1- Suppose that one firm is the only employer of a certain labor servi.docx

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1. Suppose that one firm is the only employer of a certain labor service (i.e., the firm is a monopsonist). Assume its MRPL is given by L= 11 ? w and the labor supply is L = W. (a) What is the wage paid and the number of labor hours hired by the profitmaximizing monopsonist? (b) What would be the wage and number of labor hours if the labor market were perfectly competitive? (c) If a minimum wage law is passed that requires the monopsonist to pay at least $5.50 per hour, how will this affect employment? Solution The wage will be fixed at a point where MRPL (Marginal Productivity of Labor)=MFC (Marginal Factor cost) Then 11-w= w 2w = 11 Or W = $5.5 In a competitive market Wage rate will be equal to marginal factor cost W = MFC L = 11-w =11-5.5 = $5.5 The wages are equal to the minimum wage, so there will not be any effect on employment and wages in the economy. The minimum wage is same as that of equilibrium wage corresponding to demand and supply of labor. .

Formation

The wages are equal to the minimum wage, so there will not be any effect on employment and
wages in the economy. The minimum wage is same as that of equilibrium wage corresponding to
demand and supply of labor.

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1. Which of the following is NOT a function of a firewall? a. Blocks or forwards packets based on source and destination address and TCP port b. Blocks or forwards packets based on source and destination address and UDP port c. Examines packet data for worms, viruses, malware, etc. and blocks a stream if it contains malicious content d. Converts Ethernet packets to Token Ring or ARCnet packets e. Allows a computer inside the firewall to initiate a TCP connection to an outbound system, and then transmit data to and from that system, while preventing an outbound system from initiating a TCP connection to an internal host. Solution The correct option is d. Converts Ethernet packets to Token Ring or ARCnet packets Since Ethernet is one network and another is token ring then to communicate between these two work stattions is possible by using bridge or gateway. Ethernet with a speed of 100Mbps and Token ring with a speed of 10Mbps. Here firewall has done nothing to work to get it working between two different networks. The firewall is either software program or hardware like Router which monitors the incoming packets for malicious code or virus or worms to infect the computer.The firewall examines packet data for unauthorized access to get control over the computer system. .

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1. What soil characteristics influence compressibility 2. Why is consolidation a time-dependent process? Solution the following are the charecteristics of soil which influence compressibility they are 1. expulsion of pore air from void spaces which leads to reduce in its void ration and soil gets compressed 2. expulsion of pore water from the void spaces of the soil mass 3. a soil mass with honey comb structure is more compresible than soil have dense structure 4. a soil which is composed of flat grains in its structure is more compressible than one with spherical grains 5. a soil in remoulded state is more compressible than same soil in its natural state. 2)answer: consolidation is time dependent why beacuse the effective void ratio ( not void ratio ) is less so the water present in the pore spaces is unable to expulse fastly. and the water which is present around the soil grain called adsorbed water drags the pore water and slow doen the process of expulsion of water.. so consolidation leads lot of time and sustained loads .

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1- What type of encryption does PKI use? Symmetric Asymmetric DES AES 2- The upper layers of the OSI model are, in correct order. Session, application, presentation Session, presentation, application Session, application, presentation, physical Application, presentation, session, physical Solution 1. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) uses asymmetric key encryption between parties. Asymmetric Encryption : It is a form of Encryption , in this pair of keys are coming. Here one key encrypts, while the other key can decrypt. Option b is correct choice. 2. The upper layers of the OSI model are, in correct order is 7. Application 6. Presentation 5. Session 4. Transport 3. Network 2. Data Link 1. Physical These are the Layers in OSI model. Option d is correct choice. .

