nutraceuticals are substances provides distinct health and medicinal benifits, classification prebiotics.......lycopene.........................................
2. Times are changing…..
∗ 75% of Indians below 40 are stressed
∗ 35% -prone to diseases
Lifestyle habits are changing,
common lifestyle diseases are sleeping disorders ,stroke
heart attack,cancers e.t.c
NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS - provid a well rounded
health and fitness.
3. ∗ Greek Physician Hippocrates,
Known as father of Medicine.
(said several centuries ago)
“Let Food be Your Medicine”
The Philosophy behind is:
“Focus on Prevention”
4. Nutraceutical can be defined as
The term “Nutraceutical” was coined from
“Nutrition” & “Pharmaceutical” in 1989 by Stephen
DeFelice,MD, Founder and Chairman of the Foundation for
Innovation in Medicine (FIM).
“A
food or part of food or nutrient, that
provides health benefits, including the
prevention and treatment of a disease.”
5. Broadly can be defined as:
∗ Nutrients: Substances which have established
Nutritional functions e.g. Vitamins, Minerals, Amino
Acids, Fatty acids, etc.
∗ Herbals/ Phytochemicals: Herbs or Botanical products
∗ Dietary Supplements: Probiotics, Prebiotics, Antioxidants,
Enzymes, etc.
11. Inorganic mineral supplements
Calcium: essential for bone and teeth, maintaining bone
strength, nerve, muscle and glandular function, blood
clotting,
Iron: energy production, Hb, oxygen transport.
Magnesium: for healthy nerve and muscle function, bone
formation,
Phosphorous: energy production, phosphorylation
process, bone and teeth, for genetic material,
12.
Cobalt: component of Vit. B 12 and B 12
coenzymes,
Copper: Hb and collagen production, function of
heart, energy production, absorption of Iron,
Iodine: proper function of Thyroid gland,
Chromium: with insulin it helps in conversion of
carbohydrate and fat into energy, treatment of
diabetes,
13.
Selenium: Antioxidant, functioning of heart muscle,
part of GPX enzyme,
Zinc: Essential for cell reproduction, for
development in Neonates, wound healing,
production of sperm and testosterone hormone,
14.
15.
Vitamins
Fat Soluble Vitamins
Vitamin A: Acts as antioxidant, essential for growth and
development, maintains healthy vision, skin and mucous
membranes, may aid in the prevention and treatment of certain
cancers and in the treatment of certain skin disorders.
Vitamin D: Essential for formation of bones and teeth, helps the
body to absorb and use calcium.
Vitamin E: Antioxidant, helps to form blood cells, boosts immune
system
Vitamin K: Essential for blood clotting
16.
17.
Vitamin C: Antioxidant, necessary for healthy bones, gums,
teeth and skin. Helps in wound healing, prevent from
common cold
Vitamin B 1: Helps in carbohydrate metabolism, essential for
neurological function.
Vitamin B 2: Energy metabolism, maintain healthy eye, skin
and nerve function.
Vitamin B 3: Energy metabolism, brain function
Vitamin B 6: Helps to produce essential proteins, convert
proteins to energy
Vitamin B 12: Help in producing genetic material, formation of
RBC, maintenance of CNS, synthesis of amino acids,
18.
Folic acid: Helps in RBC formation, formation of
genetic material of cell, very much essential during
pregnancy
Pantothenic acid: Aids in synthesis of cholesterol,
steroids, and fatty acids, crucial for intraneuronal
synthesis of acetylcholine.
19. probitics
Live microorganisms which, when administered
in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on
the host
Species of Lactobacillus
Bifidobacterium
yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
some E. coli and Bacillus species are also used as
probiotics
21. prebiotics
Nondigestible substances that provide a
beneficial physiological effect for the host by
selectively stimulating the favorable growth of
a limited number of indigenous bacteria.
Commonly known prebiotics are:
Oligofructose .
Inulin
Galacto-oligosaccharides
Lactulose
22.
