Nebosh nat general cert 4 (1)

Day 9 AgendaDay 9 Agenda
09.15 Revision
09.45 Personal Protection Equipment
10.30 Break
10.45 Accident Investigation, RIDDOR, First Aid at Work
12.30 Lunch
1.30 Practical assessment Preparation
3.00 Break
3.15 Practical assessment Preparation Continued
4.15 Review and Link to Day 10
4.30 Course Close

Personal Protective Equipment atPersonal Protective Equipment at
Work Regulations 1992Work Regulations 1992
• Equipment designed to be worn or held by
a person at work for protection against a
specific risk (not ordinary work clothes)
• Hazard to include inclement weather
• Always look at ‘safe place controls’ first
• PPE - last stage of control

Provision and suitability
– Suitable for both Hazard and Ergonomically
sound for the Person within the design range
Compatibility
Assessment of risks
Maintenance
Storage/ accommodation
Information, instruction, training
Use by employees, report defect
Replacement
Personal Protective Equipment atPersonal Protective Equipment at
Work Regulations 1992Work Regulations 1992

Considerations for Design and UseConsiderations for Design and Use
Design
hazard & risk
required function
conditions
effective control without
increasing overall risk
CE marked
Wearer
health
capabilities
limitations
perception of the hazard
fit- ergonomic needs
anatomy, av. size, comfort

Effectiveness / ‘Acceptability’Effectiveness / ‘Acceptability’
Comfort
– Intrusion on personal comfort
– Coping with discomfort & continued use
Perceived protection
– Knowledge of hazard
– Assessment of risk
– Reinforced – Information Instructions and
Training
Ease of use
– Simple and easy to use
– Close to hand

ExerciseExercise
In what circumstances should PPE be used?
How will you choose what PPE will be most
suitable?
Will you be able to charge workers for it?
Consider footwear as an example

Respiratory ProtectionRespiratory Protection
Respirators
– Filters, needs appropriate filter for contaminant / s
– Require environment to support life
– Positive and Negative pressures (problem with seal)
Breathing apparatus
– Doesn’t need good wholesome air
– Has a defined time / distance
– Different types :
• Umbilical air fed type
• Cylinder type

Categories of PPECategories of PPE
Head
– eyes
– ears
– respiratory protection
Arm and hand
Body protection
Skin
Legs
Feet

Typical PPE QuestionsTypical PPE Questions
1. Outline the factors to be considered in the correct selection of respiratory
protection equipment for use at work (8)
2. a) Explain the difference between Breathing apparatus and Respirators(2)
b) Describe one type of breathing apparatus and state the limitations of its
use (6)

AccidentAccident
InvestigationInvestigation

Accident Investigation DefinitionAccident Investigation Definition
The Investigation should highlight the deficiencies in the
interaction between :-
• The Environment
• Management Systems
• Equipment
• Personal Factors
• The Task
 A “Systematic Observation, Analysis and Evaluation of
Events that have occurred which have caused damage to
People, Property and Product OR had the potential to
do so“.

Accident Investigation OutcomesAccident Investigation Outcomes
Specific Instructions by Management
Establishment of a Working Party
Issue of:
– Codes of practice
– New methods of work ( systems of work )
Identification of training needs
Task analysis
Provision of further information
Additional monitoring
Fines, Compensation, Insurance
Loss of work, orders, goodwill
Prohibition, Close Down
ALL COST, TIME, or RESOURCE

Accident InvestigationAccident Investigation
General PointsGeneral Points
Complete Investigation and report within 24 hours
Delegate investigation if busy
Never delay medical help to question an injured person
Ensure it is safe to interview, ask doctor / nurse
Injured person may be confused “state of shock”
Keep eye witnesses apart (not always reliable )
Interview separately
Clarify the difference between fact and opinion
Record as much factual detail as possible
positions, distances etc, ( Cameras both still and Video )
Retain items as evidence

Accidents / Ill Health:Accidents / Ill Health:
Investigation ProcedureInvestigation Procedure
Report the Accident
Investigation Procedure
–Establish the facts
–Gather Information
–Draw conclusions
–Report the results
Prevent a recurrence

