This presentation will start with essential of operating systems, and then deep dive into mobile OS example such as famous Android operating system.

1. Opera&ng
Systems
essen&als
&
Android
OS
By
Mohamed
Taman
JCP,
Java
Champions,
Hacker,
Speaks
Java,
Chief
of
Architects
&
So9ware
Development
Manager,
Mobile/
Web
Architect,
internaBonal
speaker,
IoT
Geek,
Author.
Cairo,
Egypt.
@_tamanm
about.me/mohamedtaman

2. Announcement
Get
it
from
:
1-­‐
hOps://
www.packtpub.com/
web-­‐development/
javafx-­‐essenBals
2-­‐
hOp://
www.amazon.com/
JavaFX-­‐EssenBals-­‐
Mohamed-­‐Taman/dp/
1784398020

3. Why
we
need
Opera&ng
System?
We
have
hardware.
We
have
applicaBons.
We
need
to
interact
with
those
components.

4. What
is
the
Opera&ng
System?

5. What
is
an
Opera&ng
System?
• Manages
computer
hardware
and
so9ware
resources
and
provides
common
services
for
computer
programs.
• EssenBal
component
of
the
system
so9ware
in
a
computer
system.
• ApplicaBon
programs
usually
require
an
operaBng
system
to
funcBon.
• It
is
found
on
many
devices
that
contain
a
computer
—from
cellular
phones
and
video
game
consoles
to
web
servers
and
supercomputers.

6. What
is
an
Opera&ng
System?
-­‐
con&nued
• Is
the
program
that,
a9er
being
iniBally
loaded
into
the
computer
by
a
boot
program,
manages
all
the
other
programs
in
a
computer.
• The
other
programs
are
called
applicaBons
or
applicaBon
programs.
The
applicaBon
programs
make
use
of
the
operaBng
system
by
making
requests
for
services
through
a
defined
applicaBon
program
interface
(API).
• Users
can
interact
directly
with
the
operaBng
system
through
a
user
interface
such
as
a
command
language
or
a
graphical
user
interface
(GUI).

7. EssenBal
OS
tasks
Common
features
• Process
management
• Interrupts
• Memory
management
• File
system
• Device
drivers
• Networking
• Security
• I
/
O

8. Types
of
opera&ng
systems
• Single-­‐
and
mulB-­‐tasking
• Single-­‐
and
mulB-­‐user
• Distributed
• Templated
• Embedded
• Real-­‐Bme

9. Popular
modern
OSs
• Android,
BlackBerry,
BSD,
Chrome
OS,
iOS,
Linux,
OS
X,
QNX,
Microso9
Windows,
Steam
OS,
Windows
Phone,
and
z/OS.
• First
eight
of
these
examples
share
roots
in
UNIX.
• Popular
hard
real-­‐Bme
operaBng
systems
include
FreeRTOS,
Micrium
and
VxWorks.

10. Opera&ng
system
performs
these
services
• The
OS
determines
which
applicaBons
should
run
in
what
order
and
how
much
Bme
should
be
allowed
for
each
applicaBon
before
giving
another
applicaBon
a
turn.
• It
manages
the
sharing
of
internal
memory
among
mulBple
applicaBons.
• It
handles
input
and
output
to
and
from
aOached
hardware
devices,
such
as
hard
disks,
printers,
and
dial-­‐up
ports.
• It
sends
messages
to
each
applicaBon
or
interacBve
user
(or
to
a
system
operator)
about
the
status
of
operaBon
and
any
errors
that
may
have
occurred.
• It
can
offload
the
management
of
what
are
called
batch
jobs
(for
example,
prinBng)
so
that
the
iniBaBng
applicaBon
is
freed
from
this
work.
• On
computers
that
can
provide
parallel
processing,
an
operaBng
system
can
manage
how
to
divide
the
program
so
that
it
runs
on
more
than
one
processor
at
a
Bme.

