples aren’t comprehensive. Appropriate criteria will depend on the project to be completed.
Home Page
• Elements are appropriately weighted and distributed
• Information is clustered in meaningful ways
Navigation
• Navigation structure is concise and consistent
• Paths to important information are intuitive and unobstructed
Content
• Content is content chunked appropriately
• Headings and titles are scannable
• Content is current. There are visible indications of content freshness.
Design
• Colors are appropriate for the Web. White space is used appropriately. Text is readable.
Search
• Search results are relevant and cleanly presented
Functionality
• Functionality and forms are efficiently designed
Messaging
• Errors messages are presented in clear language. Help readily available contextually to users
• Appropriate channels are provided for user feedback
Discovery: Competitive Review
99. Methodology
• Review and analyze competitor sites according to
particular criteria (heuristics)
• Draw key findings, which can influence and guide IA
through the design phase
• Include a scorecard for high-level comparison of
points across all sites
Also: Comparative Reviews
Discovery: Competitive Review
102. Key Findings
• Search is fairly prominent on each site
• Filtering on events is valuable, but not always easily available
• Calendars are helpful, but not always prominent
• Profiles and social features are handled with varying degrees of detail
• Free events are often highlighted
• Event detail pages may have maps, RSVP, sharing, rating, commenting
functionality
• Displaying other venues and restaurants adds utility
• Option to add or promote an event isn’t always prominent
Discovery: Competitive Review
105. “There are often better ways to organize data
than the traditional ones that first occur to us.
Each organization of the same set of data
expresses different attributes and messages. It
is also important to experiment, reflect, and
choose which organization best communicates
our messages.”
– Nathan Shedroff, Experience Strategist
Definition: Card Sorts
106. Methodology
• Grouping and labeling with index cards, post it notes
• Two types:
Open – Participants sort cards with no pre-established categories. Useful for
new architectures
Closed – Participants sort cards into predetermined, provided groups. Useful
for fitting content into existing architectures
• Online card sorts – e.g. OptimalSort
Goals
• Organize content more efficiently
• Find names for categories based on users’ perspectives
Self Study
"Card sorting: a definitive guide" by Donna Spencer and Todd Warfel, Boxes and Arrows, 2004/04/07
Definition: Card Sorts
107. Case Studies:
• Wachovia Wealth Management Group
• American Red Cross
• Mercedes Benz
Definition: Card Sorts
108. Card Sort
As individuals:
• Take 5 minutes to think of all the events a person could
attend
• Write each event you come up with on a Post-It note
Definition: Card Sorts
5mins
109. Card Sort
Now, as a group:
• Take a few minutes to organize your events into
categories (group & label them)
• Then we’ll share some categories
Definition: Card Sorts
15mins
110. Characteristics & Findings
• Looking for redundancies
• Lumping and splitting
• Outliers and miscellaneous items
• Placing items in multiple categories
• Categories versus filters
– E.g. Free, Family, Outdoors
• Unique but intuitive labels
– E.g. Geeks, Relax, Fun With Strangers (flash mobs, brewery tours)
Definition: Card Sorts
111. Next Steps
With the results of a card sort we then can:
• Build consensus
• Refine terminology
• Create a site map
• Help define navigation
Definition: Card Sorts
112. Definition: Card Sort Tools
Post-It
This free app from 3M lets you scan
your Post-It Notes, organize and
share them.
Now with hand-writing recognition.
115. Conceptual DesignDesign: Site Maps
“A site map is a high-level diagram
showing the hierarchy of a system. Site
maps reflect the information structure,
but are not necessarily indicative of the
navigation structure.”
– Step Two Designs
116.
117.
118. Site Map Tools:
• Omnigraffle (Mac)
• Microsoft Visio
• InDesign
• Sketch
Design: Site Maps
119. Page Types & Templates
The Mercator Atlas of Europe
From The British Library
122. “Navigation refers to those
elements in the UI that allow
users to reach specific
information on the site.”
