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Cell structure lecture

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Basic Structure of a Cell
Review Facts About Living Things
What Are the Main Characteristics of organisms? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Please select a Team. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Which is NOT a characteristic of all living things ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 20
Your heart is an example of ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Cells that work together are ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
One species living in an area is: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Different species living in an area makes a(n): ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Team Scores 0 Team 1 0 Team 2 0 Team 3 0 Team 4 0 Team 5
Team MVP Points Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant
History of Cells & the Cell Theory Cell Specialization
First to View Cells ,[object Object],[object Object]
First to View Cells ,[object Object],[object Object]
Anton van Leeuwenhoek ,[object Object],[object Object]
Beginning of the Cell Theory ,[object Object],[object Object]
Beginning of the Cell Theory ,[object Object],[object Object]
Beginning of the Cell Theory ,[object Object],[object Object]
CELL THEORY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Who was the first person to see a living cell? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Who was the first person to see a cell? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Who was the first person to state all animals are made of cells? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Team MVP Points Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant
Team Scores 0 Team 1 0 Team 2 0 Team 3 0 Team 4 0 Team 5
Discoveries Since the Cell Theory
ENDOSYMBIOTIC THEORY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cell Size and Types ,[object Object],[object Object],Animal Cell Plant Cell Bacterial Cell
Number of Cells ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CELL SIZE ,[object Object]
Which Cell Type is Larger? _________ > _____________ > ___________ Plant cell Animal cell bacteria
How Big is a Micron ( µ ) ? 1 cm = 10,000 microns 1” = 25,000 microns
Cell Size ,[object Object]
Factors Affecting Cell Size ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cell Size ,[object Object],[object Object]
Cell Size ,[object Object],About the same size, but … The elephant has MANY MORE cells than a mouse!
Multicellular Organisms ,[object Object]
Cell Specialization ,[object Object],[object Object]
Specialized Animal Cells ,[object Object],Red blood cells Cheek cells
Specialized Plant cells Xylem cells Pollen Guard Cells
Organization Levels of Life Atoms to Organisms
ATOMS  MOLECULES  ORGANELLES Nonliving Levels
CELLS – life starts here TISSUES – Similar cells working together Living Levels  
ORGANS ORGAN SYSTEMS ORGANISM Different tissues working together Different organs working together   More Living Levels
Simple or Complex Cells
Prokaryotes – The first Cells ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Prokaryotes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Eukaryotes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Eukaryotic Cell ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Two Main Types of Eukaryotic Cells Plant Cell Animal Cell
Organelles
Organelles ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Animal Cell Organelles Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear envelope Ribosome (attached) Ribosome (free) Cell Membrane Rough endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Mitochondrion Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Centrioles
Plant Cell Organelles
Cell or Plasma Membrane ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Outside of cell Inside of cell (cytoplasm) Cell membrane Proteins Protein channel Lipid bilayer Carbohydrate chains
Phospholipids ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Cell Membrane is Fluid ,[object Object]
Cell Membrane Proteins ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],GLYCOPROTEINS Glycoproteins have carbohydrate tails to act as markers for cell recognition
Cell Membrane in Plants ,[object Object],[object Object],Cell membrane
Cell Wall ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Cell wall
Cell Wall ,[object Object],[object Object]
Cytoplasm of a Cell ,[object Object],[object Object],cytoplasm
More on Cytoplasm ,[object Object],[object Object],cytoplasm
The Control Organelle - Nucleus ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
More on the Nucleus ,[object Object],[object Object],Nucleus
Nuclear Envelope ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Nuclear pores
Inside the Nucleus - The genetic material (DNA) is found DNA is spread out And appears as CHROMATIN in non-dividing cells DNA is condensed & wrapped around proteins forming as CHROMOSOMES in dividing cells
What Does DNA do? ,[object Object],Genes that make up the DNA molecule code for different proteins
Nucleolus ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cytoskeleton ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cytoskeleton MICROTUBULES MICROFILAMENTS
Centrioles ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Centrioles & the Mitotic Spindle ,[object Object]
Mitochondrion (plural = mitochondria) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MITOCHONDRIA ,[object Object],Folded inner membrane called CRISTAE (increases surface area for more chemical Reactions) Has its own DNA Interior called MATRIX
Interesting Fact --- ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cell Powerhouse ,[object Object],Mitochondrion ( mitochondria )
What do mitochondria do? Burns glucose to release energy (ATP) Stores energy as ATP “ Power plant” of the cell
Endoplasmic Reticulum - ER ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Two kinds of ER ---ROUGH & SMOOTH
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER) ,[object Object],[object Object]
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER) ,[object Object],[object Object]
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Functions of the Smooth ER ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Endomembrane System Includes nuclear membrane connected to ER connected to cell membrane (transport)
Ribosomes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],
Ribosomes ,[object Object],OR Be free (unattached) in the cytoplasm
Golgi Bodies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Transport vesicle CIS TRANS
Golgi Bodies ,[object Object],Modify, sort, & package molecules from ER for storage OR transport out of cell
Golgi
Golgi Animation Materials are transported from Rough ER to Golgi to the cell membrane by VESICLES
Lysosomes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Lysosome Digestion ,[object Object],[object Object]
Cilia & Flagella ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cilia & Flagella ,[object Object],[object Object]
Cell Movement with Cilia & Flagella
Cilia Moving Away Dust Particles from the Lungs Respiratory System
Vacuoles ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Vacuoles ,[object Object],[object Object]
Contractile Vacuole ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Contractile vacuole animation
Chloroplasts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Chloroplasts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Chloroplasts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Please select a Team. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Which types of cells do not have a nucleus? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Which types of cells have no membrane bound organelles? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Which types of cells contain chloroplasts? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
In prokaryotes, what makes proteins? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
What part of a cell controls what can get in and out of the cell? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Team Scores 0 Team 1 0 Team 2 0 Team 3 0 Team 4 0 Team 5
Team MVP Points Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant
Where is DNA found in eukaryotic cells? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Which organisms do NOT have cell walls? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
What organelle helps keep cell shape and mover organelles? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Which organelle makes cell products and transports them? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Which organelle produces energy for the cell? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
What does the mitochondria store energy as? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages material from the ER? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
What makes proteins in your cells? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Which organelle digests worn out cell parts? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Short hair like structures on cells ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
The part of a cell where photosynthesis occurs. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
A storage organelle that is much larger in plant cells than animal cells. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 20
Team MVP Points Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant
Team Scores 0 Team 1 0 Team 2 0 Team 3 0 Team 4 0 Team 5

