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P dn adolescents
- 1. Personality Disorders and Adolescents Tamara M. Miller
- 2. Personality Disorder O Has onset in adolescence or early adulthood and is stable over time. O Deeply ingrained patterns of thinking and behaving that generally leads to impaired relationships with others. O Is pervasive and inflexible O Grouped within three clusters under Axis II of the DSM.
- 3. The Clusters O Cluster A (Odd/Eccentric): includes the paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personality disorders. O Cluster B (Dramatic): includes the antisocial, narcissistic, borderline and histrionic personality disorders. O Cluster C (Anxious): includes avoidant, dependent, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders.
- 4. The Odd and Eccentric Paranoid Personality Disorder O Have you, a friend, or partner ever worried about a significant other cheating? O Have you gotten upset when a friend or significant other doesn’t text back right away? After five minutes? O Do you ever feel like you’re being watched? O Feel like your teacher or boss is just out for you?
- 5. The Odd and Eccentric Paranoid Personality Disorder A long-term mistrust and suspicion about the world and others. O Can lead to other disorders such as agoraphobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, or depression. O Believe others have hidden motives O Have expectations others will exploit them. O Tend to be hostile, detached, and will isolate themselves. Conspiracy Theory
- 6. The Odd and Eccentric Schizoid Personality Disorder A lifelong pattern of social indifference and social isolation with limited range of emotions. O Lack of interest in social relationships. O Desire for secretiveness and solitary. O Tendency for apathy or emotional coldness. O Will avoid social activities that involve emotional intimacy. O They don’t enjoy close relationships, even with family members. The Remains of the Day (2:48-5:34)
- 7. The Odd and Eccentric Schizotypal Personality Disorder A person who has trouble with relationships and disturbances in thought patterns, behavior, and appearance. O Belief in superstitions or paranormal is not uncommon. O Tend to feel uncomfortable in social situations and prefer isolation. O Have an odd pattern of speech, no close friends, inappropriate/odd displays of feelings and affect, and suspicions/paranoia. O Excessive social anxiety that does not diminish with familiarity and tends to be associated with paranoid fears rather than negative judgments about self.
- 8. Dramatics Histrionic Personality Disorder A person who behaves in a very dramatic and emotional way to draw attention to themselves. This includes: O Constant attention, reassurance or approval seeking, O Over-dramatic with exaggerate displays of emotion O Sensitivity to criticism/disapproval O Inappropriate sexual/seductive behavior and dress O self-centeredness, and sexual seductiveness.
- 9. Dramatics Histrionic Personality Disorder Continued… O Concern with physical appearance O Blaming disappointment/failure on others O Belief that relationships are more intimate than they really are O Easily influenced by others O Low tolerance for frustration or delayed satisfaction O Rapid shift in emotional states O Uncomfortable in situations where they are not center of attention
- 10. Dramatics Narcissistic Personality Disorder The Social Network 9:07-9:56 O Inflated, false sense of self-importance. O Belief that the world revolves around them (self-entitlement). O Lack of empathy for others. O Need for admiration and constant attention.
- 11. Dramatics Narcissistic Personality Disorder Tend to… O Use others to advance themselves O Reacts to criticism with rage, anger, or humiliation O Exaggerates own importance, talents, and achievements O Easily jealous O Requires constant positive reinforcement O Has unreasonable expectations for favorable treatment
- 12. Dramatics Antisocial Personality Disorder The Joker O Individuals who tend to violate or disregard the rights of others. O Intensity/severity varies There’s… O Disregard for society’s law O Violation of other’s physical or emotional rights O Manipulation/exploitation O Lack of remorse/guilt
- 13. Dramatics Antisocial Personality Disorder The Joker Continued… O Impulsivity and recklessness O Tendency for substance abuse O Often displays anger or arrogance O Childhood diagnosis of misconduct O Superficial wit and charm
- 14. Dramatics Borderline Personality Disorder … A long-term pattern of turbulent, unstable emotions regarding feelings about themselves and others. Includes pervasive interpersonal relationships, moods, self-image, and behavior. O Can experience anger, depression, or anxiety for mere hours or at most a day O Often uncertain about their own identity O Think in extremes
- 15. Dramatics Borderline Personality Disorder … O Fears of abandonment and intolerance of being alone O Have feelings of emptiness and loneliness O Frequent displays of inappropriate anger O Impulsiveness O Sensitive to rejection and change in plans O Repeated crises and acts of self injury
- 16. Anxious Avoidant Personality Disorder … A person who has a lifelong pattern of extreme shyness, feeling of inadequacy, and sensitivity to rejection. O Easily hurt by criticism/disapproval O Has no close friends and is reluctant to become involved with people O Will avoid activities or occupations that involve contact with others O Shy in social situations out of fear of doing something wrong O Exaggerates potential difficulties O Shows excessive restraint in intimate relationships O Holds view that they are socially inept, inferior, or unappealing to others
- 17. Anxious Dependent Personality Disorder … An overreliance on others to meet one’s physical and emotional needs. Includes a pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of that can lead to submissive and clinging behavior. O Inability to make own decisions O Can be upset by separation and loss O Have trouble disagreeing with others O Have problems taking initiative and acting independently O Feel uncomfortable or helpless when alone
- 18. Anxious Dependent Personality Disorder … Symptoms also include… O Willingness to do anything to stay in a relationship – tolerance of mistreatment or abuse O Extreme passivity O Avoidance of personal responsibility O Inability to meet ordinary demands of life
- 19. Anxious Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder … A condition in which a person is concerned with orderliness, control, and rules. O Have sense of urgency about their actions O Is angered should people interfere with their rigid routine – though, unable to express it directly O Have symptoms of perfectionism that begin as early as childhood O Will withdraw when not in control of situation O Excess devotion to work O Inability to throw away things O Lack of flexibility and generosity O Unwillingness to allow others to do things O Unwilling to show affection
Notes de l'éditeur
- Most if not all personality disorders are not diagnosed until the age of 18 despite the fact symptoms are sometimes evident from early childhood.