– Nielsen Norman Group
Self Study
The Difference Between Information Architecture (IA) and Navigation
Design: Navigation
123. Types of Navigation
• Site Structure – major nav
• Hierarchical – product families
• Function – sitemap, privacy
• Direct – banner ad/shortcut
• Reference – related links
• Dynamic – search results
• Faceted Navigation – filters results
• Breadcrumb – location
• Step Navigation – sequence through forms/results
Self Study
Adapted from Atsushi Hasegagwa’s The 7 Navigation Types of Web Sites
Design: Navigation
124. Areas of Navigation
• Global – universal header/footer
• Local – left nav/right nav
• Local content – text links, buttons
Self Study
Adapted from Atsushi Hasegagwa’s The 7 Navigation Types of Web Sites
Design: Navigation
125. Self Study
Adapted from Atsushi Hasegagwa’s The 7 Navigation Types of Web Sites
Styles of Navigation
• Rollover
• Dropdown
• Flyout
• Tabs
• Accordion
• Hamburger
Design: Navigation
131. “There are techniques and
processes whereby we can put
experience front and center in
design. My belief is that the
basis for doing so lies in
extending the traditional practice
of sketching. ”
—Bill Buxton
Design: Sketching
132. Attributes of a Sketch
• Quick
• Timely
• Inexpensive
• Disposable
• Plentiful
• Clear vocabulary
• Distinct gesture
• Minimal detail
• Appropriate degree of refinement
• Suggest & explore rather than confirm
• Ambiguity
Design: Sketching
133. - Stefan Klocek, “Better together;
the practice of successful
creative collaboration,” Cooper
Journal
“Ninja. Rockstar. Gifted
genius. Many of the ways
we talk about creative
work (whether it’s design
or development) only
capture the brilliance of a
single individual.”
Design: Sketching
Emphasizing
Collaboration
134. Defining Collaborative
Sketching
• Rooted in Design Studio Methodology
• Grew out of industrial design and
architecture
• No “rockstars”
• Todd Zaki Warfel
o Create. Pitch. Critique.
o 6.8.5 (6 to 8 sketches in 5 minutes)
• Different versions/methods but steps
included to encourage outcomes
Design: Sketching
135. Goals for Collaborative Sketching
• To communicate your ideas effectively by visualizing
them
• To benefit from the participation of your colleagues
• To quickly generate ideas and refine through iterations
Design: Sketching
137. • Discuss the purpose of the specific experience you’re
sketching
• What does it need to accomplish?
• What features are necessary?
• How would you prioritize them?
• Who’s the audience?
• You’re not discussing layout or design
• Just the problem you’re trying to solve
• You’re not sketching yet
Discuss
Design: Sketching
138.
139. Sketch
• Sketch silently
• Limit your time – 5,10 minutes
• Sketch as much as possible, as many different
ideas as possible
• Don’t worry about mistakes or style
• Emphasis is on the quantity of ideas, not the
quality of the sketches
Design: Sketching
142. Share
• Review your work with your team
• Keep it short – 60 seconds each
• Offer your feedback to others
• What you like
• Questions about what didn’t work for you
• You’re not grilling your colleagues and this isn’t a
competition
Design: Sketching
143. Iterate
• Now sketch again if you need to
• Or collaborate on a high-level wireframe (e.g.
via whiteboard)
• Then begin your wireframe with a more
informed view, with more and better ideas
• Iterate on your design
Design: Sketching
144. Class Exercise:
In teams, sketch your ideas.
Event Detail Page
1. Take 15 minutes first to
discuss what features
belong here
Remember, no sketching
yet
Design: Sketching
145. Class Exercise:
In teams, sketch your ideas.
Event Detail Page
1. Take 15 minutes first to discuss what features belong
here
2. Time for silent sketching
Design: Sketching
146. Class Exercise:
In teams, sketch your ideas.
Event Detail Page
1. Take 15 minutes first to discuss what features belong
here
2. Time for silent sketching
3. Time for sharing your sketches
Design: Sketching
147. Class Exercise:
Did you come up with any
differentiating ideas for an
event page?