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Cell structure lecture

  • 2. Review Facts About Living Things
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13. Team Scores 0 Team 1 0 Team 2 0 Team 3 0 Team 4 0 Team 5
  • 14. Team MVP Points Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant
  • 15. History of Cells & the Cell Theory Cell Specialization
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
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  • 26. Team MVP Points Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant
  • 27. Team Scores 0 Team 1 0 Team 2 0 Team 3 0 Team 4 0 Team 5
  • 28. Discoveries Since the Cell Theory
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 32.
  • 33.
  • 34. Which Cell Type is Larger? _________ > _____________ > ___________ Plant cell Animal cell bacteria
  • 35. How Big is a Micron ( µ ) ? 1 cm = 10,000 microns 1” = 25,000 microns
  • 36.
  • 37.
  • 38.
  • 39.
  • 40.
  • 41.
  • 42.
  • 43. Specialized Plant cells Xylem cells Pollen Guard Cells
  • 44. Organization Levels of Life Atoms to Organisms
  • 45. ATOMS  MOLECULES  ORGANELLES Nonliving Levels
  • 46. CELLS – life starts here TISSUES – Similar cells working together Living Levels  
  • 47. ORGANS ORGAN SYSTEMS ORGANISM Different tissues working together Different organs working together   More Living Levels
  • 49.
  • 50.
  • 51.
  • 52.
  • 53. Two Main Types of Eukaryotic Cells Plant Cell Animal Cell
  • 55.
  • 56. Animal Cell Organelles Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear envelope Ribosome (attached) Ribosome (free) Cell Membrane Rough endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Mitochondrion Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Centrioles
  • 58.
  • 59.
  • 60.
  • 61.
  • 62.
  • 63.
  • 64.
  • 65.
  • 66.
  • 67.
  • 68.
  • 69.
  • 70.
  • 71. Inside the Nucleus - The genetic material (DNA) is found DNA is spread out And appears as CHROMATIN in non-dividing cells DNA is condensed & wrapped around proteins forming as CHROMOSOMES in dividing cells
  • 72.
  • 73.
  • 74.
  • 76.
  • 77.
  • 78.
  • 79.
  • 80.
  • 81.
  • 82. What do mitochondria do? Burns glucose to release energy (ATP) Stores energy as ATP “ Power plant” of the cell
  • 83.
  • 84.
  • 85.
  • 86.
  • 87.
  • 88. Endomembrane System Includes nuclear membrane connected to ER connected to cell membrane (transport)
  • 89.
  • 90.
  • 91.
  • 92.
  • 93. Golgi
  • 94. Golgi Animation Materials are transported from Rough ER to Golgi to the cell membrane by VESICLES
  • 95.
  • 96.
  • 97.
  • 98.
  • 99. Cell Movement with Cilia & Flagella
  • 100. Cilia Moving Away Dust Particles from the Lungs Respiratory System
  • 101.
  • 102.
  • 103.
  • 104.
  • 105.
  • 106.
  • 107.
  • 108.
  • 109.
  • 110.
  • 111.
  • 112.
  • 113. Team Scores 0 Team 1 0 Team 2 0 Team 3 0 Team 4 0 Team 5
  • 114. Team MVP Points Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant
  • 115.
  • 116.
  • 117.
  • 118.
  • 119.
  • 120.
  • 121.
  • 122.
  • 123.
  • 124.
  • 125.
  • 126.
  • 127. Team MVP Points Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant 0 Team Participant
  • 128. Team Scores 0 Team 1 0 Team 2 0 Team 3 0 Team 4 0 Team 5

Notes de l'éditeur

  1. Don’t copy
  2. Don’t copy
  3. Don’t copy
  4. Don’t copy