1. Introduction to Facilitation ADLT 612 February 9, 2009

2. Agenda – Class 9 Developing Skills as a Group Facilitator

3. What is group facilitation?

4. Choosing Among Facilitator Roles

5. Key Features of the Skilled Facilitator Approach

6. A Group Effectiveness Model

7. Mental Models

8. Rules Governing Theories-in-Use

9. Model I Behaviors (unilateral control)

10. Model II Behaviors (mutual learning)

11. Nine Ground Rules for Effective Groups

12. Asking Observing Generating Telling Testing Asserting Explaining Skillful Dialogue ( Balancing Advocacy and Inquiry) Dialogue Bystanding Sensing Clarifying Interviewing ADVOCACY INQUIRY Low

13. Asking Observing Generating Telling Testing: “Here’s what I say, “What do you think of it?” Asserting: “Here’s what I say and here’s why I say it.” Explaining: “here’s how the world works and why I can see it that way.” Skillful Dialogue (Balancing Advocacy and Inquiry): Genuinely curious, makes reasoning explicit, asks others about assumptions Dialogue: Suspend all Assumptions, creating a “ container” in which collective thinking can emerge. Bystanding: Making comments which pertain to the group process, but not to content. Sensing: Watching the conversation flow without saying much, but keenly aware of all that transpires Clarifying: “What is the question we are trying to answer ?” Interviewing: Exploring others’ points of view, and the reasons behind them ADVOCACY INQUIRY Low

14. Dictating : “Here’s what I say, and never mind why.” ( dysfunctional) Interrogating: “ Why can’t you see that your point of view is wrong?” ( Dysfunctional ) ADVOCACY INQUIRY Politicking : Giving the impression of balancing advocacy and inquiry, while being close-minded ( dysfunctional) Withdrawing: Mentally Checking out of the room, and not paying attention ( Dysfunctional) Dysfunctional Forms of Advocacy and Inquiry

16. How Do You Apply the Ladder of Inference?