11. Different
types
of
mobile
OS’s
Mobile
OS
Symbian
OS
iPhone
OS
RIM
BlackBerry
Windows
Mobile
Linux
Palm
OS
Android

12. Android
as
an
Opera&ng
system

13. Agenda
• IntroducBon
Of
Android
OS
• History
Of
Android
OS
• Open
Handset
Alliance
(OHA)
• RevoluBon
In
Mobile
Experience
• Features
Of
Android
OS
• Global
OS
Share
2014
• Versions
Of
Android
• Android
L
• Android
RooBng
• Android
VS
Other
Mobile
OS
• LimitaBons
Of
Android
OS
• Facts
&
Figures
About
Android
• Future
Scope
Of
Android
• Reference

14. Introduction of Android OS
• Android
is
a
Linux-­‐based
operaBng
system
and
so9ware
plajorm
for
smart
phones,
tablets
and
now
smart
watches
(Android
Wear).
• Android
is
one
of
the
most
widely
used
mobile
OS
these
days.
It
is
a
powerful
operaBng
system
supporBng
a
large
number
of
applicaBons.
• Android
applicaBons
are
wriOen
in
java
and
C
programming
language.
There
are
around
13,00,000
applicaBons
available
for
Android.
• In
such
a
short
span
of
Bme
the
growth
of
android
market
is
fabulous.
The
ease
of
use
coupled
with
the
convenience
and
entertainment
factor
have
been
key
features
of
this
technology.

15. Android
devices
comes
in
all
kinds
of
sizes,
features
and
prices.
Each
version
of
android
is
named
a9er
a
desert,
and
the
most
recent
being
the
Android
5.1
Lollipop.
Millions
of
people
use
Android
because
it’s
so
powerful
yet
so
easy
to
use.
The
home
screen,
applicaBons,
widgets
all
are
simple
to
use
right
out
of
the
box,
but
completely
customizable.
With
Android
you
can
create
a
unique
mobile
experience
that’s
just
right
for
you.
Introduction of Android OS

16. History
of
Android
OS
• Android
was
founded
by
a
company,
named
Android
Inc.
in
Palo
Alto
of
California,
U.S.
in
2003
whose
founder
was
Andy
Rubin.
• Early
intenBons
of
the
company
was
to
develop
an
advanced
operaBng
system
for
digital
cameras,
but
then
it
was
realised
that
market
for
such
devices
was
not
large
enough
so
they
diverted
their
aOenBon
to
producing
a
Smartphone
operaBng
system.
• Android
was
then
acquired
by
the
Google
in
2005
for
US50
million
$
and
unveiled
its
distribuBon
in
2007
with
formaBon
of
Open
Handset
Alliance
led
by
Google.
• The
first
commercially
available
phone
to
run
Android
was
the
HTC
Dream,
released
on
October
22,
2008
With
Android
Version
1.0

17. Open
Handset
Alliance
(OHA)
The
Open
Handset
Alliance
(OHA)
is
a
group
of
companies
Which
are
allowed
to
use
source
code
of
Android
and
develop
applicaBons.
The
OHA
was
established
on
6
November
2007,
led
by
Google
with
47
members
including
mobile
handset
makers,
applicaBon
developers
and
chip
makers.
In
OHA
group
companies
are
allowed
to
use
source
code
of
Android
and
develop
applicaBons
according
to
the
needs
of
customers.
Major
group
members
of
OHA
group
is
Google
,
HTC,
Sony,
Dell
,
Intel,
Samsung,
Nvidia,
LG
etc.

18. Features
of
Android
OS
Android
supports
wireless
communicaBon
using
o 3G
Networks
o
4G
Networks
o
802.11
Wi-­‐Fi
Networks
o
Bluetooth
ConnecBvity
Android
runs
on
many
devices
of
different
companies
which
are
member
of
OHA.
User
gets
millions
of
applicaBons
for
free
that
any
other
OS
users
cannot
get.
Interface
that
is
beOer
than
the
previous
touch
screen
mobiles.

