The Wars of Independence quiz covered various independence movements and wars around the world: - The first question was about Daniel Ortega of Nicaragua who initially overthrew a dictatorship but later became a dictator himself. - Other independence movements covered included those of Ireland, Ghana, Indonesia, Mozambique, Venezuela, Bosnia, Texas, and Vietnam. - Significant events discussed were the Easter Rising in Ireland, the Srebrenica massacre in Bosnia, and uprisings/rebellions in Nigeria, India, Mexico, and Greece. - The quiz concluded with questions about the Chittagong Armory Raid led by Surya Sen in British India and the movie made about it by

1. Wars of Independence

2. • 20 questions
• 1st 10 questions Anti-Clockwise
• Next 10 questions Clockwise
• Partpoints are Quiz-Master’s discretion
• Some mosquitoes were harmed during the preparation of the set
• Feedbacks are always welcome

3. 1) A leftist, he was the face of the Revolution in his country which ended the
dictatorship of Anastasio Somoza DeBayle in 1979. In 1984 General election,
he became the president by an overwhelming majority of 67% votes. Those
days he introduced many popular measures like land reforms, reforming the
electoral processes to make it more fair and transparent, massive literacy
drive etc. He lost the general elections in 1990 and after a 16 year gap came
back to power in 2006 with political adjustments as he had only 38% votes,
and has been there ever since. However his second innings was marred with
huge controversial, notorious actions like removing the term limits for
presidency, controlling the press, curtailing freedom, iron fist actions against
protestors (like Mother’s day Massacre) which attracted organisations like
Amnesty International etc.
a) Identify this person who became a dictator himself after overthrowing
one?
b) Which country’s story?

5. Daniel Ortega ; Nicaragua

6. 2) This monument was first found by name in Indian Literature when three
Princes of Mughal Dynasty - Bahadur Shah Zafar’s sons Mirza Mughal and
Mirza Khizr Sultan and grandson Mirza Abu Bakht were executed here during
First War of Indian Independence. As per records, a British Soldier, Major
William Hodson stripped them naked, tortured them mercilessly and shot
them at point blank range in full public view.
During the riots of 1947, more bloodshed occurred when several refugees
going to the camp established in Purana Qila were killed here.
In recent times, it gained more notoriety when in 2002, a medical student
(nah not 2012) was raped here in an incident which was discussed in
Parliament after huge uproar.
ID

8. Khooni Darwaza

9. 3)
The Irish war of Independence was fought from 1919 to 1921 between Irish
Republican Army and British security forces in Ireland. The Anglo-Irish treaty
which was subsequently signed on 6 December 1921 ended British rule in
most of Ireland, and the Irish Free State was created as a self-governing
dominion on 6 December 1922 with Northern Ireland remaining within
United Kingdom.
Five years before, in the last week of April 1916, the Irish Republicans had
launched an uprising against the British. Although it was crushed after a
week of fighting, it was this rising and the British response which led to
greater popular support for Irish independence.
By what name is this April 1916 uprising Popularly known?

10. Easter Rising/ Easter Rebellion
-The rising began on Easter Monday, April 24

11. 4)
•Often considered to be the first case of mass genocide in this continent
since World war – II, over 8000 mens and boys were murdered, 25000
women and girls as young as 7 were raped and sexually assaulted here.
•On September 2003, former US President Bill Clinton officially opened this
Genocide memorial (shown in picture).
•a) ID the location, of which a neighbouring city was the venue of a global
event almost a decade before this massacre?
•b) Which country was born out of a series of conflicts including the above
mentioned one?

13. •A) Srebrenica Massacre
•B) Bosnia-Herzegovina

14. 5)
•This is our PM paying homage at the Kalibata National Heroes War
symmetry when he visited this nation as a part of Tri-Nation visit in May
this year.
•More than 7,000 people who are military casualties and veterans from
this country’s War of Independence are buried there. This includes many
Japanese veterans of the Imperial Japanese Army who stayed in the
erstwhile Dutch colony after World War II of their own free will and
fought for the independence.
•Which Country?

