Introduction to Guidance and Counselling

1. BY
SUMBUL FATIMA
B.Ed(Hons)
University of Education

2. GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING
 Guidance and counselling are twin concepts and
have essential element of any educational activity .
 Guidance and counselling are synonymous terms.
 Counselling is a part of guidance.

3. Definition of Guidance by different
proponents
 Definition of guidance (Ruth Strang):
Guidance is a process of helping any individual,
through his own effort to discover and develop his
potentialities for his personal happiness and social
usefulness.
 According to Harman and Erikson:
Guidance is an assistance made available by
competent counsellor to an individual of any age to
help him direct his own life, develop his own point of
view, make his own decision and carry his own burden.
 In educational context it means to indicate, point
out show the way, lead out and direct.

4. Definitions of counselling by
different proponents
 According to Glenn F.Smith:
Counselling is an essential process in which counselor
assist the counselee to make interpretations
of facts relating to a choice, plan or judgment which he
need to make.
 According to Carl Rogers:
Counseling is a series of direct contacts with the
individual which aim to offer him assistance in offering
him assistance in changing his attitude and behavior.
 Counselling is a specialized service of guidance. It is
the process of helping individuals learn more about
themselves and their present and possible future
possible situations to make a substantial contributions
to the society.

5. Comparison between Guidance
and Counselling
GUIDANCE COUNSELLING
 Guidance is broader and
comprehensive.
 Its more external helps a person
to understand alternative
solutions available to him,
understand his personality and
choose the right option.
 Intellectual attitudes are the raw
materials of guidance.
 Decision making is practicable
at an intellectual level in
guidance.
 Guidance is generally education
and career related and may also
be from personal problems.
 Counselling is in depth and
narrow.
 It helps people to understand
themselves and is an inward
analysis Alternative solutions are
proposed to help understand the
problem at hand.
 Emotional rather than
intellectual attitudes are raw
materials of counselling.
 Counselling operates at an
emotional level.
 Counselling is mostly offered to
personal and social issues.

6. Objectives of Guidance
 To coordinate all the activities of all the workers such as a
teacher, medical service staff members, school social- workers
and the activities of a person providing guidance etc.
 To assist developing higher attitude towards school activities,
 To assist children adapting according to the school traditions
and rules-regulations of the school.
 To assist children in developing their physical and emotional
stability.
 Finding out problems regarding adjustment in the school and
to control them.
 Making children self-dependent.
 Objectives of creating the feelings of cooperation in the
children.

7.  Making children ready for crossing over from primary
school to next higher stage.
 Supplying various information’s to children regarding
higher stage such as curriculum of next higher classes and
distribution of booklets regarding various school functions
among the children and their parents.
 Guiding young people to adopt fair and realistic decisions
about the opportunities they have in terms of educational
and vocational route on which to build a successful career.
 Students will acquire the attitude, knowledge and skills
that contribute to effective learning in schools and life
spans.
 The students will understand the relationship of academic
to the world of work and life at home and in community.

8. Principles of Guidance
 All around development of an individual.
 Principals of individual’s differences.
 Guidance is related to every aspects of life.
 Cooperating among persons.
 Guidance is a continuous and lifelong process.
 Guidance for all.
 Principles of elaboration.
 Responsibilities of parents and teachers.
 Flexibility
 Principles of evaluation.
 Guidance by a trained person.
 Principle of periodic appraisal.

9. Members of a counselling team
and their responsibilities
 Administrator: (to arrange different sessions between students
and counsellors at the hour of need.)
 Principal/ dean: (to keep check and balance of all the activities
and seek for the better results and assure the faculty to represent
positive feedback.)
 Counselling liaison officer (to develop a worthy trusty
relationship towards his clients specially showing his great and
sincere concern with students of teen age.)
 Deputy Chief of counselling section (as he is responsible for
arranging his counsellor staff with their individual potential
differences ,with a great care in the matter of their professional
expertise and checking out the results on regular basis of his staff’s
performance.)
 Counselling personnel /counsellor (build a strong healthy,
trusty and friendly environment between the counselee)

10.  Vocational guidance and counsellor (to guide and
advise the clients to use their time in an effective activity
and wrathful skill of their interest for their improvement in
life span.)
 Teacher/faculty of different department
/specialties.(as they have interaction with students on
daily basis so they know about their interests ,positive and
negative aspects in their behavior or personality so they
can guide the students more effectively with the help or
supervision of specialties from different departments )

11.  Hostel warden/ Librarian (often some students live in hostels
and some used to spend their time in library so as they are under
the focus of hostel wardens and librarian in that case both of
them are familiar and may have personal interaction of each
other so it could be also helpful to have counseling or guidance
services from them because counselee is far away from his
belonging and after a period of time he feels comfortable with
them and so he can follow their advices and understand his
infirmities without any hesitation before them and also share
his problems).
 Student’s representatives ( you cannot make any decision
without knowing the point of view of both parties so counsellor
or guider should also listen carefully the problems of students
they can be emotionally ,socially or psychologically disturbed
and counsellor have to find out that solutions after that they
should gave their expert opinions and solutions).

12.  Parents (parents are the basic elements in the
counselling sessions sometimes due to neglecting
their child or may be often quarrel between them
and other families problems and imposing their
own decisions on their child without knowing,
considering their interests, child had to suffer
great and also sometimes in their separation so
parents have to admit their faultier to acquire
positive feedback toward their child.)