A way to classify (and draw implications from) xAPI learning experience types that were previously not possible or not easy with SCORM and traditional LMS

1. xAPI Models & ImplicationsMEGAN TORRANCE, TORRANCELEARNING

2. What is SCORM?
 Time
 Score
 Location
 Status
 Answers

3. Dollarphotoclub_94940084
Activity Provider
Activity Statement
Learning Record Store

4. Dollarphotoclub_94940084
Activity Provider
Content
Activity Statement
Learning Record Store
You
Legacy content

5. Kirkpatrick’s Levels of Training
Evaluation
Level 2 Level 2 Level 3 / 4 Level 4 / 5
Behaviors
!
Practice &
Testing
Knowledge &
Retention
Results & ROI
Level 1
Satisfaction &
Experience
SCORM
xAPI

6. The 70/20/10
People ExperienceFormal
SCORM
xAPI

7. Conrad Gottfredson & Bob Mosher's
5 (9) Moments of Learning Need
5 Moments of Learning Need: Gottfredson & Mosher
9 Moments of Need: Torrance
Apply
New
More
Solve
Change
SCORM
xAPI
SCORM
Before
Prepare
Remember
Teach

8. What can you do now that you have
xAPI?
 Learn more about the learning experience
 Learn more about the performance
 Correlate learning with performance
 Correlate learning with results
 Correlate performance with results
 Offer more targeted training
 Support performance in better ways
 Learn from others
 Share learning with others
 Compare performance and learning across learners
 Deliver and track training outside of the LMS

9. A taxonomy of xAPI projects
 Some trail markers make it easier.
 The markers help you sort out:
 The nature of the experience
 The nature of transactions
 The context of the situation
 Who the initiator of the transaction is
 The purpose for the evaluation

10. The experience is …
Social
 Activity is (can be) shared
with and followed by others
 Activity is consumed
horizontally across the
organization
 Encourages learning from
others (high performers)
Personal
 Activity is (relatively) private
 Activity is primarily
consumed by the learner
and vertically with leaders
S P

11. The transactions are…
Predictable
 We know the triggers and
when to expect them
 We know the possible range
of statements
Variable
 Triggers are “random” or at
least not prescribed
 Verbs and direct objects are
unknown until used
P V

12. The context is …
Learning
 Transactions document the
learning process and/or
performance simulations
 Source of transactions has
(often) been created by the
L&D team
Performance
 Transactions document
actual performance
 Source of transactions has
been created by (or in)
another source and sent to
or imported by the learning
system
L P

13. The initiator is …
The learner
 The learner
chooses when
to document
the experience.
An observer
 An observer
chooses when
to document
the experience.
The environment
The experience is
documented behind the
scenes.
The learner may not be
overtly aware of it.
L O E

14. The evaluation is …
Formative
 What do you know?
What don’t you know?
 Data is used to determine
learning gaps (and
ultimately fill them).
Summative
 What have you learned?
What can you do with it?
 Data used to certify that
learning has happened.
F S

15. Experienceis…Transactionsare..Contextis…Initiatoris…Evaluationis…
USECASES
WHYxAPI?
Traditional SCORM Elearning
 Learners access elearning in a learning
management system (LMS).
 Important metrics include completion,
score, status, location.
If this works for the situation,
there may be no need for an
xAPI solution.
Traditional compliance course
Info & test-based course
E
L
P
P ersonal
redictable
earning
nvironment
S ummative

16. SCORM on steroids
Where can I get it?
Sean Putman’s work in
xapiquarterly.com

17. Experienceis…Transactionsare..Contextis…Initiatoris…Evaluationis…
USECASES
WHYxAPI?
SCORM on steroids
 Track all the things.
 You need to track more, and more
easily, than could ever be done with
SCORM.
 This formal learning environment is still
a private experience.
 You need to track multiple people doing
the same thing together.
Document more about learning Learner groups working
together
Don’t have SCORM & need to
start up fast
L
L
P
P
S
ersonal
redictable
earning
earner
ummative

18. The hypomnema
Where can I get it?
https://github.com/To
rranceLearning/book
marklet
tincanapi.com/
bookmarklet/

19. Experienceis…Transactionsare..Contextis…Initiatoris…Evaluationis…
USECASES
WHYxAPI?
Personal organizer
Class assignment to collect
resources
The hypomnema
 Personal learning diary
 Learner bookmarks web pages and
experiences to create a personal diary.
 Others can see or follow the path. High
performers can be followed.
 Tag and comment on pages.
 Creates a personalized & transferrable
library.
Document more about learning
L
L
V
S
earning
earner
?
ocial
ariable

20. The experience learning to do list
Where can I get it?
https://github.com/To
rranceLearning/xAPI-
Gnome

21. Experienceis…Transactionsare..Contextis…Initiatoris…Evaluationis…
USECASES
WHYxAPI?
The experience learning to do list
 Personal learning checklist
 The learner has a checklist of things to
accomplish as part of a curriculum.
 SCORM and non-SCORM items can be
on the checklist.
 Two-way communication with the LRS
means the learner can initiate some
checks, and others can be gathered
“hands-free.”
Track learning outside the LMS
Learn more about the learning
process
Support performance
New hire checklist
Coaching checklists
Deli counter prep checklist
L
L
P
P
F
ersonal
redictable
earning
earner
ormative

22. CASE:
You are building or
acquiring a tool that
will allow an
observer to rate an
employee’s skills
based on a rubric
and transmit that
data via xAPI.
P ersonal
s ocial
V ariable
P redictable
P erformance
L earning
S ummative
F ormative
O bserver
L earner
E nvironment

23. So what?!?!

24. The experience is …
Social Personal
S P

25. The transactions are…
Predictable Variable
P V

26. The context is …
Learning Performance
L P

27. The initiator is …
The learner An observer The environment
L O E

28. The evaluation is …
Formative Summative
F S