Investigation SequenceInvestigation Sequence
Statutory and Other Notification
Site Visit
Record Physical details
Conduct Site Interviews
Conduct Off-Site Interviews
Draft a Report
Decide upon Remedial action
Produce the Final Report
Implement Remedial Action
Monitor Effectiveness
Feed back Information to Personnel involved

Accident Investigation KitAccident Investigation Kit
Pen, Paper, Clipboard
Camera, Video
Tape and Rule
An Aide Memoir
– Subjects to cover, questions to ask, and a Pro-forma sheet to
record basic details e.g ; dates, times, weather, location,
conditions, people etc
Tape recorder :- ( Advantages )

Accident Communication Sequence / ActionAccident Communication Sequence / Action
ACCIDENT
Dangerous
occurrence
Fatal
Injury
Reportable
Injury
Reportable
Disease
Inform
Inspectorate
Inform
Police
Inform HSE
Insurers
Investigate, Record Details
Collate Report

Site VisitSite Visit
Immediate Site Visits are Very Important to :-
– Familiarise yourself with the physical layout
– If you don’t go, any conclusions will be from other peoples reports, which
are open to misunderstanding and misinterpretation
Establish Site Activities
– The type of work and operation
– How many people, what grades etc
– Materials and equipment used
Confirm with someone who would be familiar
Record Details of the Accident Site
– A scaled picture is worth a thousand words
– Facts, time, machine, task, speed,etc
– Talk directly to the people to identify ‘how the accident happened’
Question whether you are at the’ True Accident Site’ ?

Investigation ProcedureInvestigation Procedure
P - people
E - equipment
M - materials
E - environment
Remember that the main reason for investigating
accidents is to find out the facts and prevent a
recurrence - NOT TO ALLOCATE BLAME

Information RequiredInformation Required
WHO
– Injured, witnesses, contributed to the accident
WHAT
– Happened, the sequence of events (Direct / indirect causes)
– Precautions taken, their adequacy
– Applicable Regulations, ACoP’s Guidance etc applied
WHEN
– Did the accident occur
– Were individuals trained etc
WHERE
– Did the accident occur
HOW
– Did the accident happen, Can we prevent a recurrence

Domino Theory of AccidentDomino Theory of Accident
EventsEvents
A B C D E
Proactive Reactive
Risk Risk
Management Management
Lack of Basic Immediate Accident/ Injury/
management causes causes incident Ill-health
control Loss

A
B
C
Direct
Cause
Indirect
Cause
Underlying
Factors
Accident CausationAccident Causation
Root Cause

Accident Management Procedure.Accident Management Procedure.
Who Reports ?
Who checks Contractors?
Line Manager Investigates !
Who checks after 3 days absence ?
What happens outside OH hours ?
Accident
TREATMENT IN OH DEPARTMENT OH
contacts line Manager if more info’ needed
Employee sent back to work
OH contacts Line Manager
Referral to Hospital
OH contacts Line Manager
Sent home / GP
OH contacts Line Manager.
Sent Home or Hospital
OH contacts Line Manager Line Manager: follow up,
RIDDOR, Ensure Employee
Reports to OH on return
Employee reports to Line Manager, and
Occupational Health (OH) department

RIDDOR 98?RIDDOR 98?
Reportable to HSE or Local Authority :-
Fatalities, Major Injuries reported
•by telephone immediately and F2508 sent within 10
days
Over Three Day injuries reported
• by F2508 sent within 10 days
Dangerous Occurrences reported
• by telephone immediately and F2508 sent within 10
days
Diseases reported
• by sending report F2508A “forthwith”
• Records of reports kept for 3 years

Major Injuries Reg 3(2)Major Injuries Reg 3(2)
Fractures:
• Except in finger, thumbs or toes
Dislocation:
• Shoulder, hip, knee or spine
Amputation
Eyes:
• Loss of sight, penetration, chemical or metal burn
Loss of consciousness
Illness:
• Requiring medical treatment caused by exposure to
chemical or pathogens
Admission to hospital for more than 24 hours

RIDDOR 98RIDDOR 98
“over three day”
Incapacity for work for more than three consecutive days not counting the
day of the accident but including any days which would not normally be
worked.
In practise “more than three consecutive days” means at least 4 days.
Where someone returns to work but not carrying out work covered by their
contract of employment then this is reportable

