laying of sewer line, material used in construction, complete process of sewer line laying in rampur city of uttar pradesh.

1. SUMMER TRAINING
LAYING OF SEWER LINE
RAMPUR SEWERAGE SCHEME ZONE (V)
UTTAR PRADESH JAL NIGAM, A U.P GOVT. UNDERTAKING
CONT: M/s LARSEN & TOUBRO

2. RAMPUR
 Small city in the north western zone of Uttar Pradesh.
 Population of almost 2,80,000.
 Ramganga, a subsidiary of Ganga River passes through the city.
 Approximately 11,000 million liters per year waste water from
Rampur is directly disposed into Ramganga river which is
indirectly transferred to Ganga river.
 Under the new development scheme of Uttar Pradesh
government, the state will make around 200 small/ big sewage
treatment plants in the near future.
 Works have started in major cities like Agra, Moradabad, Rampur,
Varanasi and many more.

3. BASICS
 Worked as an industrial trainee under Uttar Pradesh Jal Nigam
for a tenure of almost 6 weeks.
 To lay 14.5 km sewer line throughout rampur.
 Construction of 5 mld sewage treatement plant based on SBR
( sequential batch reactor) technology.
 Initial project cost: 58 crores
 Project tenure: 14 months
 Contractor: M/s Larsen & Toubro

4. SCHEMATICS

5. PLANT
 Based on SBR technology. Maximum capacity of 5mld
 SBR tech provides highest treatment efficiency in a single step
biological process
 No additional settling unit or secondary clarifier is required.
 SBR technology has a good operating flexibility and control
 Due to its compact design, it requires very less area as
compared to other conventional STP’s.
 Highly economical, eliminates the cost of clarifiers and other
equipment.

6. ZONE V
 Zone V was a 4.5 km stretch
 With the help of population forecasting for the next 30 years,
the discharge was calculated and according to that the
diameter of the pipes used and design capacity of the plant
was selected
 Manning's equation was used
to determine the required slope.
 With the help of the equation and discharge to be carried a
slope of 1:800 was to be provided in the 4.5 km stretch
 This implies that for every 800m a drop of 1m was to be given.

7. SPECIFICATIONS
• As per the design, pipe selected were of 2.5m in length and
600mm in diameter.
• For the zone V stretch of 4.5 km , if we do the math…….
• No of pipes needed = 1800 pipes
• For the slope of 1:800, each pipe would go a 3mm drop .

8. PIPES
• Made of Reinforced cement concrete as per Indian Standards
• Pipe length= 2.5m
• Inner diameter = 600mm
• Thickness = 85mm
• Head thickness = 85mm
• Total thickness at the head = 85+85+600 =770mm
• Total thickness at tail = 600+85 = 685mm
ADVANTAGES:
• Equally efficient in handling tension & compression
• Long service period
• Can be casted of desired strength

9. PROCESS
Approach, population forecasting, design & calculations
Taking
levels
Excavation
Bedding material, ramming, laying of pipes, joining of pipes
Manholes, filling back the trench

10. LEVELS
• Simple Auto Level and a telescopic staff were used
• Levels were taken for
1. Natural ground level
2. Depth of trench
3. Top of bedding material
4. Top of pipe surface

11. EXCAVATION
• Use of Komatsu excavator with a bucket capacity of 1 cubic
meter to dig trenches
• 30-40 cm spacing on either side of pipe is ensured for the
labors to work
• If depth of trench marginally increases use of telescopic
excavation is done for economical purposes.

12. SHORING BOX
• Stabilizes the trench walls from collapsing
• Can withstand high earth pressure and drastically reduces the
probability for any accident due to trench wall instability
• Helps protect adjacent structures and their foundations
• Helps in controlling GW seepage thus aiding in progress of work

13. MOULD AND MATERIAL
• To provide a strong base for the pipe a concrete mix of
192mm height was provided
• Wooden mould: 1x1m with 192 mm depth
• Bedding material was being prepared in a electrical concrete
mixer
• Mix used was of 1:2:4 ratio i.e. 1 part of cement with 2 part of
sand and 4 parts of coarse aggregate.
• Material was prepared by a handful of labors not too far away
from the excavation site.

14. PROCESS

15. PLACING OF PIPES
• After bedding material was placed readings were taken to
ensure correct bed depth else more ramming was done to
ensure that.
• Pipes were lifted and placed with the help of excavators
• Placed on the bed and then readings were again taken of the
top of pipe after joining with the existing section
• Readings were taken to ensure the 3mm drop per pipe
• The pipes were pressed by the help of excavator to make any
changes in the readings

16. PROCESS

17. JOINTS
• Pipes were sealed with the help of a rubber gasket
• Rubber gasket provides adequate water tight sealing solution.
• External sealing was done with jute ropes dipped in liquid
cement solution.
• Jutes ropes are cheap, easily available and no additional
skilled labor is required for the job
• The cement dipped jute rope hardens with time to provide
excellent sealing properties.

18. MANHOLES
• In the Zone V manholes were provided at every 30m interval.
• Manholes are basically provided when
• Change in diameter
• Change in alignment
• Change in slope
• Maintenance purposes
• Manholes are also used as inspection chambers .
• In case of clogging of the pipe manholes play a important role
in making the line operational again.
• In Zone V, the manholes were constructed by the masons.

19. MANHOLES

20. ADDITIONALS
• Other than on site work, I was also introduced to rate analysis
of the work, the charges , contractor profit sums etc.
• All the readings of the level were carefully noted in a
maintained register.
• All the calculations were done mostly on site by the Junior
Engineer from both L&T and U.P Jal Nigam.
• The materials used were also inspected thoroughly by the
engineers on site before use to ensure quality.

21. SAFETY
• Complete barricading of the road was done with TIN sheets
and plastic tapes so as to provide a safe environment both for
the workers and traffic around the site
• Caution boards, sign plates, night flood lights were used as
additional safety features.
• Safety jackets safety boots and safety helmets was must for
every worker on the site.

22. CONCLUDING……
• Introduced to the process of design of sewerage scheme for a
town or a city
• Developed a good skill in taking readings from the auto level
• Learnt how to lay sewer pipes
• Also learnt about site safety and precaution measures
• Learnt about use of moulds, shoring boxes, manholes etc.
• Was also introduced to office rate analysis work
• Learnt how to maintain a measurement book
• At last It was a good learning environment as it helped me
improving my skills.

23. THANK YOU