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A Secure Milk Supply (SMS) Plan in
Preparedness for an FMD Outbreak
Response
Current Focus and Progress to Date…
National Institute of Animal Agriculture
Animal Health Emergency Management
Council
Tuesday March 27, 2012
Pam Hullinger DVM, MPVM, DACVPM
UC Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine
Presentation Overview
• Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD)
– Why is preparedness critical?
• FMD SMS Response Planning
– FMD Continuity of business planning
– SMS national and regional efforts
• Secure Milk Supply (SMS) Plan
– Partners
– Project components
– Products and developments to date
– Current focus
Presumptive World FMD
Prevalence
3
The US Dairy industry has
changed since 1929
4
“We must be prepared
to respond in new ways”
FMD virus in dairy products
• Shed in milk
• Single HTST pasteurization
does not completely
inactivate it
– Low levels of virus if milk pH above 7.0
• Traditionally zero tolerance
despite no public health risk
• Trade partners (OIE), other
industry lack of acceptance
World Organization for Animal Health
(OIE) Terrestrial Animal Health Code
• “…assures the sanitary safety of
international trade in terrestrial
animals and their products”
– Article 8.5.38 (2010)
• Procedures for inactivation of FMD virus in
milk and cream for human consumption
– Article 8.5.39 (2010)
• Procedures for inactivation of FMD virus in
milk for animal consumption
National FMD Response
Planning and Preparedness
Continuity of Business (COB) Planning
What is the national Secure Milk
Supply Project ?
• A US dairy industry focused continuity
of business planning effort for a foot-
and-mouth disease outbreak response
– Initially focused on raw milk movement
from farm to processing
• Public-private partnership for FAD
response planning facilitated by
academia
• Desired outcome is mutually agreed
upon and understood response
approaches that allow disease control
without “destroying” the dairy industry
8
Developed in coordination with the
National FMD Response Plan
• FMD Response Goals (5.1.1)
– Detect, control, contain FMD
in animals as quickly as possible
– Eradicate FMD using strategies
that stabilize animal agriculture,
food supply, economy
– Provide science- and risk-based approaches
and systems that facilitate continuity of
business for non-infected animals and
non-contaminated animal products (eg
MILK)
9
USDA-APHIS FAD PReP
FMD Movement Guidelines
• FMD Control Area
– Size variable
– Movement by
permit and risk
assessment only
• Goal: Movement
within the Control
Area does not
promote FMD
virus spread
“Move milk, not FMD virus”
11
First 72 Hours of FMD Outbreak
Secure Milk Supply (SMS)
Plan – Partners
National SMS Partners
13
Academia
• Iowa State University,
Center for Food Security
and Public Health
– Jim Roth, DVM, PhD, DACVM
– Danelle Bickett-Weddle, DVM,
MPH, PhD, DACVPM
• University of California, Davis
– Pam Hullinger, DVM, MVPM,
DACVPM
• University of Minnesota,
Center for Animal Health
and Food Safety
– Tim Goldsmith, DVM, MPH,
DACVPM
– Kristen Johnson, DVM, MS
USDA-APHIS-VS
• National Center for
Animal Health Emergency
Management (NCAHEM)
– Jon Zack, DVM
– Provides funding for
project
• Centers for Epidemiology
and Animal Health (CEAH)
Industry
• Primary stakeholders
• Subject matter experts
• Workgroup participation
State Animal Health
Officials
State/Regional SMS Efforts
• North Carolina – Dairy biosecurity workgroup
• SMS-Wisconsin
– Coordinated by the Wisconsin Milk Marketing Board
• New England States Animal Agricultural Security
Alliance (NESAASA) – Six NE states
• 5 Mid-Atlantic states
• Colorado
• New York
• California
• North-West states
• Quarterly coordination
calls
14
SMS Partners:
National Steering Committee
• Members
– Awareness of the topic, issues
– Access to industry and emergency
management expertise
• Participation in Working Groups
• Organizers welcome input,
opportunity to discuss project with
other stakeholder groups as needed
15
Originally four workgroups and
proactive risk assessment
1. Premises biosecurity
2. Milk hauler (transport) biosecurity
3. Milk processing biosecurity
• Draft guidance shared with USDA-
APHIS, States, informs risk assessments