Design: Sketching
148. Sketching Tools:
The following apps are all for the
iPad:
• Adobe Ideas (Free)
• Bamboo Paper (Free)
• Muji Notebook ($3.99)
• Penultimate (Free)
• SketchBook (Free)
• Paper (Free)
• Adonit Forge (Free)
Design: Sketching
150. Wireframes
“Web site wireframes are blue prints that
define a Web page’s content and
functionality. They do not convey design –
e.g. colors, graphics, or fonts.”
- FatPurple
Design: Wireframes
151.
152.
153.
154.
155. Design a Home Page
In your teams, create your final deliverable, a
home page for Events.com
1) Discuss features needed for a
homepage
Design: Home Page
156. Design a Home Page
In your teams, create your final deliverable, a home page for
Events.com
1) Discuss features needed for a homepage
2) Sketch your ideas for a homepage
individually
Design: Home Page
157. Design a Home Page
In your teams, create your final deliverable, a home page for
Events.com
1) Discuss features needed for a homepage
2) Sketch your ideas for a homepage
individually
3) Discuss your sketches again with your
team
Design: Home Page
158. Discussion
Did you think to incorporate …
1) Filter by date, price, location?
2) City switcher?
3) Add an event?
4) What differentiates your design from others?
Design: Home Page
161. Usability Testing
“Usability testing refers to evaluating a product or service by
testing it with representative users. Typically, during a test,
participants will try to complete typical tasks while observers
watch, listen and takes notes. The goal is to identify any
usability problems, collect qualitative and quantitative
data and determine the participant's satisfaction with the
product.”
- usability.gov
Design: Usability Testing
162. Types
• Paper prototype
• Clickable prototype
• Full HTML
• Eyetracking
Design: Usability Testing
Methods
• In person/remote
• Moderated/unmoderated
• “Guerilla”
164. Responsive Web Design
“Rather than tailoring disconnected designs to each of an ever-
increasing number of web devices, we can treat them as facets
of the same experience. We can design for an optimal viewing
experience, but embed standards-based technologies into our
designs to make them not only more flexible, but more adaptive
to the media that renders them. In short, we need to
practice responsive web design.”
– Ethan Marcotte, Responsive Web Design, A List Apart
Self Study
Ethan Marcotte: Responsive Web Design
Design: Responsive Design
166. Responsive Design Characteristics
• Think “mobile first”
• Maintain content and features across devices
• Adjust designs to display content effectively on various
devices or resolutions
• Reposition modules if needed but maintain hierarchies
• Much more in my Guidelines for Responsive UX Design
class
Design: Responsive Design
167. Final Home Page Collaboration
In your teams, create your final deliverable, a home page for Events.com
Collaborate as a team on a final version of the home
page
Design: Final Exercise
169. Books:
• Information Architecture for the World Wide
Web – Louis Rosenfeld, Peter Morville
• Information Architecture: Blueprints for the
Web – Christina Wodtke, Austin Govella
• The Elements of User Experience – Jesse
James Garrett
• Designing Web Navigation: Optimizing the
User Experience – James Kalbach, Aaron
Gustafson
• Design of Everyday Things – Donald
Norman
• Don’t Make Me Think – Steve Krug
• Lean UX – Jeff Gothelf, Josh Seiden
• Responsive Web Design – Ethan Marcotte
Additional Resources
Web Sites:
• Alertbox
• A List Apart
• Boxes & Arrows
• wireframes.tumblr.com
170. Further Studies:
• School of Visual Arts
• Continuing Ed classes
• MFA in Interaction Design
• The IA Summit
• Interaction 19 (IXDA)
• Pratt – Course in Information Design
• Rosenfeld Media
• General Assembly
• Skillshare
• The Information Architecture Institute
• Nielsen Norman Group
• User Interface Engineering
Additional Resources
Videos:
• The Design Studio Method – Todd Zaki
Warfel (Vimeo)
• The Right Way to Wireframe – Russ Unger
(YouTube)
Introduction to User Experience Design - Robert Stribley
15 February 2020RIP ST. MARKS - Photo by Robert Stribley
Preliminaries
Introductions
Introductions
Workshop goals
Agenda
Agenda – Afternoon
Agenda – Afternoon
UX History
User Experience
The Spectrum of User Experience
https://www.flickr.com/photos/formforce/3663684287/
Walt Disney – The original user experience designer?