Reportable DiseasesReportable Diseases
Disease Activity
1 Blood dyscrasia Work with Ionising Radiation
13 Carpal tunnel syndrome Work involving the use of
hand held vibrating tools
31 Cancer of the urinary tract Work with beta-
naphthylamine

Calculation of Injury IncidenceCalculation of Injury Incidence
RatesRates
Number of Reportable Accidents
Average number employed during year
100,000

Injury Rates Top Ten 1996/97Injury Rates Top Ten 1996/97
1
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
1
Per 100,000 employee
Coal
Extraction of minerals
Railways
Food
Postal/Telecom
Manuf Minerals
Metal Manuf
Transport
Repairs
Manuf motor vehicles
Average
Lowest
Engineering

Limitations of Accident DataLimitations of Accident Data
Under-reporting
cheating
interpretation of an accident e.g. do you report
physical contact or aggressive language?
Sample size is usually not statistically sound
one event can skew figures
long term trends take time to show
measurement of failure
ignore specifics e.g. tasks in an office compared
to a factory environment
often don’t consider hours worked

Typical Accident Investigation QuestionsTypical Accident Investigation Questions
1. Outline the immediate and longer term action that management should take
following a serious injury accident at work (8)
2. Outline the information that should be included in an accident investigation
(8)
3. Giving reasons in each case, identify FOUR categories of persons who may
be considered a useful member of an internal accident investigation team
(8)

First Aid at WorkFirst Aid at Work
RegulationsRegulations

Assessment of First Aid NeedAssessment of First Aid Need
In assessing need, employers need to consider:
workplace hazards and risks
the size of the organisation
the organisation's history of accidents
the nature and distribution of the workforce
the remoteness of the site from emergency medical
services
the needs of travelling, remote and lone workers
employees working on shared or multi-occupied sites
annual leave and other absences of
first-aiders and appointed persons

High Risk ConsiderationsHigh Risk Considerations
Where work involves particular risk (even if the number of
workers is low) e.g. work with hazardous chemicals or
machinery, first aid needs will be greater
Employers may need to :
provide a sufficient number of first-aiders so that someone is
always available to give first aid immediately following an
incident
train first-aiders in special procedures
inform the local emergency services, in writing,of the site
where hazardous substances or processes are in use
provide first-aid room(s)

Minimum Contents of AMinimum Contents of A
First Aid BoxFirst Aid Box
Guidance
1 Individually wrapped sterile adhesive dressings
2 Sterile eye pads with attachments
2 Triangular bandages
4 Safety pins
6 Medium sized sterile unmediated dressings
6 Large sterile unmediated wound dressings
2 Disposable Gloves
See ACoP
Remember Car Kits

Incident RecordingIncident Recording
date, time and place of incident;
name and job of the injured or ill person;
details of the injury/illness and what first aid was given;
what happened to the person immediately afterwards
(for example went home, went back to work, went to
hospital);
name and signature of the first-aider or person dealing
with the incident.
Accident Date

First-Aider CompetenciesFirst-Aider Competencies
First-Aiders need to be able to :
transport a casualty safely as required by the circumstances of the
workplace
recognise common major illnesses and take appropriate action
recognise minor illnesses and take appropriate action
maintain simple factual records and provide written information
to a doctor or hospital if required
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the
principles of first aid at work, in particular of:
the importance of personal hygiene in first-aid procedures
the legal framework for first-aid provision at work
the use of first-aid equipment provided in the workplace
the role of the first-aider in emergency procedures

Appointed PersonsAppointed Persons
Appointed Persons are NOT First Aiders :-
– Have a co-ordinating role
– Contact Emergency Services
– Replenished first Aid equipment
Appointed Persons may wish to know :
– what to do in an emergency
– cardio-pulmonary resuscitation
– first aid for the unconscious casualty
– first aid for the wounded or bleeding

First Aid Regulations 1981First Aid Regulations 1981
Duty of Employer to make provision for first aid
– assessment of need
– first aid materials, equipment and facilities
– first aid personnel
Duty of employer to inform employees of
arrangements
– information for employees
Duty of self-employed to provide first aid
equipment
Appendix 1 :
– Assessment of first aid needs checklist
Appendix 2 :
– First aid competencies

