1. Future flying
The future of commercial airline
business?

2. Facts as of today
• Commercial airliner engines using kerosene are
seen very energy unefficient, noisy and polluting
• Airline industry has grown to multibillion
everyday business serving millions of passangers
and carry millions of tons of cargo each day
• Climate is warming up due to human activity –
mainly use of fossil fuels (oil and coal)
• Climate change has started to cause extreme
weather conditions affecting to air traffic service

3. Future facts?
• Energy prices rise due to the shortage of fossil fuels and
ever increasing demand
• In the medium long term it is clear that the economy will
turn into electric/hydrogen based
• In the long term hydrogen will be the fuel for commercial
airliners
• Commuter flying becomes uneconomical as the electric
high speed trains serve the travelling needs between cities
up to about 2000km apart (about 4 hours travelling time)
• Modified airliners using hydrogen will operate between
cities 2000-5000km apart using existing airfields (about 4
hours travelling time)
• High speed travelling between continents (5000- 22000km)
will be done using hydrogen fueled scramjet planes.

4. Hydrogen powered Ram/Scramjet
A ramjet engine. A scramjet engine.
A ramjet has no moving parts and achieves Scramjet is an acronym for Supersonic
compression of intake air by the forward Combustion Ramjet. The scramjet
speed of the air vehicle. Air entering the differs from the ramjet in that
intake of a supersonic aircraft is slowed by combustion takes place at supersonic
aerodynamic diffusion created by the inlet air velocities through the engine. It is
and diffuser to velocities comparable to mechanically simple, but vastly more
those in a turbojet augmentor. The complex aerodynamically than a jet
expansion of hot gases after fuel injection engine. Hydrogen is normally the fuel
and combustion accelerates the exhaust used.
air to a velocity higher than that at the
inlet and creates positive push.

5. Scramjet-powered planes (and missiles)
may be closer than you think
The race to build a working and dependable scramjet is happening all the world over
— the United States, China, Australia and who knows who else all want one.
DARPA's HTV-3X, also known as Blackswift, is an unmanned scramjet-powered
plane that may take to the skies as soon as 2012, hitting speeds of up to Mach 6.
Why the rush? Planes flying with scramjet engines would be able to fly from New
York to Tokyo in two hours. Certainly more enticing to the nations of the world, a
missile using a scramjet would be able to hit any target anywhere on the globe in a
handful of minutes.
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/37377401/ns/technology_and_science-space/

6. Lift the runway to 10km height!
In order to reduce the take-off energy the scramjet plane fueling,
maintenance and loading could be done in a constant airflow
altitude.
The platform would be mostly remotely robotically operated on top of
series of hydrogen balloons.
The platform would carry windmills to produce electricity for the
platform operations and hydrogen generation on the ground.
The platform would be anchored to the ground with nanocarbon
cables, which also would carry electricity to the ground.
The hydrogen would rise by itself through tubes to the platform to be
used for suspension balloon control and liquidated fuel for scramjet
planes.
Helium blimbs (for safety reasons) would lift cargo, aircrews and
passangers to the platform and back to the terminal on the ground.

7. Plane structure
The plane would consist of four relatively independent parts:
• The frame would consist of a hull, wings, engines and aviation
equipment.
• The cockpit would consist of life support to pilots, navigational and
communication equipment.
• Cargo/passanger module would carry life support, entertainment,
nourishment etc systems for passangers and aircrew as well as
emergency beacon and module parachutes. This module will be
fully airtight, unflammable and capable of floating even when fully
loaded.
• Liquid hydrogen fuel tank
All these can be separated from each other in case of emergengy in
the air (explosive bolts)
The cockpit and passanger module are like monocock in F1 car
designed to shield the people inside in an accident.

8. Loading and unloading the plane
The frame and the fuel tank would land on the ground only for regular maintenance ,
if it can not become maintained on the platform.
The cockpit and cargo/passanger module would be checked, maintained, loaded and
unloaded on the ground terminal below the platform.
Helium blimbs (for safety reasons) would lift cockpit cargo and and cargo/passanger
module to the platform and back to the terminal on the ground.
On the platform the robots would attach the cockpit and and cargo/passanger module
to the frame, then the filled hydrogen fuel tank, and check that the plane is
operational before liftoff.
Lastly the robots would attach the liguid helium booster rockets to the plane, that
would accelerate the plane to the needed supersonic speed for the scramjet to
start. These rockets would be dropped off when used.
On arrival the plane’s high electric charge is used to decelerate on the platform and
conducted to neutrality before any unloading operation.
The people will stay within the module until the blimbs have taken the module to the
ground for unloading.
Every passanger brings in personal luggage into the passanger module and takes the
luggage with them, too. During the flight there’s no access to luggage lockers.