2.  In Ayurvedic classical text garbini
lakshanas are described under two
headings they are
1.Sadyo grhita garba laksana
2.Vyakta garba laksana

3. Sadyo Grhita Garba Laksana
 Tatra sadyogrhita graba lingani – srama glani
pipasa saktisadanam sukrasonita avabhandha
spuranancha yoni sus.sa.3/11
 Nistivika gourava angasada tandra praharsa
hrdaya vyaktha tripti bijagrahanam cha yoni
grabasya sadyo anugatasya lingam cha.sa.2/23

5.  Artava adarsana (amenorrhoea),
 Anannabhilasa (loss of desire for
food),
 Cardi (vomiting without any reason),
 Arocaka (anorexia),
 Amlakamata (desire for sour tasted
food)
 Sraddha pranayana ucchavacesu
bhavesu (liking of all type of food-
both wholesome and unwholesome),
 Gurugatrata(heaviness in body),

6.  Caksu glani (weakness of eyes),
 Stanyo stanyam (appearance of breast milk)
 ostayo stanamandala atyarta karsnata
(excessive blackish discolouration of lips and
areola)
 Padayo svayathu(oedema in pada)
 Esat lomaraji udgama (linea nigra
appearance)
 Yoni caatalata (vaginal dilatation)

7.  Appearance of
Montgomery tubercle
in the areola
 Abdominal stria

9. There are three stage for diagnosing
pregnancy
 First trimester (first 12 weeks)
 Second trimester (13-28 weeks)
 Last trimester (29-40 weeks)

10. Cessation
of
menstruat
ion Morning
sickness
frequenc
y of
urination
Appetite
changes
Breast
symptom
s

11.  Morning sickness  frequency of
urination

12. Increased size
and vascularity.
Increased
pigmentation
of the nipple.
Appearance of
areola.
Appearance of
dilated
sebaceous
glands in
areola.
Expression of
colostrum.
Size : enlarged.
consistency : soft.
Shape : globular.
Hegar sign
Palmer sign
Leucorrhea
Increased vaginal
discharge.
Chadwick‘s sign:
Bluish
discoloration of
the vagina and
cervix.
Goodell‘s sign:
Cyanosis and
softening of the
cervix at 4 weeks

14. Amenorrhea
Morning
sickness and
urinary
symptoms
gradually
decrease .
Quickening
• 18-20 weeks in
primigravida
• 16-18 week s in
multipara.
Abdominal
enlargement.

15. 1. Breast changes become more evident.
2. The uterus is abdominally felt.
3. Braxton Hicks contractions; intermittent
painless contractions detected by
abdominal examination.
4. Internal ballottement : elicited at 16 week ,
it can be demonstrated by pushing the
fetus through the anterior fornix using 2
fingers.
5. External ballottement : elicited at 20 week
through abdominal examination.
6. Palpation of the fetal parts and palpation of
fetal movements by the obstetrician at 20
weeks.
7. Auscultation of the F.H.S. at 20- 24 weeks by
pinard‘s fetal stethoscope.

16. Increased pigmentation of the nipple and lry areo

17. AuscultationPalpation

18. Sure Signs
of
Pregnancy
Palpation of
foetal parts &
its movements
Auscultation
of foetal heart
sounds
The
occasional
auscultation
of the
umbilical
(funic) souffle
USG detection
of foetal parts,
movements
and heart
movements

20.  Pregnancy tests
 Urine pregnancy tests
 Serum pregnancy tests
 ELISA test
 Ultrasonography

21.  HCG in the
urine or
Detection of
serum .

22.  Classically it becomes +Ve 7- 10 day
after 1st missed period
 Commercial testing kits are available
that are sensitive to 25 iu/L in urine.
 By the time the mother has missed her
first menstrual period, her hCG levels
are around 100 iu/L.

23.  Classically it becomes +Ve 5- 7 days
before 1 st missed period
 A quantitative serum HCG assay level of
> 5 iu/L will usually denote a pregnancy.
 With a normal intrauterine pregnancy,
the hCG level doubles approximately
every 36-48 hours.

24.  can detect pregnancy starting from
48 hours after the missed period.

25. Vaginal:
 Gestational sac : 4 weeks.
 One fetal pole : 5 weeks.
 Two fetal poles : 6 weeks.
 Fetal heart activity : 7 weeks.
Abdominal:
 The previous findings can be
detected one week later.

26. The clinical diagnosis of pregnancy at
times becomes easy but there are
occasion where the diagnosis poses a
problem.
 Pseudocyesis
 Cystic ovarian tumor
 Fibroid
 Encysted peritonitis
 Distended urinary bladder

27. Pseudocyesis Cystic
ovarian tumor
Fibroid Encysted
peritonitis
Common
symptoms
•Cessation of
menstruation
•Enlargement of
abdomen
•Intestinal
movement
•Secretion from
breast
•Swelling of
abdomen
(month wise
growth)
•Slow growing
of tumor
•Amennorrhea of
longer duration
Differential
Diagnosis
•Pregnancy test
negative
•Ultrasound test
diagnosis shows
negative
•Amenorrhea
is absent
•Feels cyst
•Pregnancy
test negative
•USG shows
absence of
foetus
•Amenorrhea
is absent
•Feels hard
mass
•Pregnancy
test
•USG shows
absence of
foetus
•Swelling is ill
defined
•Pregnancy test
•USG shows
absence of foetus