Typical First Aid QuestionsTypical First Aid Questions
1. Outline the factors to be considered when deciding the numbers of first-
aiders that may be required at the workplace (8)

PracticalPractical
InspectionInspection

Aim
♦ to undertake a workplace inspection
♦ note any hazards and the way they are controlled
♦ identify safe and unsafe working practices
♦ recommend appropriate and cost effective remedial action
♦ prepare a report identifying items requiring immediate
management action
Practical InspectionPractical Inspection

Practical AssessmentPractical Assessment
The inspection will take place of a work area and will :-
– Take up to 1 hour
Total marks 55%
The report to management
– Takes up to 1 hour.
– Identifies risk based priorities
– Legal breaches, Costs,
– Inform management of Recommendations
– Should be approximately 3 -4 pages long
Total marks 45%
Overall pass mark 60%

Hazard ObservationsHazard Observations
Range of issues identified = 5%
Number of hazards identified = 20%
Identification of immediate, and
where appropriate, long term
action =10%
Suitability of remedial action =20%
Total =55%

NEBOSH Practical AssessmentNEBOSH Practical Assessment
Candidates Name : Any Body Date of Assessment : 19 / 06 / 05
Place of assessment : XYZ Ltd Assessor : John Smith
Observations Comments Priority
List, Unsafe Practices and List any Immediate or Longer – term I M L
any Good practices action required
1.Cable from the OHP to power point on floor Remove the cable I
Is a tripping hazard Consider Redesign L
2.No segregation between Traffic and Pedestrians Erect speed limit signs I
Consider speed bumps M
3.Heavy items stored on high shelves (photocopy room) Remove / relocate items I
Redesign shelf units M
4.Shelves in Photocopy room very loose Secure to the wall I
Consider better design of shelving M
5. Fire signs, Extinguishers etc Very good practice No Action necessary n / a
etc, etc, etc

Report to ManagementReport to Management
Selection of topics for urgent
management action =10%
Consideration of cost
implications = 5%
Identification of breaches and
legislation = 5%
Presentation =10%
Effectiveness in convincing
management to take action =15%
Total =45%

NEBOSH CertificateNEBOSH Certificate
Practical Assessment ReportPractical Assessment Report
I am writing further to an inspection of the WATA Training Centre, on _______ 2000 which took
no
more than an hour, my report is as follows :-
Training Room Cable
The cable from the OHP presents a tripping hazard, from which a visitor or employee
could fall and severely damage themselves, this could lead to prosecution of the
company and perhaps to individuals. In addition to which the injured person may sue
the
company or individuals. Should this happen, the insurance premiums could rise and the
insurance company impose extra controls.
This would be a breach of the Workplace (Health Safety and Welfare) Regulations
Recommendation
Immediately remove the cable at a cost of £150. In the long term consider re – designing
The location of the power point
NEXT HEADING
Produce a paragraph at the end to prioritise all the hazards observed

Common / Civil Law QuestionsCommon / Civil Law Questions
Define the term ‘Negligence’ (2)
– What the reasonable prudent person would not do OR what the
reasonable prudent person would have done in the circumstances
Outline the possible defences available to employers in cases of alleged
negligence (6)
– No Duty owed
– Duty owed no negligent act
– Negligent act but couldn’t have caused harm etc
– Contributory negligence
– Volenti non fit injuria
– Facts speak for themselves

Vicarious LiabilityVicarious Liability
a) State the circumstances in which an employer may be held
vicariously liable for the negligence of an employee (2)
– Negligent Act
– In course of employment
b) Outline the legal duties placed on employers to help to ensure
that employees behave in a safe manner (6)
– Duty of Care
– HSW Act
– Management Regulations
– PPE Regs,

Common Law NegligenceCommon Law Negligence
 Define the term ‘Negligence’ (2)
– What the reasonable prudent person would not do OR what the reasonable
prudent person would have done in the circumstances
Outline the Three standard conditions that must be met for an employee to
prove a case of alleged negligence against an employer (6)
– Was a Duty of Care (Neighbour Principle) snail in the bottle case
– Duty was broken
– Damage injury or loss was result of the breach