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1. What kind of contract did Lulene and Ellen have? What kinds of issues may arise with their contract? 2. Suppose the Mississippi legislature passes a law, one day after Lulene and Ellen make their contract, that the sale of lemon pies is prohibited in the state because lemons have been found to cause cancer. How would that affect the contract? 3. Assume that when Lulene and Ellen entered into the agreement Ellen was an enterprising 16-year-old. Would the contract be enforceable? Why or why not? 4. Instead of meeting to discuss the deal, Lulene had sent Ellen a letter offering to sell her lemon pies for $5.00 per pie for as long as Ellen likes. Lulene says she must receive Ellen Solution Instead of meeting to discuss the deal, Lulene had sent Ellen a letter offering to sell her lemon pies for $5.00 per pie for as long as Ellen likes. Lulene says she must receive Ellen\'s answer by May 10. On May 8 Ellen signs a letter accepting the offer and mails it. On May 9 Lulene calls to withdraw her offer. Ellen says it\'s too late, she has accepted. Who wins? Ellen wins, because it was effective when sent. Assume that Ellen doesn\'t call the deal off when she is told the price is now $7.00, but wants to hold Lulene to the deal to supply pies at $5.00. If Lulene fails to supply the pies, and if Ellen then sues her for a breach of contract, what is Lulene most likely to argue to avoid liability? Lulene is most likely to argue with impossibility. .

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1. what is the net ionic equation for the neutralization of HBr with KOH 2. what is the net ionic equation for the neutralization of HF with KOH Solution Solution:- (1) HBr is a strong acid and KOH is a strong base. Both are like completely dissociated and also KBr is water soluble. The molecular equation is... HBr(aq) + KOH(aq) -----> KBr(aq) + H 2 O(l) Ionic equation is..... H + (aq) + Br - (aq) + K + (aq) + OH - (aq) ----> K + (aq) + Br - (aq) + H 2 O(l) Here, K + and Br - are the common ions so they are canceled out while write the net ionic equation. The net ionic equation is... H + (aq) + OH - (aq) -----> H 2 O(l) (2) HF is a weak acid and so it is not completely dissociated. For the ionic equations we don\'t show the dissociation of weak acid or base. HF(aq) + KOH(aq) -----> KF(aq) + H 2 O(l) Ionic equation is... HF(aq) + K + (aq) + OH - (aq) ----> K + (aq) + F - (aq) + H 2 O(l) K + is the common ion. The net ionic equation would be... HF(aq) + OH - (aq) ----> F - (aq) + H 2 O(l) .

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1. What is outsourcing? What are advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing? 2. Define Social Media Information System (SMIS)? List some of the individual and organizational risks associated with use of social media and how they can be prevented. 3. Describe business intelligence application and give at least two examples Solution 1. Some companies source their materials or work processes from outsider firms, this process is known as outsourcing . Competitive advantages of outsourcing are listed below: Despite of the above advantages, outsourcing involves the following risks: Thus, it can be concluded that a company should analyze the outcomes of outsourcing strategy, before its implementation. 2. Social media information system (SMIS) utilizes the social media channels to share some news and information with the network of users. Risks associated with social media information system are listed below: Organizations can prevent these risks with the help of given strategies: 3. Business intelligence application includes those applications that help an organization in collecting, analyzing and disseminating the data for effective decision making process. Examples of business intelligence application are given below: .

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1. What is the difference between OSI and TCP/IP layered models? Solution 1. OSI which stands for Open Systems Interconnection is a conceptual model which define standards on how two systems can communicate on a network. TCP/IP which stands forÂ Â Transmission Control Protocol(TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP) is protocol suite which defines different protocols for communication between two systems on the internet. 3. OSI model has 7 layers which include Application Layer Presentation Layer Session Layer Transport Layer Network Layer Data Link Later Physical Layer 3. TCP.IP has 4 layers Application Layer Transport Layer Internet Layer Link Layer or .

