Structure and Function

2.  Living things will have to do certain things in
order to stay alive
 Animals have to move, eat and exchange gas
(breathe)
 Plants exchange gas and absorb nutrients

5.  Organisms have developed many different
ways to accomplish this through;
◦ Body parts – Called Stuctures
◦ Eg. Humans breathe through use of lungs
◦ Grasshoppers breathe through holes in their
abdomens
◦ Fish through gills
◦ Etc…

7.  All organisms have to perform certain
functions in order to stay alive such as
breathing
 Plants and animals have developed different
ways to accomplish each task

8. Some have fins

11.  Tentacles

12.  Insects have pincers

13.  Mammals have teeth

14.  Some mammals use their tongues because
they lack teeth

15.  Many animals will have the same structure
but it may be a tad different
 On the Galapagos Islands a famous study by
Charles Darwin compared 13 closely related
species of finches to each other
 Can you spot the difference?

17.  Although these finches are of a similar
species they had different features to perform
the same task
 Each of the bill types worked best for the
food on that section of the Islands
 Look at page 92 in textbook to see uses of
each finch beak
◦ Pointy was for insects in bark, Parrot shaped was
for fruit, similar parrot shape for nuts and seeds

18.  This study opened the door to the idea of
evolution and Darwinian belief of “Survival of
the Fittest”
 This explains that the best suited animal will
thrive in that area while the least suited will
die off
 Also called “Natural Selection”