Differences between Civil / Criminal LawDifferences between Civil / Criminal Law
Explain the Differences between civil and criminal Law (8)
Common LawCommon Law
Evolved through “precedents”
Safe Working Environment
‘Safe Systems of Work’
Governs relationships between Individuals
Law of “Contract”
Law of “ TORT” (Negligence)
Can Sue in the County (Civil) Court for
Compensation
Loss or harm suffered
Insurance available
Proof = Balance of Probabilities
Statute LawStatute Law
Laws made by Parliament
Governs Relationship between Individual
and the State
Acts and Regulations
(Direct Legislation)
Best course of action for the Community
Crime
Prosecute, Imprisoned in Magistrates or
Crown courts
No loss necessary
No Insurance available
Proof = Beyond Reasonable Doubt

Typical Statute Law Questions 1Typical Statute Law Questions 1
1. Explain using TWO examples the meaning of the term ‘so far as is reasonably
practicable’ (8)
2. Outline the general duties placed on employees by ;
– the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 (4)
– the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 (4)
3. State the duties of the employers to employees under s2 of the Health and Safety at
Work Act 1974 (8)
4. With reference to the Health and Safety at Work act 1974, outline the duties of persons
in control of premises towards Non-employees (8)
5. Outline the main duties under Section 6 of the health and Safety at Work Act 1974
placed upon manufactures, suppliers and importers of substances for use at work
(8)

Typical Statute Law QuestionsTypical Statute Law Questions
1. a) Outline the general duties placed on employees by section 7 and 8 of the Health
and Safety at Work Act 1974 (6)
b) Outline a specific duty placed on employees by the management of Health and
Safety at Work Regulations 1999 (2)

Typical Inspector Powers QuestionsTypical Inspector Powers Questions
1. Outline the powers given to Health and Safety Inspectors under the Health and Safety at
Work Act 1974 (8)
2. Explain the action an Enforcement Officer could take when it is believed that an
organisation has failed to comply with the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 (8)
3. a) Explain the difference between an ‘Improvement Notice’ and a ‘Prohibition Notice (4)
b) What are the penalties for contravention of such notices by an employer (4)
4. Explain, using an example in each case, the circumstances under which a health and
safety inspector may serve :
1. An Improvement Notice (4)
2. A Prohibition Notice (4)
5. Outline the effect on the notice of appealing against EACH type of enforcement notice(4)

Typical Management Regs QuestionsTypical Management Regs Questions
1. Outline the general requirements of the Management of Health and Safety
at Work Regulations 1999 (8)
2. State EIGHT requirements of the Management of Health and Safety at
Work Regulations 1999 (8)
3. a) Explain the meaning of the term ‘Competent Person’ (4)
b) Outline FOUR checks that could be made to assess competence
(4)

Typical Risk Assessment QuestionsTypical Risk Assessment Questions
1. Explain with examples the meaning of the terms:-
• Hazard (4)
• Risk (4)
2. a) Outline the HSE ‘5’ Steps to risk assessment (6)
b) Explain the importance of risk assessment (2)
3. Outline the factors that should be considered in a risk assessment as
required by the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations
1999 (8)
4. In relation to the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulation 1999
a) explain the meaning of the term ‘suitable for and sufficient’ (2)
b) Outline the changes in circumstances that may require a risk
assessment to be reviewed (6)

Typical Workplace Regulations QuestionsTypical Workplace Regulations Questions
1 Outline FOUR requirements of the workplace(Health , Safety and Welfare)
Regulations 1992 (8)
2. Outline the welfare requirements for the employee under the Workplace
(Health and Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 (8)
3. Outline the factors that should be considered when assessing the adequacy of
lighting in EITHER ;
A vehicle maintenance workshop
Or
An office containing DSE (8)

Typical Signs QuestionsTypical Signs Questions
1. State the shape and colours of the following types of Safety Signs and give
a typical example of each :
Prohibition (2)
Warning (2)
Mandatory (2)
Emergency escape or First Aid (2)

Typical Human Body QuestionsTypical Human Body Questions
1. a) Define the term ‘Target Organ within the context of occy’ health (2)
b)Outline the personal hygiene practices that should be followed to reduce
the ingestion of a hazardous substance (6)
b) Describe the body’s respiratory defence mechanism against atmospheric
dust (6)
2. a) List THREE respiratory diseases that could be caused by exposure to
dust at work (3)
b) Describe the body’s respiratory defence mechanisms against
atmospheric dust (7)
c) Outline the control measures that may be used to eliminate or reduce
dust in a work environment, using practical examples where appropriate
(10)