https://uxmag.com/articles/walt-disney-the-worlds-first-ux-designer
Brief History of UX
Partially adapted from: “A brief history of information architecture” by Peter Morville
Information Architecture: Designing information environments for purpose, edited by Alan Gilchrist and Barry Mahon
Background: Defining IA - Information Ecology Venn Diagram by Peter Morville and Louis Rosenfeld
Background: Defining IA: skin/skeleton
Oft-used examples like this of “users” creating their own paths
Using architectural plans/blueprints as a metaphor for an IA’s work
Flickr.com: Cornell University Library
UX Principles
Image from 10 Basic Principles of Visual Design by Jose Torre - https://blog.prototypr.io/10-basic-principles-of-visual-design-55b86b9f7241 – which is definitely worth a read
Scent of Information
If you were to take only one thing away with you today, it would be that the 3-click rule is bunk.
Can actually make for a very cluttered site if you try to flatten content so it’s all available within three clicks
Users will happily click away 5, 6, 7, 8 times without noticing, if there are clear paths to what they’re looking for, concise navigation, intuitive labels, etc.
Background: Studies in “information foraging” in the early 90s at PARC (Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated)
Better: a dynamic tension between reducing the number of clicks and providing strong scent to content
Uniqlo Site
Progressive Disclosure
Reduce clutter, cognitive overload, so there’s less to process at once - Across multiple pages – or within a page or overlay
“Progressive Disclosure” by Jakob Nielsen, December 4, 2006
Originated with studies in the 80s by user interface specialists Jack Carroll's lab work at IBM
Progressive disclosure in an app – weather details
Reduce clutter, cognitive overload, so there’s less to process at once - Across multiple pages – or within a page or overlay
Mercedes Benz product information
Mercedes Benz product information
Information Clustering & Hierarchy
Jeffery Veen quote from The Art and Science of Web Design
When information is clustered appropriately on a screen, users can scan and quickly come to terms with the intent of the content.
Information clustering
Information clustering
Information clustering
Isn’t to say that you couldn’t have a lot of content on the page – e.g. Pinterest. But content is grouped logically, can be scanned easily.
Mercedes Benz
Remove paths not taken
Seems simple, but a lot of sites could benefit from adhering to this principle
Remove paths not taken
Remove paths not taken
The Tyranny of Consistency
This is a “Know it when you see it” kind of problem – sometimes tough to put a finger on
“Clarity trumps consistency.” - Steve Krug, Don’t Make Me Think
Photo from Interview with Steve Krug: how to get DIY usability testing right by Oliver Lindberg - https://medium.com/the-lindberg-interviews/interview-with-steve-krug-how-to-get-diy-usability-testing-right-63dedddbd0ae
Photo by Daniel Byrne - https://www.danielbyrnephoto.com/
Varying dropdown styles on MBUSA.com are not “consistent,” per se, but tailored to the needs of the user and the content in each case.
But be sure when you break with consistency, you do have a principle in mind for doing so
Found this site by searching on Worst Home Page in the World.
Clearly, it’s trying to be all things to all people.
Instead, it looks like a dog’s breakfast.
Jakob Nielsen wrote in 2002 that home pages are “the most valuable real estate in the world.”
Sourcing: http://www.niemanlab.org/2012/08/coming-in-the-side-door-the-value-of-homepages-is-shifting-from-traffic-driver-to-brand/
88% of traffic coming to The Atlantic not hitting home page
More than 50% of visitors to the NYT not arriving at the home page
Have you ever bought a book on Amazon.com because you saw it on the homepage?
*Search engine optimization
Note how the site offers plenty of scent
There is no fold – Photo by Gavin Bell
There is no fold - Iamthefold.com
Simple illustration of dramatic difference in “the fold” using Brooklyn Brainery
Jakob Nielsen, “Scrolling and Attention,” March 22, 2010
Eyetracking tests by Nielsen Norman Group–Jakob Nielsen, “Scrolling and Attention,” March 22, 2010
Know Your Audience
Yes, your site typically has multiple audiences. But not all of them need to be addressed at once. Giving proper thought to who defines a site's audience helps clean out the chaff.