4. Milk movement decision support
• Develop a proposed decision
matrix/tools for Incident Management
Team to utilize during FMD outbreak
5. Proactive risk assessment
Secure Milk Supply (SMS)
Plan – Components
Biosecurity Performance
Standards
• Establish expectations to prevent
FMD spread
• Overarching goal by which to develop
more specific protocols or procedures
• Developed by members of various SMS
Plan Biosecurity Working Groups
• Designed to be objective, realistic,
verifiable, and clearly stated pre-event
Executive Summary and
Biosecurity Documents
20
• Premises, hauler, processing plant
• Standardized language based on
input
– Purpose
– Intended Audience
– Scope
– Info about FMD
– Terminology
– Cleaning and Disinfection
– Approved Disinfectants
• Final ‘drafts” with executive
summary delivered in January
2012
FMD Entering/Leaving a Dairy
Transport Vehicles
People’s Clothing,
Footwear
Feed
Raw Milk
Airborne
Rodents, Birds
Dogs, Cats
Off-farm
Equipment
Animals and Animal Products
Movement Decision Tools and
Matrix Workgroup
• Developing tools to facilitate managed
movement and permitting decisions
– Proposed scheme for phases and types of
an outbreak
– Decision matrix by phases of an outbreak
– Recommendations for milk recall
– Recommendations for processing milk for
human and animal consumption
• Call with the NASAHO in April
22
Proposed phases and types of an
FMD outbreak response
Permitted movements during an outbreak
response differs from routine permitting
• Who sets the criteria
– States vs. Incident Command
• Who manages the data
– States vs. Incident Command
• Data collection and management
– Requires a scalable system, web-based?
• Who needs to know?
– Interconnectivity with state systems?
Decision and permitting support -
key messages
• Make as many decisions as possible
prior to the outbreak
– Incorporate into response plans
• For COB plans to be implemented
quickly, a robust, scalable, functional
permitting system must be in place
– This requires premises data and
permitting criteria
– Without traceability in place, populating
a permitting system will take more time
Proactive risk assessment
• Scope:
– Assessment of the risk associated with the
movement of raw Grade A milk
into, within, and outside of a Control Area
during a FMD outbreak prior
to processing
• First step: Normal dairy operations
• Supports proposed SMS biosecurity
standards and movement matrix
• First draft available soon, industry
input/review will be needed
Risk Assessment - Bioaerosols
• This is one part of the larger proactive
risk assessment for the transport of raw
milk into, within, and outside of a
control area during an FMD outbreak
• Scenarios considered for bioaerosol
formation:
1. during pumping of raw milk into the
tanker and passage of aerosols through
the vent system
2. via accidental loss of raw milk through the
vent system during conveyance on the
road
Risk Assessment - Bioaerosols
• Conclusion: The overall risk of
bioaerosols containing FMDv emanating
from a milk tanker and causing disease
in susceptible animals is low to very
low with moderate uncertainty.
• Moderate uncertainty indicates
knowledge gaps and a need for future
research
• Given the available research, expert
opinion is that this event is very
unlikely to occur
Many challenges remain
• Adaptation and integration of
national guidance to states and
regions
• Development, review and agreement
on specific farm and plant
disinfection SOPs that are feasible,
meet BPS and local/state regulations
• Citric Acid – US EPA Section 18
exemption
Many challenges remain
• Movement guidance for live animals
and other non-animal movements
• Agreement on permit criteria and
understanding of available tools for
issuing and management
• Raw milk processors
– Pre-planning for how these facilities will
be handled
We welcome your participation
and input on the Working Groups
Sunseted Premises, Milk hauler
(transport) and Processing plant BWG
1. Decision support and permitting tools
– Chairs: Jim jaroth@iastate.edu or
Pam phullinger@ucdavis.edu
2. Cleaning and Disinfection
– Chair: Danelle dbw@iastate.edu
3. Risk Assessment
– Chair:Tim gold0188@umn.edu
31
Preparedness is a choice…..