Typical COSHH QuestionsTypical COSHH Questions
1. a) outline the factors that should be considered when carrying out an assessment as
required by the COSHH Regulations (6)
b) Outline the relevance of HSE Guidance EH40 ‘Occupational Exposure Limits’ (2)
2. a) Explain the differences between an occupational exposure standard (OES) and a
maximum exposure limit (MEL) (6)
b) Give an example of a substance in each type of occupational exposure limit (2)
3. Outline the information that employees should receive when there is a risk that their work
will exposure them to a substance hazardous to health (8)
4. Identify the information that should be included on a hazard Data Sheet supplied with a
hazardous substance (8)
5. a) Explain the term ‘dilution ventilation’ (3)
b) Describe the circumstances under which dilution ventilation would be appropriate (5)
6. a) Draw a labelled sketch of a local exhaust ventilation (LEV) system showing the main
components (6)
b) Give TWO practical examples of where a LEV system could be used (2)

Typical Accident Causation QuestionsTypical Accident Causation Questions
1. Describe the types of human error that can lead to accidents in the
workplace (8)
2. a) Explain using examples, the differences between the ‘cause of
accident’ and the ’cause of injury’ (4)
b) Explain why an understanding of the differences referred to above is
important when investigating accidents (4)
3. a) Explain the differences between immediate causes and the root
(underlying causes) of an accident (4)
b) with reference to an accident involving an operator who comes into
contact with a dangerous part of a machine, Describe;
• The possible immediate causes ; and
• The possible root (underlying ) causes (16)
4. a) Identify the types of hazard that may cause slips and trips at work (4)
b) Outline how the hazards in (a) might be controlled (4)

Typical DSE QuestionsTypical DSE Questions
1. Outline the requirements of the DSE Regulations 1992 (8)
2. a) Outline the possible risks to health associated with the use of DSE (4)
b) Explain how the risks in (a) may be minimised (4)
3. a) Explain the meaning of the term ‘Ergonomic’ (2)
b) Outline the Main factors to be considered in an ergonomic assessment
of a workstation to be used by an operator of a Visual Display Screen Unit
(DSE) (6)
4. List factors that should be taken into account when assessing the suitability
of a workstation for the user of the visual display unit (8)

Typical Communications QuestionsTypical Communications Questions
1. Outline the sources of information that could be consulted when
developing a Safe System of Work (8)
2. Outline the various methods of communicating health and safety
information to the workforce (8)
3. Outline the reasons that may prevent a verbal instruction being
clearly understood by an employee (8)
4. Outline the various ways in which a Safety Policy Document could
be communicated to the workforce (8)

Typical Training QuestionsTypical Training Questions
1. Outline the main health and safety topics to be included in an
induction training programme for new employees (8)
2. Outline how health and safety training needs can be identified (8)
3. Outline the events that may create a need for additional health
and safety training within an organisation (8)
4. Outline the factors to be considered when preparing and
presenting a health and safety training session (8)
5. Explain why induction training is important in the prevention of
accidents (8)
6. Outline the issues that should be included in a training
programme for employees on the emergency action to take in the
event of a fire (8)

Typical Safety Reps and Committee QuestionsTypical Safety Reps and Committee Questions
1. a) Explain the circumstances under which an employer must form
a Health and Safety committee (2)
b) Give reasons why a Health and Safety Committee may be
ineffective (6)
2. Outline the functions of a safety representative as stated in the
Safety Committees Regulations 1977 (8)
3. With regards to the Safety Representatives and Safety Committee
Regulations 1977 ;
1. Explain the occasions when a safety representative is legally entitled to
inspect the workplace (6)
2. Describe the facilities that an employer may need to provide to safety
representatives (2)

