important aspects

3. POLLUTION
• Air, Water, Soil, Sound, Thermal, Nuclear and
Marine.
Def.: Pollution is undesirable changes in our
surrounding the have harmful effect on plants,
animals and human beings.

4. Air Pollution
Causes
• Industrial smoke
• Vehicle
• Crackers

5. Effects
• Respiratory : cough ,sputum sneezing, asthma
and bronchitis.
• Hematological : Hb + Co =
no space for oxygen.
• Eye, ear and skin diseases : Particle deposition

6. Effects ct.
• Accidents : smog = smoke +fog.
• Plants , animals and birds ; Diseases , reduce
growth.
• Global warming : decrease O3.
Melt ice – floods.
• Material : damage surface of building, soil,
vehicle.

7. Prevention and control measures
• Natural : Sunlight, wind and rain. Sunlight- hot
air leads flow of air =wind.
• Artificial : Promote quality of vehicle and fuel.
Use CNG.
• Use renewable sources. Decrease use of fossils
and firewood.

8. Prevention and control measures ct.
• Use renewable sources. Decrease use of fossils
and firewood.
• Keep industry away from public places.
• Plantation
• Legal action (Air pollution prevention and
control act.)

9. Water pollution
Causes
• 1. Sewage and domestic waste
• 2. Untreated agriculture
and industrial waste.
• 3. Thermal pollution.
• 4. Sea waste

10. Effects of water pollution

11. Prevention and control
• Water treatment plant
• Sewage treatment plant
• Solid waste treatment
• No washing of animals, vehicles and cloths
• Plantation
• Rightly use of water.

12. Soil Pollution
• Causes:
• Agriculture –repeated cultivation, fertilizers
and pesticide use and deforestation.
• No or over watering or heavy rain fall.

13. Prevention and control of soil pollution
• Develop vegetative coverage by grass or plants
• Use biological fertilizers.
• Rain water management

14. Prevention and control of soil pollution
• Alternate crops in farm
• Construct small dams ,
• ponds and lakes
• Well water drainage system.

15. Noise pollution
• Def. : Wrong sound at wrong time, at wrong
place and for wrong person
• Sound measured in desibal Db
• Outdoor- vehicles, factory,
• Indoor- electronic gadgets-TV, Mobile and
computer
• Noise level: Train 90db , Orchestra 100 Db
, Air craft 120dB

16. Effect of noise
• Auditory and non-auditary.
• Temporary and permanent.

17. Effects of noise pollution
• Deafness
• Changes in circulatory system-
Increase HR,BP.
• Psychological- Irritability,
anxiety and stress.
• Interference in communication
• Accident- On road and
working place.

18. Noise control techniques
• Reduce noise source
• Block the noise
• Increase length from source to user.
• No Dolby
• Protect the person – ear muffs

19. Solid waste management
• Source : home , school, work place, public
places and industries.
• Types: Hazardous and non –hazardous
Problems
• Health
• Pollution

20. Prevention and control measure
Six “R”
• Refuse
• Reuse
• Recycle

21. Prevention and control measure ct.
• Remedies: incineration,
composting & dispose
• Regulation
• Research

22. Disaster management
Natural
1. Flood
2. Earthquake
3. Cyclone
4. Land slide
5. Drought

23. 1. War
2. Accidents
3. Poisoning
4. Pollution

25. Social issues and environment
• Water shortage
• Displacement of people
• Waste land
reclamation
• Global warming

26. Water shortage
Causes
• Over use
• Pollution
• Deforestation

27. Measures
• Rain water harvesting
• Water shed management
• New technology: drip/ sprinkle irrigation

28. Measures ct.
• Reuse of water : kitchen garden
• Reforestation / plantation
• Right use of water
• River connect project
and irrigation

29. Displacement of people
• Reasons : Dam, mines, highway, parks & …
• Effects : loss of home, farm, live stock, culture
• Management :
• Convince to people before shifting.
• Help for settlement- work, financial support,
education and residence.
• Cultural support measures.

30. Waste land reclamation
• Reasons: over watering, over cultivation,
commercial use and non-using land
• Management
• Identify place and problem
• Rightly use of land : multistoried building
• Remove toxins and add nutrients

31. Green house effect

32. Global warming
• Causes : Pollution, deforestation– reduce O3
• Effects : Ice melt, affect life of livings
• Measurement :
• Actions for prevention and control of
pollution.

33. Environmental Protection Acts
Central and state boards
• Need
• Adopt healthy life style
• Public awareness- Prevent ill-legal activities
• Environmental impact assessment (EIA)

34. Environmental Protection Acts
• Protect nature and human
• Take legal action on defaulters
• Take legal permission to start industry.
• Conduct research –use less harmful material

35. Problems in EIA
1. Corruption
2. Lack of laws
3. Lack of proofs
4. Unaware about environmental laws
5. Minor punishment
6. Poor law control system
7. Lack of moral and ethical control

36. IMP terms
• Intellectual property right (IPR)
• Cancer cities : pollution effects
• Animal rights : no cruelty
• Role of technology- information & save
resources

37. Gender equity
• Gender equity : Woman, she, female
• (who is superior ?)
• Equal rights and responsibilities.
• Be respectful to each other.