Example: Placing find an event functionality in an area where a using is creating an event. Not necessary for that audience.
Recap of UX Principles
The Design Process
Illustration from The teapot model: how to explain a fuzzy design process to anxious clients.
https://blog.prototypr.io/the-teapot-model-how-to-explain-a-fuzzy-design-process-to-anxious-clients-4a2e8487bc87
The Design Process
1. Discovery
Stakeholder interviewers, Business requirements, Competitive & Comparative Audits, User Research
2. Definition
Persona/Scenario Development, Content & Meta Data Audits, Use cases, Creative Brief, Mood boards
4. Development
User Acceptance Testing, Quality Assurance Testing, Usability Testing, Site development
The Design Process – Illustration from the Interaction Design Foundation
Illustration from Design Thinking 101 by Sarah Gibbons on July 31, 2016 - https://www.nngroup.com/articles/design-thinking/
Nielsen Norman Group
Illustration from Design Thinking 101 by Sarah Gibbons on July 31, 2016 - https://www.nngroup.com/articles/design-thinking/
Nielsen Norman Group
Diagram from “How to solve problems applying a Design Thinking, UX, HCD or any Creative Process from scratch V2” by Dan Nessler
February 6, 2018, Medium
Agile
Image from unsplash by Cam Adams / @camadams – Thousand Oaks, United States
Deliverables
Deliverables
Sprint Diagram by Sasha Tsimbler
Lean UX explanation taken from —A Simple Introduction to Lean UX, Interaction Design Foundation
Deliverables
Image of New Delhi newspaper delivery from the Financial Times
Site map
Personas
User Journey
https://www.toptal.com/designers/product-design/customer-journey-maps
User Story – example taken from Requirements 101: User Stories vs. Use Cases
https://www.stellman-greene.com/2009/05/03/requirements-101-user-stories-vs-use-cases/
Use Cases – example taken from Requirements 101: User Stories vs. Use Cases
https://www.stellman-greene.com/2009/05/03/requirements-101-user-stories-vs-use-cases/
User Flows
Wireframe
Concept Diagram – I sometimes use a concept diagram just to show an outline of the content which would go on a screen so we can agree to content and hierarchy at a very high level before fleshing it out to be a true wireframe // you might call this a visual outline or something else. Sometimes I present this with the wireframes up front, as it’s easier to digest at a bird’s eye view than a wireframe.
Wireframe
Wireframe example from here:
https://www.mockplus.com/blog/post/basic-uiux-design-concept-difference-between-wireframe-prototype
Comps/Creative
Wireframe
Wireframe example from here:
https://www.mockplus.com/blog/post/basic-uiux-design-concept-difference-between-wireframe-prototype
Our Project
Photo from Unsplash by Danny Howe @dannyhowe - https://unsplash.com/photos/bn-D2bCvpik
Events.com
Discovery
User Research in Copenhagen’s Elderly Homes - http://www.localhiddenvariable.com/ciid/user-research-in-copenhagens-elderly-homes/
Rosenfeld and Morville on user research
User Research: Goals & Methodology
William James on User Research and the advantages of one-on-one interviews. William James, The Consciousness of Lost Limbs, 1887
First published in Proceedings of the American Society for Psychical Research, 1, 249-258
I happened across this quote reading Oliver Sacks’ excellent book Hallucinations
Class Exercise: Survey Questions
Lunch break
AP photo of men lunching on a construction beam from Sept. 29, 1932,
Agenda – Afternoon
Competitive Review
Discovery: Competitive Review – or Audit
Heuristics reviews can also be conducted on a single site, of course. For example, to review a client’s site and give them feedback on the existing site, as well as prioritized changes.
Heuristics reviews can also be conducted on a single site, of course. For example, to review a client’s site and give them feedback on the existing site, as well as prioritized changes.
