1. Southern Colonies

2. Virginia
Began in 1607 at Jamestown. First permanent English colony
in North America.
Named for Queen Elizabeth of England (The Virgin Queen -
had no husband).
Principal cities: Jamestown, Williamsburg.
First to have elected representative body (House of Burgesses
- a fore-runner of the Congress)

3. Maryland
Founded by Lord Baltimore, an English nobleman who was
also a Catholic.
Colony was intended to be a haven for Catholics, but allowed
all Christian faiths to be practiced there (like most
colonies, it did not permit Jews).
Principal cities: Baltimore, Annapolis

4. Carolina (North and South)
Founded in 1670 at Charles Town (Charleston).
Named for the English King Charles II ("Charles" in English =
"Carol" in Latin).
Dispute over who should rule the colony led to complete
division into North and South Carolina in 1712.
North Carolina was made up of mostly poor tobacco farmers
while South Carolina was run by wealthy rice plantation
owners.
Principal cities: Charleston (SC), Wilmington (NC)

5. Georgia
Last of the original 13 colonies.
Founded in 1733 by James Ogelthorpe as a haven for debtors
(people in jail for owing money).
Intended to be a silk-producing colony where slavery would be
banned. It was to act as a buffer to protect South Carolina's
slave-based economy from interference by Spanish Florida
(where slavery was banned and the governor often offered
incentives for British slaves who ran away).
Silk failed, rice plantations took over, Georgia became a clone
of South Carolina....with all of South Carolina's vulnerabilities
as they pertained to slavery.

6. Shared characteristics of Southern
Colonies
-large-scale, cash crop, plantation-
based agriculture, primarily centered on
coastal areas. (Tobacco in the northern parts,
rice and indigo in the southern parts)
-heavy reliance on African slavery

7. Slavery in the 13 colonies
At first, plantations were worked by indentured servants, poor
whites from Europe who agreed to basically be slaves for 7
years in exchange for passage to America.
Europeans were no match for African slaves, whose knowledge
of things like rice production made them particularly valuable.
As slavery made plantations more profitable, slavery became
more permanent and race-based.
slavery existed in all colonies (except Pennsylvania) but was
most predominant in the South.

8. The Triangular Trade
Rum, manufactured goods (tools, guns) from the England and
the 13 colonies went to West Africa in exchange for slaves.
Slaves from West Africa were traded in the Caribbean for
molasses and sugar.
Molasses and sugar from the Caribbean were traded in
England and the 13 Colonies for Rum and manufactured
goods.
...and the process repeats.