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1. What is a database? Give some examples. 2. What is a database management system? Give some examples 3. How a database is structured? What is a primary key? 4. An application runs on specific operating system that stores and retrieves data on a database yo produce information. Explain with a diagram. 5. Explain the basic database applications in CRUD. Solution 1) Database : Its basically collection of information or say data which we want to store so that we can access or update it as and when required. Like storing data about employee in an organisation 2) Database Management System : The system which handles database. It provides user/programmers a systematic way of storing , accessing, retrieving and managing data. Eg : Oracle 3) Database is structured in form of tables which stores relevanty data like employee table wich can have colums to store employee name, address, contact details , salary etc. Primary key : its the attribute to uniquely identify a row and for eg in Employee table uniquely identify a employee. 5) CRUD : basically the four major operations in database to handle the data C: Create , the operation to create table/store data in table R : Retrieve - the operation to access the stored data U : Update : the operation to update the already stored data D : Delete : the operation to delete the stored data .

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1. What are the functional sources of power? 2. Distinguish between personal and social power? What are the 4 power-oriented characteristics of the best managers Solution Making organizations more innovative, responsive and responsible requires focusing on a number of leadership, power and influence issues. These issues are critical in coping with the strategic environment with all its VUCA characteristics, and strategic leader performance requirements in that environment. The issues influence developing teams at the strategic level, as well as managing organizational processes linked to values and ethics, organizational culture, visioning and the management of change. Such issues include: RECENT DEVELOPMENTS Although trait, behavioral, and contingency approaches have each contributed to the understanding of leadership, none of the approaches have provided a completely satisfactory explanation of leadership and leadership effectiveness. Since the 1970s, several alternative theoretical frameworks for the study of leadership have been advanced. Among the more important of these are leader-member exchange theory, transformational leadership theory, the substitutes for leadership approach, and the philosophy of servant leadership. .

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1. What are phonons? What information can be obtained by studying the phonon spectrum of solids? Solution A phonon is a collective excitation in a periodic, elastic arrangement of atoms or molecules in condensed matter, like solids and some liquids. It is a quantized mode of vibration occurring in a rigid crystal lattice, such as the atomic lattice of a solid. Solids with one or more atoms exhibit two types of phonons. They are (1) acoustic phonons and (2) optical phonons. When a solid absorbs energy, the number of phonons changes. Macroscopic properties like thermal energy can be described by suitable statistical models. If a solid is viewed as a collection of distinguishable oscillating atoms, they would obey Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. Since phonons are indistinguishable particles like photons, they follow Bose-Einstein distribution. There is no limit on the number of particles a boson state can occupy. In solid-state physics, the study of phonons is important because phonons play an important role in many of the physical properties of solids, such as the specific heat, melting point, thermal conductivity, the electrical conductivity, and superconductivity.Â Â The electrons are responsible for the majority of heat conduction in metal, while the phonons are the dominant carriers in the semiconductors and insulators, e.g. silicon, germanium and silica-based materials. In some cases, the phonon contribution to the specific heat or resistivity can be easily separated from other contributions and can provide important information about the lattice dynamical properties of a solid. There are studies made on the measurements of sound velocities using spectroscopic techniques which is quite useful since they provide the slopes of the acoustic phonon branches. .

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1. void fun(int &j) { j++; } int main() { int i = 20; fun(i); printf(\"i = %d\ \", i); return 0; } 2. void fun(int *j) { (*j)++; } int main() { int i = 20; int *p = &i; fun(p); printf(\"i = %d\ \", i); return 0; } 3. #include<stdio.h> void square(int); main() { int num = 3; square(num); printf(â€œnum: %d\ â€, num); } void square (int num) { num = num * num; } 4. #include<stdio.h> int square(int); main() { int num = 3; square(num); printf(â€œnum: %d\ â€, num); num = square(num); printf(â€œnum: %d\ â€, num); } int square (int num) { num = num * num; return num; } Solution 1))))))))))))) the address of i is passed in the fuinction in this case then in the function the address is incremented and print in the main block 2))))))))))))))) p is a pointer as a pointer it stores the address of another variable here p stores the address of variable i rather than the value of a variable 3)))))))))))))) function with arguement and no return type the fun ction here declared as void so it doesnot return the value 4)))))))))) function with arguement and return type it returns the value to the called function. .