19. Features of Android OS
MulBtasking
,
MulB-­‐touch
,
Modern
web
browser
,
Smart
NoBficaBon
Centre.
Android
applicaBons
also
developed
in
JAVA
and
C/C++
language.
Android
supports
advanced
audio/video/sBll
media
formats
such
as
MPEG-­‐4,
H.264,
MP3,
and
AAC,
AMR,
JPEG,
PNG,
GIF,
MKV,
AVI

20. Global OS Share 2014
84.70%
11.70%
2.50% 1.10%
Android
Ios
Windows
Others

21. Versions of Android OS
Android
Beta
and
Android
1.0
(September
23,
2008)
Android
Cupcake
1.5
(April
30,
2009)
Android
Doughnut
1.6
(September
15,
2009)
Android
Éclair
2.0-­‐2.1
(October
26,
2009)
Android
Froyo
2.2
(May
20,
2010)
Android
Gingerbread
2.3
(Dec
6,2010)

22. Versions of Android OS
Android
Honeycomb
3.0
(February
22,
2011)
Android
Ice
Cream
Sandwich(ICS)
4.0
(November
14,
2011)
Android
Jelly
Bean
4.1-­‐
4.3
(June
27,
2012)
Android
KitKat
4.4
(September
3,
2013)
Android
Lollipop
5.0–5.1.1
(June
25,
2014)
Android
M
developer
preview
2
(May
28,
2015)

23. Android M
• Android
"M"
is
the
working
Btle
of
an
upcoming
release
of
the
Android
mobile
operaBng
system.
• First
unveiled
at
Google
I/O
on
May
28,
2015.
• Will
focus
primarily
on
incremental
improvements
and
other
feature
addiBons.
• More
on:
hOps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_M

24. Android
Roo&ng
Android
Roo&ng
is
the
process
of
allowing
users
of
devices
running
Android
OS
to
aOain
privileged
control,
also
known
as
root
access,
of
their
android
system.
It
is
performed
with
the
goal
of
overcoming
limitaBons
that
manufacturers
put
on
their
devices,
resulBng
in
the
ability
to
replace
device’s
operaBng
system
or
perform
other
operaBons
that
are
otherwise
inaccessible
to
a
normal
android
user.
Many
manufacturers
have
tried
to
make
“unrootable”
devices
with
harsher
protecBons
but
they
are
usually
sBll
rootable
in
some
way.
There
may
be
no
root
available
for
a
new
device,
but
one
is
usually
available
in
a
few
weeks.

25. Android
OS
Vs
Other
Mobile
OS
Android
IOS
Windows
Phones
Apps
13,00,000+
12,50,000+
4,00,000+
Widgets
Yes
No
(except
in
noBficaBon
centre)
expandable
Live
Tiles
Expandable
storage
Yes
No
Yes
Programmed
in
C,
C++,
Java
C,
C++,
ObjecBve-­‐C
-­‐
Swi9
C,
C++
,
C#
Customizability
Yes
Limited
Limited
Available
on
Many
phones
and
tablets
(HTC
,
Samsung
,Sony
,
LG
and
other)
iPod
Touch,
iPhone,
iPad,
Apple
TV
Limited
(Nokia,
HTC,
Samsung
&
other)
Latest
Version
Used
Android
5.1
Lollipop
September
2014
8.4
July
2015
Windows
Phone
8.1
February
2014

26. Limita&ons
of
Android
OS
• Android
requires
an
acBve
internet
connecBon.
At
least
there
should
be
a
GPRS
internet
connecBon
so
that
the
device
is
ready
to
go
online
according
to
our
needs.
• ApplicaBon
in
the
Android
phones
can
easily
be
obtained
and
for
free,
but
the
consequences
in
each
of
these
applicaBons,
will
always
be
ads
on
display,
either
the
top
or
boOom
of
the
applicaBon.
• Android
operaBng
system
has
a
lot
of
"process"
running
in
the
background
that
lead
to
the
quick
baOery
drains.
• Making
source
code
available
to
everyone
inevitably
invites
the
aOenBon
of
hackers
and
less
secure
than
other
mobile
OS.

