Unit 2

Absolutism Enlightenment Constitutionalism

UNIT INTRODUCTION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

ILLUSTRATED DEFINITION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

RELIGIOUS WARS CONTINUE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

PEACE IN FRANCE? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

RELIGIOUS PROBLEMS IN ENGLAND ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

SPAIN - ARCHENEMY OF ENGLAND ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

30 YEARS WAR ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Peace of Westpahalia - ends 30 Years War Allows multiple Christian faiths in Germany Ends HRE - leaves FR dominant power on continent

[object Object],This happened during the wars of religion throughout Europe. This led to Absolutism!

FRANCE - THE MODEL OF ABSOLUTISM ,[object Object],[object Object],The Bourbons were the best examples of 17th C Absolutism Especially Louis XIV Absolutism - ruler has total control Tied to 'divine right of kings' Louis XIII and Louis XIV - were both young boys when they became king, so both had ministers that ruled for them Louis XIV Louis XIII

LOUIS XIII ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

LOUIS XIV ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Louis XIV shocked everyone, including his mother & is a strict ruler Established a strict routine & seldom deviated Known as the SUN KING

King Louis XIV ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Increasing (Absolute) Powers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

NEED MORE MONEY!! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1715 - Louis XIV dies Leaves France deep in debt & surrounded by enemies

PRUSSIA (think Germany) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

How does Prussia gain power? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

AUSTRIA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

RUSSIA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Nicknamed - Ivan the Terrible Ruthless Killed his own son 1598 - Ivan IV died 'Time of Troubles' begins virtual anarchy

ROMANOV DYNASTY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

BACK TO ENGLAND ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Immediate Trouble... 1. James believes in Divine Right 2. Clashes with Parliament

CHARLES I ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

ENGLISH CIVIL WAR ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Oliver Cromwell - Prime Minister (PM) & military genius Created & led New Model Army Known as Roundheads Made up of Extreme Puritans Parliament Won!!

CROMWELL'S ENGLAND ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

THE RESTORATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Parliament introduces the Exclusion Bill An attempt to bar James from the throne Long debate in Parliament 1681 - Charles II dismissed Parliament (no vote on bill!!)

JAMES II ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1688 - has a SON!!!!

THE GLORIOUS REVOLUTION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Toleration Act of 1689 - granted Puritans, but not Catholics the right to freely worship

SOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

THOMAS HOBBES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Believed life was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short" People are selfish - need absolute monarchy to control chaos

John Locke ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Scientific Revolution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

What people believed prior: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Nicolas Copernicus ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Johannes Kepler ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Galileo Galilei ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Isaac Newton ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Francis Bacon ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object]

Montesquieu ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Rousseau ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Voltaire ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Philosophes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Philosophes 'Reform movement' ,[object Object],[object Object]

Enlightened Rulers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Prussia Russia Catherine the Great - favored Enl. reforms but expanded serfdom Austria Maria Theresa - worked to centralize empire and end serfdom not open to reform Joseph II - est. equality before the law

How can you be enlightened & absolute? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Issues of the time ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

7 Years War ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

More War ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],CONSTITUTIONALISM! (the belief that the gov't contract should be written down, making clear what powers were given to whom)

English Constitutionalism is caused by: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

America - influenced by the Enlightenment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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