23. Phytochemicals could provide health benefits as;
•
Substrate for biochemical reactions
•
Cofactors of enzymatic reactions
•
Inhibitors of enzymatic reactions
•
Absorbents that bind to & eliminate undesirable
constituent in the intestine
•
Scavengers of reactive or toxic chemicals
•
Enhance the absorption and / or stability of essential
nutrients
•
Selective growth factor for beneficial bacteria
•
Fermentation substrate for beneficial bacteria
•
Selective inhibitors of deleterious intestinal bacteria
24. There are thousands of phytochemicals. But
some of the basic classes of them are found in
these foods:
Cruciferous vegetables: broccoli, cauliflower,
cabbage, dark leafy greens.
Phytochemicals found are: organosulfur and
glucosinolates and they may help prevent cancer.
25.
26.
27. Phytochemical family
Tomatoes and Watermelons
Phytochemical
Lycopene
found: Lycopene
has been found to be 2 times as
powerful as beta carotene (Vitamin A) in the
destruction of free radicals.
Cancer prevention..
28. ∗ Used in the treatment of heart
diseases.
∗ Prevent diabetes.
∗ Infertility treatment .
31. Phytochemicals in orange
∗ Oranges are well known for their high vitamin c level .
∗ Oranges contain other important phytochemical including
carotenoids,isohesperidin,terpeniol, flavonoids, hesperidin,
limonene.
∗ Benefits of orange
∗ The orange oil is used to treat chronic bronchitis.
∗ Tea made from dried orange flowers stimulates the nervous system.
Orange peel is traditionally used to treat sleeping problems.
∗ The phytochemicals limonene and flavonoids appear to have anticarcinogenic properties.
∗ They can block the carcinogenesis by acting as a blocking agent.
∗ limonin and limonene can induce the enzyme activity of glutathione Stransferase, which is an important detoxifying enzyme.
∗ Feeding of orange oils, rich in limonene, seemed to inhibit tumors of
forestomach, lung and mammary tumorsa
33. Dietary fibre
• Structural carbohydrate of plants
• Neither digested nor absorbed
• Insoluble fibers - Predominant
–
–
–
–
Absorbs water in gastrointestinal tract
Promotes regular elimination
Increases stool weight
Speeds up digestion/elimination time
• Soluble fibers - Health benefits
– Lowers serum cholesterol
– Regulates blood sugar levels
34. Intake of
Dietary Fiber
• Increased fiber intake may reduce risk of: Legumes:
15-19 g/cup
– Gastrointestinal diseases
– Hypertension
– Diabetes
– Heart disease
– Several types of cancer (Colon)
Wheat bran
(17 g/cup)
• Recommended: 20-35 g daily
• Best sources: fruit, vegetables, whole grain
breads/cereals, beans, rice, nuts, seeds
• Adequate water intake is important
35. Based on Therapeutic Use:
Nutraceuticals
• For bone &joint health- fish oils
• For Migrane risk reduction- tea
• For Cancer risk reduction- soy
• For Eye health- leutin
• For Diabetes- fenugreek
36. LEUTIN
∗ Local name : Marigold
: Asteraceae
∗ Family
: Prevents the cataract,
∗ Uses
Protects macula of eye
41. FENUGREEK
SOURCE :
Trig o ne lla fo e num-g rae cum
FA I Le g umino se ae
M LY:
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS :
Alkaloids
(gentianine and trigonelline)
flavanoids,
coumarins,
proteins,amino acids,
steroid saponins. USES :
In treatment of anorexia,
gastritis.
Fenugreek possess laxative, expectorant, demulcent properties.
Shows hypoglycemic and
hypocholesterolemic
properties
GRCP( DEPT OF PHARMACOLOGY)
41
42. ∗ Green tea: Antioxidant, reduces risk of CVD, enhances humoral and
cell mediated Immunity,
∗ Vegetables, fruits, whole grain, herbs, nuts and various seeds contain
an abundance of phenolic compounds, terpenoids, sulphur compounds,
pigments etc. that has been associated with protection / treatment of
certain disease conditions,
43. CONCLUSION
∗ Nutraceuticals are present in most of the food ingredients with varying
concentration
∗ Concentration, time and duration of supply of nutraceuticals influence
human health
∗ Manipulating the foods, the concentration of active ingredients can be
increased
∗ Diet rich in nutraceuticals along with regular exercise, stress reduction
and maintenance of healthy body weight will maximise health and
reduce disease risk