What Are We Learning About Antibiotic Use After Implementation Of FDA Guidances
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What Are We Learning About Antibiotic Use After Implementation Of FDA Guidances - Dr. Chris Rademacher, Iowa State University, from the 2019 Iowa Pork Congress, January 23 - 24, 2019, Des Moines, IA, USA. More presentations at https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEFNbfee_Rq3AfAFTRpuCrQ
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What Are We Learning About Antibiotic Use After Implementation Of FDA Guidances
- 1. What are we learning about antibiotic use after implementation of FDA Guidances Chris J. Rademacher, DVM Clinical Associate Professor ISU Swine Extension Veterinarian
- 2. 2017 FDA Antimicrobial Sales and Distribution
- 3. Background • Each year, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reports the amounts of antimicrobials (by class) that were sold or distributed – Does not reflect actual usage • Metrics reported include drug class, medical importance, route of administration, indication, and dispensing status, as well as species-specific estimates of these sales and distribution – This is the 2nd year that the report was reported by livestock species.
- 4. 2017 Antimicrobial Sales by Class of Antibiotics for all Livestock Species
- 5. Livestock Tetracycline Use over past 9 years 15% decrease 40% decrease
- 6. 2016-2017 Antimicrobial Sales by Classes
- 7. 2016-2017 Antimicrobial Sales by Species 33% reduction in medically important antibiotic use in livestock over past year
- 8. Swine Medically Important Antibiotics 2016-2017 37% decrease 44% decrease
- 9. Livestock Medically Important Antibiotic Use by route of administration over past 9 years
- 10. Non-Medically Important Antibiotics Use by Species 2016-2017
- 11. 2017 Report Summary • Domestic sales and distribution of medically important antimicrobials approved for use in food-producing animals: o Decreased by 33% from 2016 through 2017. o Decreased by 43% from 2015 (the year of peak sales) o Tetracyclines, which represent the largest volume of these domestic sales (3,535,701 kg in 2017), decreased by 40% from 2016 through 2017. • Water soluble medically important antibiotics also saw a decrease
- 12. GVL VFDs by Species 2017-2018 Bovine 68% Swine 30% Ovine 1% Other 1% 3,076 veterinarians 5.345 feed mills Slide courtesy of Global Vet Link
- 13. GVL Average Head per VFD 2017 vs. 2018 7,409 976 638 8,732 2,219 727 - 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000 Swine Bovine Ovine NumberHead Average Head Count Year 2017 Year 2018 Poultry 3,101,073 9,941,889 Aquaculture 297,668 141,519 Honey Bees 18,064,668 49,398,490 Slide courtesy of Global Vet Link
- 14. GVL Swine VFDs by Number Head 2017-2018 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% < 2,000 2,000 - 4,999 5,000 - 9,999 10,000 - 24,999 25,000+ PercentageSwineVFDs Head Count Slide courtesy of Global Vet Link
- 15. GVL Swine VFDs by Indication 2017-2018 Enteritis & Pneumonia 62% Ileitis & Dysentery 17% Pneumonia 12% Cervical abscesses 3% Leptospirosis 3% Othe Slide courtesy of Global Vet Link
- 16. GVL Swine VFDs by Active Ingredient 2017-2018 Chlortetracycline 59% Tylosin 9% Tilmicosin 9% Oxytetracycline 7% Chlortetracycline - Sulfamethazine 2% Other 14% Slide courtesy of Global Vet Link
- 17. VFD Frequently Asked Questions • Iowa Pork Industry Center Website – https://www.ipic.iastate.edu/info/VFDfaq.pdf • Examples of questions from industry on how to write VFD with answers from FDA directly.
- 18. How close does the client have to be to the intended duration of feeding (number of days fed)? • VERY CLOSE – Must be fed according to the duration listed on the label • Aureo: “For not more than 14 days” • Pulmotil: “shall not be fed to pigs for more than 21 days • Linco/Tylan: “..feed for disease X for 21 days at 100 grams and then at 40 grams to market….” – Regulator comments indicate they expect it to be close to duration stated on VFD (i.e. within 1-2 days)
- 19. Prescription Frequently Asked Questions • Iowa Pork Industry Center Website – https://www.ipic.iastate.edu/info/IPBFAQ0217.pdf – Examples of questions from industry on prescriptions and labeling with answers from Iowa Board of Pharmacy directly.
- 20. FAQ from Iowa Board of Pharmacy • For product labeling, can you label the container or do you have to label each individual bottle/packet? • Unopened Containers can be labeled, not individual packets
- 21. Questions?? Chris J. Rademacher, DVM| Swine Extension Veterinarian Iowa State University2225 Lloyd Veterinary Medical Center | Ames, IA 50011 (: (515) 294-8792 | *: cjrdvm@iastate.edu Follow on Twitter: @cjrdvm www.ipic.iastate.edu