In this we tried & eliminated pathogens with low antibiotics. The withdrawl period of milk is decreased. Treatment is of low cost. Easily applicable in field condition....

1. Successful Management of Delayed
Case of Mastitis in Cow
Surendar A.P
MVN 15030
VMD(P)
Dept. of Veterinary Preventive Medicine,
Veterinary College and Research Institute,
Namakkal-637002.
Guided by Dr.K.M.Palanivel Ph.D

2. History of chronic inflammatory swelling in the udder
since 10 days.
The cow was locally treated by a practising veterinarian
for a week.
History revealed all four quarters was swollen, change of
milk colour and declined milk production.

3. General Appearance : Normal
Behaviour : Mild Straining
Conjunctival Mucous Membrane : Pink & Moist
Temperature : 39.1° C
Examination of Udder
Swollen quarters with curdy milk in yellowish nature, in Fore
quarters.
Milk with flakes in reddish nature in Hind quarters.
Milk pH to all the four quarters was above 7.6.

5. FQ- L
HQ-L
FQ- R
HQ-R
FQ-L FQ-R
HQ-L HQ-R

6. LHQ RHQ
pH test

7. Steps taken to reduce udder pH using…..
Oxytocin
Metronidazole
Normal Saline

8. Oxytocin

11. Followed by
3% Potassium Permanganate – Udder wash
40 mg Tolfenamic acid – 15 ml intramuscularly
10 mg Chlorphenaramine malate – 10 ml intramuscularly
Inj. VITADE – 10 ml intramuscularly

14. Wash the udder with 3% Potassium Permanganate
before and after milking.
Personal Hygiene
> Clean hands
> Nail clipped while milking.
Wash the animal completely with 3% Poatassium
Permanganate once a week

15. Discussion

16. What’s mastitis ?
• Inflammation of one or more quarters of the udder
Normal Inflamed
Swelling
pain
warm
redness
Mammae = breast
-itis = Latin suffix for
inflammation

17. What’s the significance of
bovine mastitis?
• Causes significant economic
losses to the dairy industry in the
India
• Rs 1,390/cow/year
• 6000 crores/year
The most
costly
disease
affecting
dairy cattle
throughout
the world
cull Rip

18. What are the health concerns of
mastitis ?
• Animal health
o Loss of functional quarter
o Lowered milk production
o Death of cow
• Human health
o Poor quality milk
o Antibiotic residues in milk

19. How severe can mastitis
be ?
• Subclinical
Mastitis
o ~ 90 -95% of all mastitis
cases
o Udder appears normal
o Milk appears normal
o Elevated SCC (score 3-5)
o Lowered milk output (~
10%)
o Longer duration
• Clinical Mastitis
o ~ 5 - 10% of all mastitis
cases
o Inflamed udder
o Clumps and clots in milk
o Acute type
• major type of clinical
mastitis
• bad milk
• loss of appetite
• depression
• prompt attention needed
o Chronic type
• bad milk
• cow appears healthy

20. What causes mastitis ?
• Bacteria ( ~ 70%)
• Yeasts and molds ( ~ 2%)
• Unknown ( ~ 28%)
 Physical
 Trauma
 weather extremes

21. Where do these organisms
come from ?
• Infected udder
• Environment
o bedding
o soil
o water
o manure
• Replacement animals

22. BACTERIA
Streptococci
• Environmental
o S. uberis
o S. dysgalactiae
o S. equinus
• More subclinical
mastitis
• Environment
• Predominant early
and late lactation
• Contagious
o S. agalactiae
• Clinical mastitis
• Cannot live
outside the udder
• Treated easily
with penicillin
“Streps”
“Environmentals”
“Environmental
Strep”
Field
language

23. Staphylococci
• Staph. aureus
o Spread by milking equipment and milker’s
hands
o Persistent, difficult to eliminate
o If unattended leads to chronic mastitis
• Other Staph
o Found normally on skin
o Lowers milk yield
o Elevated SCC
o Easily responds to antibiotics
o Relapse frequently seen
Field
language
“Staph”
“Staph.
Mastitis”

