13. Explore, Invent, Apply
1. Review recipe & identify steps.
2. Split steps into related groups.
3. Write outline of groups & steps.
14. Explore, Invent, Apply
1. Arrange steps in order.
2. Minimize total time.
3. Which steps cannot be shifted?
15. 00
05
10
15
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25
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35
40
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100
time
# Group / Step
A BAKE XX XX XX XX XX XX XX
1 bake 9-11 min 10 XX XX
2 let cool 5 XX
3 preheat oven 15 XX XX XX
4 roll into balls 5 XX
B CLEANUP XX XX XX XX
1 eat cookies 5 XX
2 wash dishes 15 XX XX XX
3
4
C DRY XX XX XX XX
1 blend in oatmeal 5 XX
2 blend oatmeal 5 XX
3 mix dry ingred 5 XX
4
D FLAVOR XX XX XX
1 add choc, nuts, etc 5 XX
2 chop nuts 5 XX
3 grate chocolate 5 XX
4
E WET XX XX XX XX XX XX XX XX XX XX XX XX
1 add dry to wet 5 XX
2 chill dough 15 XX XX XX
3 cream wet 5 XX
4 mix in eggs 5 XX
Clif Kussmaul is Associate Professor of Computer Science at Muhlenberg College, Allentown, PA.He has consulted in industry, developed software products, and worked with global software development teams.His interests include software engineering, entrepreneurship, active learning, collaboration, and free and open source software.
Searching where the light is goodAre we teaching where it’s easy, or where the problems are?
Students rarely need help when (napping) during lectureWhen do students most need help?What contributes to effective learning?
these elements should be familiar to NCIIA attendees- E-teams combine content & process skills to construct products (& understanding)many students have had frustrating or disappointing team experiences – how can we help?
team / process scaffolding- PROCESS ORIENTED- process learning objectives- fixed assigned teams- rotating assigned roles within team – recorder, speaker, manager, etc- team procedures- summary & reflection reports - PROCESS ORIENTED
How can teachers recognize and help to address students problems as they occur?Hard to PREDICT when & where students problems occurHard to CONNECT & HELP when students are working outside of class and office/lab hoursEasier to SCRIPT classroom experiences to lead students through key insights & problems
similar to:-scientific method – observe data, form hypothesis, test-design process – analyze problem, design solution, evaluate performance
LHS: lecture, PPT, HWRHS: problems & projects
- Used & validated for ~20 years.- Improves content mastery, learning skills, attitude, retention.
continuous improvement through activitiesPOGIL EXAMPLE
- Used & validated for ~20 years.- Improves content mastery, learning skills, attitude, retention.