Typical Fire QuestionsTypical Fire Questions
1. Explain the methods of heat transfer that cause the fire to spread (8)
2. Outline the main requirements of a safe means of escape from a building in
the event of a fire (8)
3. Outline the precautions that should be taken when storing and handling
flammable solvents in small containers (8)
4. Outline the factors that should be considered when preparing a procedure
to deal with a workplace emergency (8)
5. a) Explain with a suitable sketch the meaning of the fire triangle (4)
b) List the sources of ignition that may cause a fire to occur giving an
example of EACH (4)

Typical Radiation QuestionsTypical Radiation Questions
1. a) Outline the possible effects on health arising from exposure to
ionising radiation (4)
b) Outline the main principles of control for ionising radiation(4)
2. a) Explain the difference between ionising and non-ionising
radiation (3)
b)Describe the health effects associated with exposure to non-
ionising radiation (5)

Typical FLT QuestionsTypical FLT Questions
1. Outline the hazards and the corresponding precautions to be taken
when charging batteries for fork lift trucks (8)
2. Outline the main hazards of the fork truck operation (8)
Hazards Precautions
Weight Define danger areas/Prohibition
Untrained operators Train Operators
etc

FLT Q1FLT Q1
1. List the ways in which a fork lift truck may become unstable
whilst in operation (8)
Too fast around corners
Unstable load

Fork Lift TruckFork Lift Truck
1. List EIGHT rules to be followed to minimise the risk
of Fork Lift Trucks overturning (8)
Eight Rules Could be :-
1.      Adequate Training
2.      Competent persons
3.      Speed restrictions
4.      Stacking control
5.      Preventing the use of forward tilt
6.      Good road surfaces (maintenance)
7.      Risk Assessment of working environment
8.      Truck maintenance
9.      Load compatibility to truck
10.    Loading protocol

Typical Slinging QuestionsTypical Slinging Questions
1. Outline the precautions that should be taken during lifting operations with a
mobile crane (8)
2. Outline the procedure for the safe lifting of a load by the crane, having
ensured that the crane has been correctly selected and positioned for the
job (8)

Typical Transport QuestionsTypical Transport Questions
1. Outline the main precautions to be taken to ensure the safe transport of
hazardous substances by road (8)
2. Outline measures to be taken to prevent accidents when pedestrians are
required to work in vehicle manoeuvring areas (8)

Typical Manual Handling QuestionsTypical Manual Handling Questions
1. a) List TWO types of injury that could result from poor Manual Handling techniques
(2)
b) Outline the general strategy that an employer is required to take to reduce the risk of
injury from manual handling operations in the workplace (6)
2. a) Define the term ‘Manual Handling’ (2)
b) List THREE categories of injury that could be caused by the incorrect manual handling
of loads (3)
c) Outline practical measures designed to reduce the risk of injury from manual handling
activities at work (15)
4. a) List TWO types of injury that may be caused by the incorrect manual handling of loads
(2)
b) Outline a good handling technique that could be adopted by a person required to lift a
load from the ground (6)
5. a) List the main factors to be considered in the making of an assessment under the
Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 (4)
b) Outline practical risk reduction measures in relation to manual handling (16)

Typical Machinery QuestionsTypical Machinery Questions
1. List EIGHT types mechanical hazards associated with machinery as described in BS EN
292 (8)
2. List EIGHT non – mechanical hazards associated with machinery (8)
3. Provide sketches to show clearly the nature of the following mechanical hazards from
moving parts of machinery :
a) Entanglement (2)
b) Crushing (2)
c) Drawing in (2)
d) Shear (2)
4. In relation to machinery safety, outline the basic principles of EACH of the following types
of safeguard :-
a) Fixed guard (2)
b) Interlocking guard (2)
c) Automatic guard (2)
d) Trip device (2)

Typical Maintenance QuestionsTypical Maintenance Questions
1. a) Identify the specific hazards associated with routine maintenance of
machinery (4)
b) Outline how such hazards may be controlled (4)
2. Describe the practical measures that must be taken to ensure maintenance
work is undertaken safely in an enclosed storage tank (8)
3. Identify FOUR mechanical hazards presented by Pedestal drill and outline
in EACH case how injury may occur (8)

Typical PUWER QuestionsTypical PUWER Questions
1. Describe the general hierarchy of measures for safe guarding of dangerous
parts of machinery as required by the Provision and Use of Work Equipment
2. List the main requirements of the Provision and Use of Work Equipment