24. Coliforms
• Groups of organisms
• E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter
• Environmental source (manure,
bedding, barns, floors and cows)
• Coliforms cause acute clinical mastitis
o high temp, and inflamed quarter
o watery milk with clots and pus
o toxemia
J-5 vaccine

25. Other Organisms
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa
o outbreaks of clinical mastitis
• Serratia
o outbreaks of clinical mastitis
• Corynebacterium pyogenes
• Fungi
• Candida
• Mycoplasma bovis

26. How does mastitis develop ?
• Cow
o Predisposing conditions
• Existing trauma (milking machine,
heat or cold, injury)
• Teat end injury
• Lowered immunity (following calving,
surgery)
• Nutrition
• Organisms
• Environment
Environment
Organism
Cow

27. Process of infection
Organisms invade the udder through
teat canal
Migrate up the teat canal and colonize the
secretory cells
Colonized organisms produce toxic substances
harmful to the milk producing cells

28. The cow’s immune system send white blood cells
(Somatic cells) to fight the organisms
recovery clinical subclinical

29. How is mastitis
diagnosed ?
• Physical examination
o Signs of inflammation
o Empty udder
o Differences in firmness
o Unbalanced quarters
• Cow side tests
o California Mastitis test
o Surf Mastitis test

30. How do you treat mastitis ?
• Clinical mastitis
o Strip quarter every 2 hours
o Oxytocin valuable
o high temp, give aspirin
o Seek veterinary assistance
o Treatment with penicillins
• Subclinical mastitis
o Questionable
Attitude adjustment !!!!!!
Don’t expect SCC to go down(4-5
weeks )
Discard milk from treated cows

31. Reducing Udder pH in Infected
quarter
TRI SODIUM CITRATE
• Oral dose of 30gm in 250 ml of water, daily for three days.
• Intravenous administration in normal saline at 5% given
morning and evening 50ml.
• This treatment was safe, economical, very effective, avoided
culling and discarding of milk with the minimal pain to the
animal. Moreover, there is no withdrawal periods and hazards
from residual problems in milk and meat

32. THE 10 STEPS TO MASTITIS CONTROL
• ONE: Prepare cows properly for milking
o Udder preparation is pre-dipping with a dip labeled for pre-dipping. Pre-dips lower the
risk of new infections by 70% .
o Pre-dips
• Iodophors 0.0 -1.0 %
• Chlorhexidine 0.2%
• Quats 0.5%
• LDBSA 0.2%(linear dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid)
• Hypochlorous acid
• Bleach
o Use single service paper towels, dry teats before machine-application.
• TWO: Have a good milking system
o Milking equipment should be adequate in size, functioning properly, and regularly
cleaned and maintained
o Correctly use proper functioning milking machines and properly prepare udders
• Attach teat cups after thorough cleaning and drying of teats
• Provide stable vacuum
• Check for slipping of teat cup liners
• Shut of vacuum before removing teat cups.

33. • THREE: Apply and remove machine carefully
o Properly adjust to prevent liner slippage.
o Remove machine when cow is milked out, shut off vaccum at claw before
removal.
• FOUR: Dip each teat after each milking using a germicidal teat dip.
o Post-dips seal the teat ends temporarily for 6 to 8 hours
o A must for long term mastitis control program
• FIVE: Monitor your mastitis score (SCC, WST) regularly. Take action when
significant increases occur.
• SIX: Treat clinical cows, follow label recommendations, treat aseptically. Withhold
treated cows' milk from milk supply.
• SEVEN: Segregate chronic mastitis cows, milk them last, cull when necessary.
o cows with chronic mastitis serve as reservoirs of organisms and could infect
susceptible cows

34. • EIGHT: Dry treat each quarter using partial insertion techniques with an approved
dry cow treatment at drying off.
o Cure rate is twice high as that during lactation
o Lowers the risk of clinical and subclinical mastitis during subsequent lactation
• NINE: Keep cows clean, udders free from soil and manure.
o Fence off wet, swampy areas.
o Keep free stalls and stanchions bedded properly.
o Keep calving areas clean, properly bedded (straw preferred).
• TEN: Properly feed and care for cows.

35. Summary
• Mastitis is primarily a management problem
• Mastitis can be controlled
• Prevention programs work best when correctly followed