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1. Single convex lenses can be used to make images of far away objects. Will these images be real or imaginary? Where does the image occur relative to the focus? (Specify which side of the lens) 2. Lenses in combination are used in the making of microscopes and telescopes. When observing with the human eye, should the device create real or virtual images? Why? 3. Microscopes often have very bright lights to illuminate the object. If you were to look at the light without the microscope it appears so bright it may \"hurt\" to look at it. If the microscope magnifies the object to create a larger image, why is it safe to look through microscope at the very bright object? (This is the same concept as why projector bulbs are very bright.) Please explain in detail, not just with a one sentence answer for each and I will rate. Thank you! Solution 1) The image will be real because it is formed by the actual meeting of the rays converging. The image is formed at the focal point behind the lens, i.e. on the other side of the lens. This is when the rays coming from the distant object are parallel to the principal axis. Otherwise the image is formed on a line perpendicular and passing through the focal point. 2) When observing with the human eye, the device should create virtual image. The reason is that when we view an image we want the image to be clear and upright and not inverted. An upright image is formed only when it is virtual. 3) When we look directly, we view it with its original intensity; therefore it may hurt our eyes. On the other hand when viewing through the microscope the light is reflected a few times and so its intensity decreases, thereby making it safe to view at. .

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1. Materials are deep-seated in human culture. Do you agree with this statement? Why or why not? Give examples of different materials used in different cultures and time periods. Which materials are the most researched/sought-after materials right now? Solution Ecologists sometimes describe nonhuman species in terms of their reproductive strategies in different types of environments (e.g., Pianka, 1970; Matthews & Kitching, 1984). Unpredictable or unstable environments select for relatively short-lived organisms with small body size, early maturity, high fecundity (capability of producing numerous offspring), and good dispersal abilities. As might be expected, such species are characterized by high juvenile mortality rates and widely fluctuating populations. Because their evolutionary success is dependent on high potential population growth rates, such organisms are called r-strategists. Among mammals, small rodents are typically r-selected. At the other end of the spectrum are so-called K-strategists, organisms usually associated with relatively predictable or stable ecosystems. K-strategists are typically large-bodied, long-lived and late-maturing. They generally have low reproductive and dispersal rates, but also extended parental care and thus high survival rates to maturity. The populations of K-strategists are therefore relatively stable and tend to press up against the fluctuating carrying capacities (K) of their ecosystems. Indeed, they are said to be K-selected, because their individual survival and overall evolutionary success depend on competitive superiority at high population densities under conditions of resource scarcity. Humans are clearly K-strategists, a distinction we share with other large mammals ranging from tapirs through elephants to blue whales. .

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1- Match the following- 1- Repressive state a- Indonesia under Suharto.docx

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1. Jacob and Chloe are married and together have AGI of $30,000. They have two dependents and file a joint return. Each pays $1,200 for hospitalization insurance. During the year, they paid the following amounts for medical care: $7,000 in doctor and dentist bills and hospital expenses, and $1,700 for prescribed medicine and drugs. In December, they received an insurance reimbursement of $2,700 for hospitalization. Determine the deduction allowable for medical expenses paid during the year. a. $11,100. b. $9,150. c. $8,850. d. $6,150. e. None of the above. 2. Samuel and Lopita, married taxpayers, took out a mortgage on their home for $150,000 in 2004. In May of 2010, when the home had a fair market value of $175,000 and they owed $100,000 on the mortgage, they took out a home equity loan for $120,000. They used the funds to purchase a single engine airplane to be used for recreational travel purposes. What is the maximum amount of debt on which they can deduct home equity interest? a. $75,000. b. $100,000. c. $120,000. d. $175,000. e. None of the above. Solution 1) b. $9,150. 2) c. $120,000. .

