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Notes de l'éditeur
Colonial times- Britain industrialized northern Sudan so when independency came, northern Sudan was put in power.
Independent – 1956 conflict erupted in 1955. war actually started in 1983 between gov. and SPLA. Root causes were resources, power, role of religion in state.
first war comprehensive peace agreement-> cease-fire rule
2nd war- darfur began in 2003 when Sudan liberation army and / the justice and Equality movement groups accused the government of genocide against africans in favor of Arabs.
Eventually they began fighting against governement army and a group called the Janaweed which consisted of recruitments from Arab tribes. Although a cease fire agreement was signed, there have been accusations
Of war throughout the region.
Sunni Muslim 70% (in north), indigenous beliefs 25%, Christian 5% (mostly in south and Khartoum)
2 million people died, scorched earth policy
four million displaces, 600,000 refugees–
39% of population can not read or write
3% of government spending goes towards education
School life expectancy is 4 years, k-3rd grade
A girl born in southern Sudan has a better chance of dying during pregnancy or childbirth than of completing primary school.
40% of population below poverty line
1 out of 4 female mortality
1 out of 3 male mortality
40 % of population no access to water source
Southern Sudan will hold a referendum that will decide if it should stay part of Sudan in January of 2011. southern Sudan must have at least a 60% turnout vote In order for it to be valid. Some fear this could cause war because
southern Sudan hold over 85% of Sudan's oil fields and resources.
In march, the government 13 aid agencies from the darfur regions, those providing health care/medical clinics, 4 million people depend on aid from organizations in darfur to live.(1/3 of darfur’s population) http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/panorama/4007257.stm
(focuses on maintaining peace) It is focused on forging a definitive end to conflict, human rights abuses, and genocide in Darfur, and peaceful implementation of the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA).they provide clean water and hygiene, health clinics, shelter, and rehabilitation. Most of all US-AID provides food aid