16. Indonesia

17. 6)•The idea for such a memorial was first suggested by Reverend David Railton
had seen a grave marked by a rough cross while serving in the British Army
as a chaplain on the Western Front during WW1, which bore the pencil-
written legend " British Soldier".
•Soon this idea spread to other countries and they started creating their
own such memorials.
•One such memorial is shown in next slide. It was also chosen as the eternal
resting place of the concerned Nation’s President after his assassination in
1981.
•Its unfortunate that it was the same President who ordered its construction
a few years earlier (possibly the only case where a President constructed his
own burial ground :( )
•A) What is the generic name for such memorials and thus making the
president’s position in it ironic?
•B) Who is this unfortunate president?

19. •A) Tomb of the unknowns / Unknown memorial
(president was obviously not ‘unknown’)
•B) Egyptian President Anwar Saddat

20. 7)
The flag of this country is based on the flag of FRELIMO, the dominant
political party during its independence struggle. The war officially started on
September 25, 1964, and ended with a ceasefire on September 8, 1974,
resulting in a negotiated independence from Portugal in 1975. Since then
FRELIMO party has ruled the country.
a)ID this country?
b)In what sense is this country a member of an exhaustive list, the other
members being Guatemala and Haiti?

21. A) Mozambique
B) It is one of three national flags among UN member states, that features
a firearm

22. 8)
This country is the first Spanish American colony to declare its
independence. However it lasted for just a little over one year as they
surrendered to Spanish Captain Domingo de Monteverde in July 1812. They
again declared their independence under the leadership of their most
famous son in August 1813 only to fall at the hands of Jose Thomas Boves.
However the most famous son achieved Independence for his country in
1821, in process creating a federation of states (something like a mini USSR)
in this region. Finally in 1830 this ex-Spanish colony became a separate
independent country.
a) ID this country which till date is the only CONMEBOL nation never to
have qualified for FIFA world cup.
b) Who is this most famous son?

23. a) Venezuela
b) Simon Bolivar

24. 9)
•Shown in the next slide is a major oil painting by the French artist Eugène
Delacroix. The work is more than four meters tall, and shows some of the
horror of the massacre on this Greek island.
• The painting was completed and displayed at the Salon of 1824, two years
after the real-life incident and presently hangs at the Musée du Louvre in
Paris.
•The real life incident was the killing of tens of thousands of Greeks in this
island by the Ottoman troops during the Greek war of independence.
•The massacre provoked international outrage, and led to increasing support
for the Greek cause worldwide.
•ID

26. The Massacre at Chios

27. 10) There was an armed revolution from October 1835 to April 1836 against the
Centralist government of Mexico, following which a short lived republic
existed between March 1836 and February 1846. It was bordered by Mexico
to the west and southwest, the Gulf of Mexico to the southeast, the two U.S.
states of Louisiana and Arkansas to the east and northeast, and United States
territories encompassing parts of the current U.S. states of Oklahoma,
Kansas, Colorado, Wyoming, and New Mexico to the north and west.
The United states recognized this republic in 1837 and in 1846, the new
Republic surrendered their sovereignty by formally acceding to United
Status, in the process becoming the 28th state of USA.
ID this 28th state, annexation of which is the only case when a sovereign
nation acceded themselves to the US.

29. Texas

30. 11)
The Accra Riots started on 28 February 1948 in Accra, after a protest march
by unarmed ex-servicemen was broken up by police, leaving several leaders
of the group dead. Among those killed was Sergeant Nii Adjetey, who has
since been memorialized in Accra (see the image).
Today a National liberation day monument stands at this location (also the
country;s capital), to honor the martyrs of this protest.
This 28th february incident is considered to be the turning point in the
country’s quest for independence - the first Sub-Saharan African colony to do
so.
Which country?

32. Ghana

33. 12) ID A,B,C,D - there is a connection between
them
A - An African country which gained Independence in 1958 from France
following the rejection of Charles de Gaulle's Constitution of 1958
B - An African country which gained Independence after being suppressed
initially by Spanish colonists in 1968
C - An African country which gained Independence from Portugal in 1974
after a decade long armed conflict (probably the most brutal of the four)
D - An oceanic country which became Independent in 1975 after being ruled
by three external powers since 1884