- These people believe that others have hidden motives, have expectations others will exploit them, they tend to be hostile, detached, and will isolate themselves.They will try to find evidence to support their suspicions and majority of the time their reasoning pattern holds logic, just not validity.Tend to be guarded even with family.
- They will try to find evidence to support their suspicions and majority of the time their reasoning pattern holds logic, just not validity.Tend to be guarded even with family.Causes: Though there is no sure cause, environmental and biological factors are considered. Treatment: talk therapy and medication are helpful
- Causes: similar to schizophrenia i.e. biological and environmental factors but is not as disabling. Does not cause hallucinations, delusions, or complete disconnect from reality. But no clear-cut known cause.Treatment: No set treatment that is known to be very effective. Better to limit emotional intimacy to help make and maintain connections.
- People with this disorder have a likelihood of being involved with cults.Beliefs include aliens, witch-craft, magic, telepathy, clairvoyance, etc.Close relations limited to first-degree family…no close friends or confidantsCause: Exact cause is unknown but believed to be linked to genetics. Treatment: Treatment can include talk therapy, antipsychotic medication, and social skill training.
- Cause: Unknown but genetics and early childhood events are considered factors. Signs begin to show themselves in late adolescents/early adulthoodTreatments: Talk therapy is best coarse of treatment. Medication can be helpful for some.
- Symptoms appear in mid to late adolescentsCauses: Believed causes to be oversensitivity from birth and parenting problems i.e. unpredictability in caregiving, over indulgence, over praise, emotional abuse as a childTreatment: Talk-therapy and social skill training to empathize with others
- 1. An adult only diagnosis! Only given to those under18 only if is evidence of conduct d/o before age 15.No exact known cause…but has been linked to genetic predisposition and child abuse and environmental factors i.e. role modelsCommon condition in prisonsMore men than women diagnosed2. The more egregious, harmful, or dangerous behavior patterns are referred to as sociopathic or psychopathic
- No proven treatment for this d/o…Hardest to treat
- 1. At high risk for suicideNo real cause but genetic and environmental factors considered….reports of abuse (sexual or physical), neglect, or separation/abandonment in early childhood. 3. B/c of lack of sure identity their goals, interests, and values in life are subject to change4. All good or all bad. Also outlook on people change. Can see others as the most amazing person one day and as the worst person the next.
- 2. Will see themselves as unworthy or bad and feel misunderstood or mistreated4. i.e. with money, substance abuse, sexual relationships, shoplifting, and binge eating6. Self injury includes cutting and over-dosingTalk therapy is the typical treatment used. Medication can also be prescribed.
- Loss and rejection is so painful they rather be lonely than risk trying to connect with others.People with this d/o only form relationships with others they believe will not reject them.They simply can’t stop thinking about their own short-comings.Causes: UnknownTreatment: Antidepressant medication can be helpful in reducing sensitivity to rejection. Talk-therapy is considered the most effective treatment especially Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
- Usually begins in childhood though earliest signs are noted in late adolescents/early adulthood.
- This d/o can lead to depression, substance abuse, and susceptibility to physical, emotional, and sexual abuse.Causes: unknownTreatment: Talk-therapy most effective but medication can be helpful in dealing with anxiety or depression.
- Unlike those with OCD who have unwanted thoughts, people with OCPD believe their thoughts are correctCauses: Because it tends to occur in families it’s believed to be genetic though environmental factors are considered.Treatment: medications can be used to help with anxiety and depression from this disorder. Talk therapy is considered most effective. However, the combination of both medication and therapy is the best coarse of treatment for some.