27. Fact
&
Figure
about
Android
OS
• Android
powers
hundreds
of
millions
of
mobile
devices
in
more
than
190
countries
around
the
world.
• Every
day
more
than
1
million
new
Android
devices
are
acBvated
worldwide.
• Android
accounts
for
85%
of
the
Worldwide
Smartphone
OS
Market
as
of
July
2014.
• It's
the
largest
installed
base
of
any
mobile
plajorm
and
growing
fast—
every
day
another
million
users
power
up
their
Android
devices
for
the
first
Bme
and
start
looking
for
apps,
games,
and
other
digital
content.

28. Fact
&
Figure
about
Android
OS
• Android
users
download
more
than
1.5
billion
apps
and
games
from
Google
Play
each
month.
• Android
is
launching
all
the
versions
in
the
alphabeBcal
order.
• The
primary
source
of
income
from
Android
for
Google
is
only
mobile
adverBsements.

29. Fact
&
Figure
about
Android
OS
• Android
was
about
to
close.
A9er
the
company
was
founded,
it
became
difficult
for
the
founder
to
keep
it
floaBng
and
to
carry
out
daily
business
operaBons.
Steve
Perlman,
a
friend
of
Andy
Rubin,
saved
the
company
by
infusing
much
needed
funds.
• Microso9
considered
it
a
very
underrated
project
and
they
thought
that
android
cannot
make
a
big
hit.
• The
logo
of
android
was
inspired
from
a
character
of
1990’s
game
called
‘Gauntlet
-­‐
The
Third
Encounter’.
• Android
space-­‐
in
2010
a
BriBsh
satellite
firm
launched
a
nexus
S
into
space
which
controls
satellite
and
collects
informaBon.

30. Future
Scope
of
Android
OS
• Customers
are
always
demanding
something
new
and
innovaBve.
That’s
the
reason
all
companies
are
shi9ing
from
those
boring
phones
to
much
more
interesBng
android
phones
with
lots
of
new
exclusive
content.
• Google
launches
another
version
of
Android
that
starts
with
‘M’
because
Google
launches
all
its
android
versions
in
the
alphabeBcal
order
with
upgraded
and
new
features.
• More
future
development
of
smart
watches,
digital
cameras
and
other
devices
with
Android
OS.
There
are
chances
of
Android
becoming
the
widely
used
operaBng
system
in
world
in
almost
every
kind
of
technology.
• Mobile
Apps
development
industries
are
considering
Android
ApplicaBon
Development
as
one
of
the
best
remuneraBve
business
opportuniBes.

31. Future
Scope
of
Android
OS
• Android
introduced
some
innovaBve
and
new
features
with
every
new
version
and
try
to
overcome
it’s
drawback
in
previous
version.
• Many
companies
are
now
working
just
on
developing
android
based
applicaBons.
• There
has
been
an
unexpected
rise
in
the
demands
of
the
android
developers
and
this
demand
is
expected
to
increase
in
future.
• Future
of
android
is
beyond
imaginaBon.
There
seems
to
be
no
end
to
evolving
new
applicaBons
and
mobiles
using
android
technology.

32. Reference
hOps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OperaBng_system
hOp://www.steegle.com/google-­‐products/android-­‐101
hOp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_(operaBng_system)
hOp://www.moonmicrosystem.co.in/blog/future-­‐scope-­‐of-­‐android-­‐technology/
hOps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1gUQhN5joSQ
hOp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Handset_Alliance
hOp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RooBng_(Android_OS)
hOp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_L
hOp://www.in.techradar.com/news/phone-­‐and-­‐communicaBons/mobile-­‐phones/
Android-­‐L-­‐whats-­‐new/arBcleshow/38428404.cms

33. Thank
You