The document discusses the Casa per il Mezzogiorno, an organization established in 1950 by the Italian government to improve economic conditions in Southern Italy. It implemented land reforms, encouraging industry and helping modernize agriculture through consolidating small plots, introducing new crops and farming techniques, and providing loans and education. Infrastructure like roads, water, and electricity were also expanded to aid farmers in getting products to market and improving living standards overall in the Mezzogiorno region.

1. ‘ Casa per il Mezzogiorno’ EU’s ‘Integrated Mediterranean Programme’

4. Changes in farming practices HYV seeds used irrigation New crops e.g. salad crops and citrus fruits tractors Bulk purchasing – co-operatives Food processing on the farms - sell for higher value

5. Describe the physical geography of the Mezzogiorno What is the impact of this on Farming?

6. Casa per il Mezzogiorno (= fund for the south)

8. 2003 Farming in the Mezzogiorno has changed as aresult of the work of the Cassa per il Mezzogiorno and, more recently, the Integrated Mediterranean Programme. Explain how the work of the Cassa and the IMP has improved farming in the Mezzogiorno (6 marks)

10. June 98 Name the organisation responsible for improvements to the Mezzogiorno (1) State three improvements to the Mezzogiorno and explain how each has affected the standard of living of local people

12. Autostrada

14. Use of IMP Funds

18. Successes Limitations Increased agricultural productivity More people employed outside farming Increased tourism Stemed migration to North Plot size too small to be profitable – debt, bankruptcy IMP funding is small compared to CAP subsidies Still problems of erosion, landslides and earthquakes Competition from Spain for crops Little growth in number of small scale private industries Money doesn’t reach farmers - corruption Increased mechanisation has led to increased unemployment South still poorer than north - emigration farmers tends to be done by older generation -unwilling to modernise

19. June 2000 Suggest two reasons for the farmer’s opinion (4 marks) 1998 During the last 40 years the Mezzogiorno has not developed as much as many people had hoped. Suggest reasons why. (4 marks) 2002 The changes made to the Mezzogiorno have affected some areas/people more than others. Explain why. (6 marks)