Industry and
regulators must
pre-plan together
Biosecurity will be
key to stopping the
disease !
www.securemilksupply.org
• Project updates
• Working group info
• Partner information
– Contact information
• FMD info
• Documents are
NOT posted due to
‘draft’ status
Questions?

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Dr. Pam Hullinger - Foot and Mouth Disease Continuity of Business Planning: Current Focus and Progress to Date

  • 1. A Secure Milk Supply (SMS) Plan in Preparedness for an FMD Outbreak Response Current Focus and Progress to Date… National Institute of Animal Agriculture Animal Health Emergency Management Council Tuesday March 27, 2012 Pam Hullinger DVM, MPVM, DACVPM UC Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine
  • 2. Presentation Overview • Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) – Why is preparedness critical? • FMD SMS Response Planning – FMD Continuity of business planning – SMS national and regional efforts • Secure Milk Supply (SMS) Plan – Partners – Project components – Products and developments to date – Current focus
  • 4. The US Dairy industry has changed since 1929 4 “We must be prepared to respond in new ways”
  • 5. FMD virus in dairy products • Shed in milk • Single HTST pasteurization does not completely inactivate it – Low levels of virus if milk pH above 7.0 • Traditionally zero tolerance despite no public health risk • Trade partners (OIE), other industry lack of acceptance
  • 6. World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) Terrestrial Animal Health Code • “…assures the sanitary safety of international trade in terrestrial animals and their products” – Article 8.5.38 (2010) • Procedures for inactivation of FMD virus in milk and cream for human consumption – Article 8.5.39 (2010) • Procedures for inactivation of FMD virus in milk for animal consumption
  • 7. National FMD Response Planning and Preparedness Continuity of Business (COB) Planning
  • 8. What is the national Secure Milk Supply Project ? • A US dairy industry focused continuity of business planning effort for a foot- and-mouth disease outbreak response – Initially focused on raw milk movement from farm to processing • Public-private partnership for FAD response planning facilitated by academia • Desired outcome is mutually agreed upon and understood response approaches that allow disease control without “destroying” the dairy industry 8
  • 9. Developed in coordination with the National FMD Response Plan • FMD Response Goals (5.1.1) – Detect, control, contain FMD in animals as quickly as possible – Eradicate FMD using strategies that stabilize animal agriculture, food supply, economy – Provide science- and risk-based approaches and systems that facilitate continuity of business for non-infected animals and non-contaminated animal products (eg MILK) 9
  • 10. USDA-APHIS FAD PReP FMD Movement Guidelines • FMD Control Area – Size variable – Movement by permit and risk assessment only • Goal: Movement within the Control Area does not promote FMD virus spread “Move milk, not FMD virus”
  • 11. 11 First 72 Hours of FMD Outbreak
  • 12. Secure Milk Supply (SMS) Plan – Partners
  • 13. National SMS Partners 13 Academia • Iowa State University, Center for Food Security and Public Health – Jim Roth, DVM, PhD, DACVM – Danelle Bickett-Weddle, DVM, MPH, PhD, DACVPM • University of California, Davis – Pam Hullinger, DVM, MVPM, DACVPM • University of Minnesota, Center for Animal Health and Food Safety – Tim Goldsmith, DVM, MPH, DACVPM – Kristen Johnson, DVM, MS USDA-APHIS-VS • National Center for Animal Health Emergency Management (NCAHEM) – Jon Zack, DVM – Provides funding for project • Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health (CEAH) Industry • Primary stakeholders • Subject matter experts • Workgroup participation State Animal Health Officials
  • 14. State/Regional SMS Efforts • North Carolina – Dairy biosecurity workgroup • SMS-Wisconsin – Coordinated by the Wisconsin Milk Marketing Board • New England States Animal Agricultural Security Alliance (NESAASA) – Six NE states • 5 Mid-Atlantic states • Colorado • New York • California • North-West states • Quarterly coordination calls 14
  • 15. SMS Partners: National Steering Committee • Members – Awareness of the topic, issues – Access to industry and emergency management expertise • Participation in Working Groups • Organizers welcome input, opportunity to discuss project with other stakeholder groups as needed 15
  • 16. Originally four workgroups and proactive risk assessment 1. Premises biosecurity 2. Milk hauler (transport) biosecurity 3. Milk processing biosecurity • Draft guidance shared with USDA- APHIS, States, informs risk assessments 4. Milk movement decision support • Develop a proposed decision matrix/tools for Incident Management Team to utilize during FMD outbreak 5. Proactive risk assessment
  • 17. Secure Milk Supply (SMS) Plan – Components
  • 18. Biosecurity Performance Standards • Establish expectations to prevent FMD spread • Overarching goal by which to develop more specific protocols or procedures • Developed by members of various SMS Plan Biosecurity Working Groups • Designed to be objective, realistic, verifiable, and clearly stated pre-event
  • 19.
