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pixiv百科事典に表示される
pixivコミック広告の最適化
Tatsuya Iwanari
2016.05.30 (2016.05.16~19, 30)
メンター: えどばくふさん
取り組んだこと
Pixiv 百科事典での
広告の最適化
(Pixiv コミック)
問題の整理
多腕バンディット問題として扱える
+ 他のところでも使えるように汎用的にしたい
=> カテゴリなどの記事依存の情報は使わない
(情報は記事: place_id, 広告: ads_id)
e.g., 最も当たりやすいスロットを使い続けたい
Q. 最も当たりやすいスロットをどう効率的に探す?
[直感]
● 現在一番当たっているものは有望だろう (活用)
● あまり見てないものに有望なものがあるかも (探索)
試行をしながら
今回は百科事典の記事ごとに
最も良い 3 つの広告を探す
システム構成
API Gateway
●リクエストを受ける endpoint を提供
■管理者・ユーザからのリクエストを
HTTP リクエストとして受け取る
e.g., 広告の登録/広告の表示
AWS Lambda ($23)
●AWS へのある入力に対する
出力を定義する (JS or Java)
■API Gateway へのリクエストを処理
(実際のロジック部分)
DynamoDB ($25)
●AWS が提供する KVS 形式のデータベース
■広告やその統計情報を保存する
すべて AWS 上で動かす Serverless な設計
ユースケース 1 (広告の登録)
ユースケース 2 (広告の配信)
Endpoint 抜粋 (1)
/ads
GET
概要: 広告の選択
input: {place_id}
output: {3 つの広告の情報} (現在は JSONP で返却)
/conversion
GET
概要: conversion を行ったことを記録
input: {place_id, ads_id}
POST
概要: conversion を行ったことを記録
input: {place_id, ads_id} (JSON. body で指定する)
Endpoint 抜粋 (2)
/admin
/ads
/{ads_id}
 DELETE
 概要: 表示する広告の削除
 input: {ads_id (pathで指定する)}
 GET
 概要: 広告の情報を取得
 input: {ads_id (pathで指定する)}
 outpu: 広告の情報
 PUT
 概要: 広告の新規登録・更新
 input: {ads_id (pathで指定する),
ads_info (JSON. body で指定する)}
広告の選択(バンディット)アルゴリズム
[直感 (再掲)]
● 現在一番当たっているものは有望だろう (活用)
● あまり見てないものに有望なものがあるかも (探索)
[活用] と [探索] のバランスをどう取ると
効率よく最適なものを見つけられるか
いくつかアルゴリズムがある
● 活用と探索を確率的に行う
○ 回数を重ねるごとに探索をする確率を下げる (epsilon-greedy)
○ 当たるものを高い確率,当たらないものを低い確率で選ぶ (softmax)
● 活用と探索を考慮した評価式を使う
○ UCB (Upper Confidence Bounds)
○ KL-UCB
● もっと良い方法も…
○ Tompson Sampling
実装が簡単なので
ひとまずこれを使う
UCB1 (広く知られた UCB 値)
UCB値: その手がどれくらい有望と期待されるか
これまでの経験から
得られる評価値 (CVRなど)
活用
どれくらい期待が持てるか
(信頼区間から)
探索
全体 (記事ごと) の
試行回数
この広告の
表示回数
参考: http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/sebubeck/Bubeckthesis.pdf P.29
記事ごとにこの値の上位 3 つの記事を表示する
まで下げられる
料金体系
AWS Lambda
● リクエスト回数
● 利用リソース
= タスクの処理時間
* 使用メモリ
● 上記2つの無料分 (月ごと) がある
DynamoDB
● 行単位 * 容量単位の課金
○ 読み出し
○ 書き出し (> 読み出しの課金額 [やや複雑])
● あらかじめ上記を見積もって設定する (プロビジョニング)
料金を考慮したデータベースの設計に苦労
本番環境での実験
実際に本番環境で試してみる
● 5/19 ~ 5/30 (およそ12日間) まで pixiv 百科事典にて
[かかったおおよその料金]
AWS Lambda ($23)
DynamoDB ($25)
1週間回した結果
impression が同じもので平均 CVR を求めた
全体の平均 CVR は実験前 (人気 3 つ) とあまり変わらない…?
考察と検討
● まとまりが見られる
● 最適な結果となったかは
もう少し検討が必要…
グラフからわかること
その他・検討すべきこと
● 全体の平均 CVR は実験前とあまり変わらない
=> 完全にランダムでも変わらないのか…?
● ランダムよりも良いなら意味があったといえる
● ランダムでも変わらないならランダムが良いといえる
CVRが変わらないならまんべんなく出るほうが良い
改善案
●より良いアルゴリズム
最適な方法であることが証明済みの方法がある
=> Tompson Sampling
●プロビジョニング最適化
DynamoDB は予約した値で課金される
=> Dynamic DynamoDB
まとめ
● どの媒体でも使える汎用的な広告提示システムを構築した
● 結果としてはまだうまくいったかわからないところ…
● 広告の提示に関して新しい知見は与えられた
5日間お世話になりました!
楽しかったです!

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