34. A - Guinea
B - Equatorial Guinea
C - Guinea-Bissau
D - Papua New Guinea

35. 13) This island was named so on a certain day in 1643 by Captain William
Mynors, but human settlement started here in late 19th century only.
Till early 1942, this island was under British control. Since 1900, the island
had been mined for its phosphate, and at the time of the battle there was a
large labour force, consisting of 1,000 Chinese and Malays working under the
supervision of a small group of British overseers.
In the wee hours of March 11, 1942, a group of Punjabi troops (posted there
to oppose Japanese invasion), apparently believing Japanese propaganda
concerning the liberation of India from British rule, with the tacit support of
local Sikh police officers, mutinied, killing 5 British soldiers and imprisoning
the remaining 21 Europeans on this island. Later, on 31 March, a Japanese
fleet arrived at the island and without much resistance the Indians had to
surrender.
ID this island

37. Christmas Island

38. 14)
The painting on left is “Massacre of Korea” by Pablo Picasso.
The painting on right is the “Execution of Emperor Maximillian” of the short
lived Second Mexican Empire - work of Edward Monet.
Both these were inspired by another work. ID

39. The Third of May 1808 by Francisco Goya

40. 15)
In 1477, this region became a part of the 17 provinces of Habsburg. It
became the focal point in the rebellion by the natives against the Habsburg
during the Eighty Year war (1568-1648), probably due to its sovereign nature
in a larger federation. It became the cultural, political and economic centre
of the same federation. Gradually, many Europeans thought of the
federation, first as this region rather than as the federation itself.
What widely used misnomer could trace its origins to the above mentioned
piece of history?

43. 16)
The image on the next slide is that of Dang Thuy Tram, a doctor who was
killed at the age of 27 by US forces. Following her death, Frederic
Whitehurst, an American soldier, kept her diaries narrating the ordeal of the
last two years of her life with the intention of returning it to her family,
which he did decades later.
In 2005, her diaries were published under the title Nhật ký Đặng Thùy Trâm
(Đặng Thùy Trâm's Diary (Last Night I Dreamed Of Peace)). In less than a
year, the volume sold more than 300,000 copies and comparisons were
drawn between Trâm's writings and that of Anne Frank.
Which country is this lesser known Anne Frank from (or) which country’s
independence struggle does her diaries describe about?

45. Vietnam

46. 17)
In 1817, a battle was fought under the leadership of Baxi Jagabandhu of
Odisha against the British raj. However it was crushed within two months.
Nevertheless many historians argues that this battle is the actual First war of
Indian Independence instead of the more popular version 40 years later.
In the 2017 Budget session, Finance Minister Arun Jaitley announced the
government’s intention to commemorate the war in its 200th anniversary. A
few months later the then President of India, Pranab Mukherjee, formally
inaugurated the bicentenary celebration of the same.
Just ID this battle

47. Battle of Paika/ Paika Rebellion

48. 18)
This book which was published in United Kingdom in 1938 describes the
author’s (a prominent literary figure) personal account of his experiences
and observations in the Civil war that was going on in another country. He
himself took part in the war representing the republicans who ultimately
lose to a military dictator in 1939. Democracy was restored in that country in
1975 after the death of the said dictator. This book though narrates the
ordeal of only a specific region within the same country.
ID the author and the non-fiction political literary work (6,2,9).

51. 19)
The unification of this region with it's now independent geographical
counterpart has been an issue raised since the mid-nineteenth century. The
geographical counterpart in the question, had it's Independence declared in
1975 only to be annexed by a neighbouring nation in the following year.
After restoring Independence in 2002 (thereby becoming the first new
sovereign state in the 21st Century), it joined the UN in September the same
year.
ID the region and it's geographical counterpart in the question

53. West Timor and East Timor

54. 20) Is an Indian Historical war drama film directed by Bedabrata
Pain, a NASA scientist who resigned to make this film. It stars Manoj
Bajpayee in the lead role and is based upon a little known saga in 1930,
when a group of Independence fighters led by Surya Sen (played by Manoj
Bajpayee) made an attempt to raid the armoury of police and auxiliary forces
at the armoury located in Bengal Presidency of British India
(now in Bangladesh). They failed to locate ammunition but did succeed in
cutting telephone and telegraph wires and disrupting train movements.
Surya Sen was later captured after receiving a tip off from an insider and was
executed on 12th January 1934.
This movie won the 60th National Film Award for the Best Debut Film of a
Director.
FITB (both blanks are same)