Low-rise vs. Tall Buildings: What is Safer during Earthquake in Bangkok?

•

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Dr. Thiti Vacharasintopchai, ATSI-DX, CISA

Issue Date: 3-Apr-2011 Type: Presentation Abstract: Comparison of risks between those from low-rise and high-rise buildings in Bangkok during earthquake URI: http://dspace.siu.ac.th/handle/1532/1245

Technologie

Systematic Problem Solving & Decision Making
Train-the-Trainer Workshop

Low-rise vs. Tall Buildings:
What is Safer during
Earthquake in Bangkok?

Dr. Thiti Vacharasintopchai
thitiv@{siu.ac.th, alumni.ait.ac.th}
April 3, 2011

Outline
• What happens during Earthquake?
• Seismic Hazard Maps
– PGA : Peak Ground Accelerations
• Newton’s Second Law
– Total force applied on a body is equal to the time derivative of linear
momentum of the body.
• Structural Dynamics
– Vibrations, Natural Frequencies, Mode Shapes
• Typical Design of Low-rise vs. Tall Buildings
• The Bangkok Soft Clay
• Conclusion

2

What happens during Earthquake?

http://www.civilengineergroup.com/wp-content/
uploads/2010/12/seismograph.gif

http://www.tulane.edu/~sanelson/images/sgraph.gif
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-wave

3

Seismic Hazard Maps

http://www.bangkokpost.com/media/content/20110326/249115.jpg http://www.crew.org/science/pgaall.html 4

Newton’s Second Law
• Total force applied on a body is equal to the time derivative of
linear momentum of the body.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%27s_laws_of_motion 5
http://articles.architectjaved.com/earthquake_resistant_structures/files/2010/06/deformation.jpg

Structural Dynamics
• Vibrations, Natural Frequencies, Mode Shapes

http://www.tulane.edu/~sanelson/images/sgraph.gif

http://www.wbdg.org/images/seismic_7.gif
http://www.structuremag.org/images/1107-bb-1.gif

6

Typical Design of Low-rise vs. Tall Bldgs

Tall Buildings
http://www.gpsworld.com/files/gpsworld/nodes/2003/3396/chart1.jpg

7

Characteristic of The Bangkok Soft Clay
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ea/
Bangkok_microzonation_map.jpg/300px-Bangkok_microzonation_map.jpg

Mexico City 1985

http://eqseis.geosc.psu.edu/~cammon/HTML/Classes/
IntroQuakes/Notes/Images_specific02/
site_amplification.gif Resonance with
10-story Buildings
http://www.smate.wwu.edu/teched/geology/GeoHaz/eq-Mexico/eq-Mexico-08.JPG

8

“Present” Tall Buildings are Safer
during Earthquake in Bangkok?

Structural Upgrade
Business Opportunity

CONCLUSION
Thanks to Google Images

9

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1. Systematic Problem Solving & Decision Making Train-the-Trainer Workshop Low-rise vs. Tall Buildings: What is Safer during Earthquake in Bangkok? Dr. Thiti Vacharasintopchai thitiv@{siu.ac.th, alumni.ait.ac.th} April 3, 2011

2. Outline • What happens during Earthquake? • Seismic Hazard Maps – PGA : Peak Ground Accelerations • Newton’s Second Law – Total force applied on a body is equal to the time derivative of linear momentum of the body. • Structural Dynamics – Vibrations, Natural Frequencies, Mode Shapes • Typical Design of Low-rise vs. Tall Buildings • The Bangkok Soft Clay • Conclusion 2

3. What happens during Earthquake? http://www.civilengineergroup.com/wp-content/ uploads/2010/12/seismograph.gif http://www.tulane.edu/~sanelson/images/sgraph.gif http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-wave 3

4. Seismic Hazard Maps http://www.bangkokpost.com/media/content/20110326/249115.jpg http://www.crew.org/science/pgaall.html 4

5. Newton’s Second Law • Total force applied on a body is equal to the time derivative of linear momentum of the body. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%27s_laws_of_motion 5 http://articles.architectjaved.com/earthquake_resistant_structures/files/2010/06/deformation.jpg

6. Structural Dynamics • Vibrations, Natural Frequencies, Mode Shapes http://www.tulane.edu/~sanelson/images/sgraph.gif http://www.wbdg.org/images/seismic_7.gif http://www.structuremag.org/images/1107-bb-1.gif 6

7. Typical Design of Low-rise vs. Tall Bldgs Tall Buildings http://www.gpsworld.com/files/gpsworld/nodes/2003/3396/chart1.jpg 7

8. Characteristic of The Bangkok Soft Clay http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ea/ Bangkok_microzonation_map.jpg/300px-Bangkok_microzonation_map.jpg Mexico City 1985 http://eqseis.geosc.psu.edu/~cammon/HTML/Classes/ IntroQuakes/Notes/Images_specific02/ site_amplification.gif Resonance with 10-story Buildings http://www.smate.wwu.edu/teched/geology/GeoHaz/eq-Mexico/eq-Mexico-08.JPG 8

9. “Present” Tall Buildings are Safer during Earthquake in Bangkok? Structural Upgrade Business Opportunity CONCLUSION Thanks to Google Images 9

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