1. IT2032PA
Content Management
System (CMS)
Nitec in Social Media & Web Technology

2. Setting-up a Web Server
In this chapter, you will learn:
o Identify the system requirement to setup a web
server
o Identify the components needed to run a Content
Management System (CMS)
o Define the open source technologies used in the
development of CMS

3. System Requirement
Hardware:
Apache Web Server
o Performs well on almost any system
o 486 processor –
• very little CPU power to perform reasonably well
o less 30 MB of disc space
It all depends on your
project's requirements

4. System Requirement
Hardware and Operating System Issues
Hardware issue affecting webserver is RAM
o A webserver should never ever have to swap
• increases the latency of each request
• causes users to hit stop and reload
• further increasing the load
o Soln: control the MaxRequestWorkers

5. System Requirement
MaxRequestWorkers
Hardware issue affecting webserver is RAM
o determine the size of your average Apache process
o by looking at your process list via a tool such as top
o divide this into your total available memory
o leaving some room for other processes

6. System Requirement
OS Guidelines
o Run the latest stable release and patchlevel
o If your OS supports a sendfile(2) system call,
• install the release/patches needed to enable it
• enables Apache 2 to deliver static content faster

7. Components to Run CMS
Web Servers
Internet Information Services (IIS)
A web server application and set of feature extension
modules created by Microsoft
o IIS is not turned on by default
o IIS 7.5 includes the following additional or enhanced
security features:
• Client Certificate Mapping
• IP Security
• Request Filtering
• URL Authorization

8. Components to Run CMS
Web Servers
Internet Information Services (IIS)
o IIS 7.0 has a modular architecture
• HTTP modules
• Security modules
• Content modules
• Compression modules
• Caching modules
• Logging and Diagnostics modules

9. Components to Run CMS
Web Servers
Internet Information Services (IIS)
o IIS new feature modules
• FTP Publishing Service
• Administration Pack
• Application Request Routing
• Database Manager
• Media Services
• URL Rewrite Module
• WebDAV

10. Components to Run CMS
Web Servers
IIS Express
o lightweight version of IIS
o standalone freeware server and may be installed on
Windows XP (SP3)
o Express supports only the HTTP and HTTPS
protocols

11. Components to Run CMS
Web Servers
Apache HTTP Web Server
o is a powerful, flexible, HTTP/1.1 compliant web server
o implements the latest protocols, including HTTP/1.1
o highly configurable &extensible with 3rd party modules
o can be customised by writing 'modules„
o provides full source code
o comes with an unrestrictive license

12. Components to Run CMS
Web Servers
Apache HTTP Web Server
o Runs almost on ALL OS
o actively being developed
o encourages user feedback
o implements many frequently requested features:
• DBM databases
• allows you to easily set up password-protected pages
• Customized responses to errors and problems

13. Components to Run CMS
Web Servers
Apache HTTP Web Server
o implements many frequently requested features:
• Allows you to set up files in response to errors and problems
• Multiple DirectoryIndex directives
• Unlimited flexible URL rewriting and aliasing
• Content negotiation
• Virtual Hosts
• Configurable Reliable Piped Logs

14. Components to Run CMS
Web Servers
Apache HTTP Web Server
o chosen from respect for
the Native American
Indian tribe of Apache
o Apache is "A PAtCHy
server".

15. Components to Run CMS
Web Servers
Apache HTTP Web Server – WHY IS IT FREE?
o They believe that the tools of online publishing should
be in the hands of everyone – FREE!
o Software company would earn by providing support
o the protocols of the WWW remain "unowned“
o Web will remain a level playing field for companies

16. Components to Run CMS
Web Scripting Language
PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor)
o widely-used open source general-purpose scripting
language
o especially suited for web development and can be
embedded into HTML
o code is executed on the server
• generates HTML which is then sent to the client

17. Components to Run CMS
Web Scripting Language
PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor)
<html>
<head><title>Example</title></head>
<body>
<?php
echo "Hi, I'm a PHP script!";
?>
</body>
</html>

18. Components to Run CMS
Web Scripting Language
What PHP can do?
o Server-side scripting
o Command line scripting (needs PHP parser)
o Writing desktop applications
o PHP can be used on all major operating systems
o PHP's abilities includes outputting images, PDF files
Flash movies and XML
o support for a wide range of databases
o support for talking to other services

19. Components to Run CMS
Web Scripting Language
MySQL ("My Sequel")
World's most used relational database management
system (RDBMS)
o named after Michael Widenius daughter “My”
o SQL – Standard Query Language
o Source code available under the terms of the GNU
General Public License
o Now own by Oracle

20. Components to Run CMS
Web Scripting Language
MySQL ("My Sequel")
o Ships with no GUI tools to administer MySQL
databases or manage data
o Use by web applications such as:
• TYPO3, Joomla, WordPress, phpBB, Drupal
o Use by company such as:
• Wikipedia, Google (not for searches), Facebook, and Twitter

21. Components to Run CMS
Web Scripting Language
Content management system (CMS)
Allows publishing, editing, modifying content and site
maintenance from a central page.
o provides a collection of procedures to manage
workflow in a collaborative environment.
o procedures can be manual or computer-based.