Typical WRULD’S QuestionsTypical WRULD’S Questions
1. Outline the factors to be considered when assessing risks to the health of a
user of DSE (8)
2. Outline the possible risks to Health and Safety faced by the operator of a
pneumatic drill (8)

Typical Electricity QuestionsTypical Electricity Questions
1. a) Outline the main electrical hazards arising from work on a construction
site (4)
b) Describe the precautions that should be taken to minimise these hazards
(4)
2. a) Describe the function and limitations of a fuse as an electrical protection
(6)
b) Explain TWO advantages that a residual current device (RCD) has over
a fuse (2)
3. Describe the principles of operation of the following types of electrical protection :
a) Earthing (4)
b) Reduced voltage (4)
4. List the items that should be included on an inspection checklist designed to ensure the
safety of portable appliances (8)
5. a) Outline the dangers associated with electricity (4)
b) Outline the emergency action to take if a person suffers a severe electrical shock
(4)

Typical Construction QuestionsTypical Construction Questions
1. Outline EIGHT precautions that may be taken to ensure the safety of
children who might be tempted to gain access to a construction site (8)
2. Prepare a check list for the inspection of a mobile tower scaffold prior to
use (8)
3. a)Sketch a labelled diagram of a putlog scaffold indicating its principal
safety features (5)
b) List the inspection requirements of all erected scaffolds (3)
4. In relation to safe access for construction work above ground :
a) Identify by means of a labelled sketch, the component parts of an
independent tied scaffold (10)
b) outline the precautions that should be taken when using a ladder as a
means of access to the scaffold (10)

ConstructionConstruction
1. Outline the precautions that should be taken when using mobile cranes (8)
2. a) Outline FOUR ways in which a person may be injured when using a ladder
at work (4)
b) List the precautions that should be taken to ensure the safe use of Ladders
(4)

Typical Demolition QuestionsTypical Demolition Questions
1. List the hazards that may be encountered during the demolition of a multi –
storey building (8)
2. Outline the main precautions when carrying out demolition work (8)

Typical Contractor QuestionsTypical Contractor Questions
1. Prepare a check list for the safe use of suspended access equipment, such
as a window cleaning cradle (8)
2. a) outline FOUR duties placed upon a PRINCIPLE contractor by the
Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 1994 (4)
b) List FOUR factors that should be considered by a PRINCIPLE contractor
when assessing the health and safety competence of a sub – contractor
(4)

Typical CDM and Control of ContractorTypical CDM and Control of Contractor
QuestionsQuestions
1. Outline FOUR duties under the Construction (Design and Management )
Regulations 1994 of EACH of the following persons:
a) The Client (4)
b) The Planning supervisor (4)
2. a) Outline FOUR duties placed upon a PRINCIPLE contractor by the CDM
Regulation (4)
b) List FOUR factors that should be considered by a Principle contractor
when assessing the health and safety competence of a sub – contractor
(4)

Typical Noise QuestionsTypical Noise Questions
1. Outline the possible effects on health from exposure to noise (8)
2. a) Describe the TWO main types of personal hearing protection (4)
b) Identify FOUR reasons why personal hearing protection may fail to
provide adequate protection against noise (4)
3. a) Explain the meaning of the term ‘dB (A)’ in relation to noise
measurement (2)
b) Outline the following methods of noise reduction, giving ONE practical
example of each :
a) Absorption (3)
b) Isolation (3)
4. Explain the meaning of the following terms in relation to noise control :-
1. Silencing (2)
2. Absorption (2)
3. Damping (2)
4. Isolation (2)

Noise Attenuation MethodsNoise Attenuation Methods

Typical PPE QuestionsTypical PPE Questions
1. Outline the factors to be considered in the correct selection of respiratory
protection equipment for use at work (8)
2. a) Explain the difference between Breathing apparatus and Respirators (2)
b) Describe one type of breathing apparatus and state the limitations of its
use (6)

Nebosh nat general cert 4 (1)

Recommandé

Recommandé

Contenu connexe

Tendances

Tendances (20)

Similaire à Nebosh nat general cert 4 (1)

Similaire à Nebosh nat general cert 4 (1) (20)

Dernier

Dernier (20)

Nebosh nat general cert 4 (1)