HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that attacks the immune system, the body's natural defense system. Without a strong immune system, the body has trouble fighting off disease. Both the virus and the infection it causes are called HIV. Prepared By : AFC Shah Zeb Khan Student of ICAP for CA. at RAET PAC Lahore. Also Student of BS Botany at University of Sargodha.

1. HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
HIV
PreparedBy :
AFCShahZeb KhaN(UOS)

2. What is HIV ?
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus
that attacks the immune system , the body's
natural defense system. Without a strong
immune system, the body has trouble
fighting off disease. Both the virus and the
infection it causes are called HIV.

3. Types of HIV:
 HIV-1
which causes almost all the cases of AIDS
worldwide
 HIV-2
which causes an AIDS-like illness. HIV-2
infection is uncommon in North America.

4. Origin of HIV:
Left to right: the African green monkey source of SIV, the sooty
mangabey source of HIV-2, and the chimpanzee source of HIV-1

5. How HIV Spreads?
 A Mother to her Baby
 Sharing Drug needles
 Sex and Kissing with Affected
 Sharing drinking glasses
 Blood Donation by Affected

6. Common early symptoms :
 Fever
 SoreThroat
 Headache
 Muscle aches and Joint Pain
 Swollen glands (swollen lymph nodes)
 Skin rash

7.  Symptoms may appear from a few days to
several weeks after a person is first infected.
The early symptoms usually go away within 2
to 3 weeks.
 After the early symptoms go away, an
infected person may not have symptoms
again for many years. After a certain point,
symptoms reappear and then remain.

8. symptoms That Re-appear:
 Swollen lymph nodes
 Extreme tiredness
 Weight loss
 Fever
 Night sweats

9. Tests for HIV :
 Viral load, which shows the amount of virus
in your blood.
 CD4+ cell count, which shows how well your
immune system is working.

10. AIDS vs HIV
 White blood cells are an important part of the immune system. HIV
infects and destroys certain white blood cells called CD4+ cells. If too
many CD4+ cells are destroyed, the body can no longer defend itself
against infection.
 The last stage of HIV infection is AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome). People with AIDS have a low number of CD4+ cells and get
infections or cancers that rarely occur in healthy people. These can be
deadly.
 But having HIV doesn't mean you have AIDS. Even without treatment, it
takes a long time for HIV to progress to AIDS—usually 10 to 12 years.
 When HIV is diagnosed before it becomes AIDS, medicines can slow or
stop the damage to the immune system. If AIDS does develop,
medicines can often help the immune system return to a healthier state.
 With treatment, many people with HIV are able to live long and active
lives.

11. Prevention :
 Don't share personal items
 Don't drink alcohol
 Never share needles or syringes
 Practice safer sex

12. Thanks…