We review each of these sites live during class: Eventbrite, NYCgo.com, Meetup
Key Findings
http://www.flickr.com/photos/cannedtuna/
Nathan Shedroff is Program Director of the MBA in Design Strategy program at the California College of the Arts. His books include Experience Design 1, Making Meaning, and contributing to Richard Saul Wurman's Information Anxiety 2. Advisor for Rosenfeld Media
Card sorts: Methodology and Goals - http://www.optimalworkshop.com
Case Studies: These are stories I share from experiences at Wachovia and Razorfish
Project Guidelines
Project Guidelines
Characteristics & Findings
Characteristics & Findings
Post-It app from 3M now with handwriting recognition
Design
Site Maps
Defining site maps
Site map for Red Cross
Site map for Nextel Brazil
Site map tools
Page Types
Examples: Home page, category page, details page/product page
Navigation
Navigation
https://www.nngroup.com/articles/ia-vs-navigation – Nielsen Norman Group
Adapted from Atsushi HASEGAWA’s The 7 Navigation Types of Web Sites
http://www.slideshare.net/atsushi/the-7-navigation-types-of-web-site
Adapted from Atsushi HASEGAWA’s The 7 Navigation Types of Web Sites
http://www.slideshare.net/atsushi/the-7-navigation-types-of-web-site
Adapted from Atsushi HASEGAWA’s The 7 Navigation Types of Web Sites
http://www.slideshare.net/atsushi/the-7-navigation-types-of-web-site
Mega Dropdowns
Mega Dropdowns
Power Footers
Break
Sketching
Bill Buxton
Attributes of a Sketch
From Design Studio Methodology – Article by Will Evans http://www.uie.com/articles/design_studio_methodology/
Photo of Stefan from his Twitter profile
No rockstars, two heads are better than one
Defining collaborative sketching
Todd Zaki Warfel, The Design Studio Method – see the video on Vimeo
Sketching Methodology
Sketching Process
Discuss
Discuss: Example of whiteboarded features and functionality
Sketch
Sketching Example
Sketching Example
Share
Revise
Class Exercise: Collaborative Sketching
Class Exercise: Collaborative Sketching
Class Exercise: Collaborative Sketching
Class Exercise: Collaborative Sketching
Sketching Tools
Wireframes - sculpture by Jaume Plensa, Yorkshire Sculpture Park
Defining wireframes
Mercedes Benz Vans – Technology wireframe by SapientRazorfish
Mercedes Benz Vans – Technology visual design by SapientRazorfish
Mercedes Benz wireframe by Razorfish
Mercedes Benz comp/visual design based on wireframe by Razorfish
Final Exercise
Home page characteristics: access different cities, add events, category nav, main nav, surfacing events in different ways, search/calendar/map/etc?
Also, what can you offer as a differentiator?
Final Exercise
Home page characteristics: access different cities, add events, category nav, main nav, surfacing events in different ways, search/calendar/map/etc?
Also, what can you offer as a differentiator?
Final Exercise
Home page characteristics: access different cities, add events, category nav, main nav, surfacing events in different ways, search/calendar/map/etc?
Also, what can you offer as a differentiator?
Final Exercise
Home page characteristics: access different cities, add events, category nav, main nav, surfacing events in different ways, search/calendar/map/etc?
Also, what can you offer as a differentiator?
Wireframing Tools
Usability Testing
Image - Testing apps on the iPad by K2_UX
Usability testing
Usability testing methods
Image from this article: “A guide to paper prototyping & testing for web interfaces” by Dan Nessler
https://medium.com/digital-experience-design/a-guide-to-paper-prototyping-testing-for-web-interfaces-49e542ba765f
Wireframes
Defining Responsive Web Design
Responsive design example
Responsive design characteristics
Home page collaboration
Development
Additional Resources
Additional Resources
Podcast
IA Job article: https://medium.com/@stribs/ux-your-guerilla-guide-to-breaking-in-75eb3e221fc7
Next class
John Ewen’s Agile Design class
Slideshare address: http://www.slideshare.net/stribs
@stribs / stribley AT outlook.com