  • 20. Executive Summary and Biosecurity Documents 20 • Premises, hauler, processing plant • Standardized language based on input – Purpose – Intended Audience – Scope – Info about FMD – Terminology – Cleaning and Disinfection – Approved Disinfectants • Final ‘drafts” with executive summary delivered in January 2012
  • 21. FMD Entering/Leaving a Dairy Transport Vehicles People’s Clothing, Footwear Feed Raw Milk Airborne Rodents, Birds Dogs, Cats Off-farm Equipment Animals and Animal Products
  • 22. Movement Decision Tools and Matrix Workgroup • Developing tools to facilitate managed movement and permitting decisions – Proposed scheme for phases and types of an outbreak – Decision matrix by phases of an outbreak – Recommendations for milk recall – Recommendations for processing milk for human and animal consumption • Call with the NASAHO in April 22
  • 23. Proposed phases and types of an FMD outbreak response
  • 24. Permitted movements during an outbreak response differs from routine permitting • Who sets the criteria – States vs. Incident Command • Who manages the data – States vs. Incident Command • Data collection and management – Requires a scalable system, web-based? • Who needs to know? – Interconnectivity with state systems?
  • 25. Decision and permitting support - key messages • Make as many decisions as possible prior to the outbreak – Incorporate into response plans • For COB plans to be implemented quickly, a robust, scalable, functional permitting system must be in place – This requires premises data and permitting criteria – Without traceability in place, populating a permitting system will take more time
  • 26. Proactive risk assessment • Scope: – Assessment of the risk associated with the movement of raw Grade A milk into, within, and outside of a Control Area during a FMD outbreak prior to processing • First step: Normal dairy operations • Supports proposed SMS biosecurity standards and movement matrix • First draft available soon, industry input/review will be needed
  • 27. Risk Assessment - Bioaerosols • This is one part of the larger proactive risk assessment for the transport of raw milk into, within, and outside of a control area during an FMD outbreak • Scenarios considered for bioaerosol formation: 1. during pumping of raw milk into the tanker and passage of aerosols through the vent system 2. via accidental loss of raw milk through the vent system during conveyance on the road
  • 28. Risk Assessment - Bioaerosols • Conclusion: The overall risk of bioaerosols containing FMDv emanating from a milk tanker and causing disease in susceptible animals is low to very low with moderate uncertainty. • Moderate uncertainty indicates knowledge gaps and a need for future research • Given the available research, expert opinion is that this event is very unlikely to occur
  • 29. Many challenges remain • Adaptation and integration of national guidance to states and regions • Development, review and agreement on specific farm and plant disinfection SOPs that are feasible, meet BPS and local/state regulations • Citric Acid – US EPA Section 18 exemption
  • 30. Many challenges remain • Movement guidance for live animals and other non-animal movements • Agreement on permit criteria and understanding of available tools for issuing and management • Raw milk processors – Pre-planning for how these facilities will be handled
  • 31. We welcome your participation and input on the Working Groups Sunseted Premises, Milk hauler (transport) and Processing plant BWG 1. Decision support and permitting tools – Chairs: Jim jaroth@iastate.edu or Pam phullinger@ucdavis.edu 2. Cleaning and Disinfection – Chair: Danelle dbw@iastate.edu 3. Risk Assessment – Chair:Tim gold0188@umn.edu 31
  • 32. Preparedness is a choice….. Industry and regulators must pre-plan together Biosecurity will be key to stopping the disease !
  • 33. www.securemilksupply.org • Project updates • Working group info • Partner information – Contact information • FMD info • Documents are NOT posted due to ‘draft’ status