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1. Indentured servitude is no longer legal. An indenture was a contract binding a person to work for another for a given length of time (usually for many years), as an apprentice to a master or an immigrant to service in a colony. Such a relationship was a way for a poor but ambitious person to immigrate to a more prosperous country. The period of servitude, however, was harsh, and the penalty for breaking the contract extreme (imprisonment or worse). Evaluate the law prohibiting such contracts with respect to the concept of pareto efficiency Solution the indentured servitude is in the US history very imprtant role in the seventeenth centuary. the services are first started in US the virgina company recriuted the and transported the english laborus to the jamestown. the immigrants off the americas, for they will explians an indentured contract of six or seven years. this immigrants can pay the travel expences to the merica government. and agrred them to their term of services for the successful completion. it is introduced in virgina but spread in the british colonies in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuraies. now the important point here is that the indentured servents are single male. the induntured servents is labour system rateher than the slavery.both slavers and induntured are depend upon the masters household.both groups are sexual and physical exploitation. now we applied the induntured service in to pareto efficiency(the pareto efficiency explais that the doing of onething is impossible to better off without an some one worsen off) but the conditions are not applied in induntured servents case. they are alwys exploited by the mastress. they can completly avoid their economic freedom. .

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1. In Complex III of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, residues 180â€“196 are found in the ____________ domain and residue 104 is found in the _________ domain. a. intermembrane space; matrix b. membrane-spanning; intermembrane space c. membrane-spanning; matrix d. intermembrane space; membrnae-spanning 2. Comparison of the Fe2S2 clusters in Complexes II and III of the mitochondrial electron transport chain reveals that ________ coordinates the iron atoms of the cofactor in Complex II, and ____________ coordinate/s the iron atoms of the cofactor in Complex III. a. cysteine; cysteine and histidine b. cysteine; cysteine c. histidine; cysteine and histidine d. cysteine; histidine Solution 1) In Complex III of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, residues 180â€“196 are found in the Intermembrane domain and residue 104 is found in the Matrix domain. 2) Comparison of the Fe2S2 clusters in Complexes II and III of the mitochondrial electron transport chain reveals that cysteine coordinates the iron atoms of the cofactor in Complex II, and cysteine coordinate/s the iron atoms of the cofactor in Complex III. .

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1. List the most important criteria for selecting a recrystallization solvent. 2. When is it necessary to use a solvent-pair recrystallization? 3. Why should the recrystallization solvent have a fairly low boiling point? 4. What problems might occur if crystallization occurs too rapidly? 5. Why should the recrystallization mixture be cooled in an ice bath prior to filtering? 6. Why should the boiling point of the solvent be lower than the melting point of the Heat saurce compound being recrystallized? 7. Wisu i a dloud oin sgni when doing a solvent pair reryta Solution 1. There are 4 criteria to choose the solvent for recrysatllization...... A. The compound should be very soluble at the boiling point of solvent and only sparingly soluble at the room temp. This difference in solubility at hot vs cold temp is necessary for the process of recrysatllization. B. The unwanted impurities should be either very soluble in solvent at room temp or insoluble in solvent at high temp. C. The solvent should not react with the compound being crystallized. D. The solvent should be volatile enough to get easily removed when crystallization is complete. 2. If an impurity is less soluble it can be crysatllised first and tgen can be removed from the heated solution prior to recrysatllization of solure by filtration. If a single solvent dont have such property then a mixture of two solvents is used. For a solvent pair the first solvent should readilly dissolve the solute. 3. The solvents with low boiling points are easy to remove by simple evaporation from cyrstals. 4. If cyrstallization occur too rapidly then impurities may also be crystallized along with solute. If it is slow then the impurities that don\'t fit in the Crystal lattice of the solute have time to go back to the solution. .

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