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1. May, 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0285-00-004g
Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
Submission Title: [PHY and MAC Proposals for battery-operated SUN]
Date Submitted: [2 May, 2009]
Source: [Takaaki Hatauchi] Company [Fuji Electric Systems Co., Ltd.]
Address [1, Fuji-machi, Hino-city, Tokyo 191-8502, Japan]
Voice:[+81-42-586-8875], FAX: [+81-42-585-6035], E-Mail:[hatauchu-takaaki@fesys.co.jp]
Re: []
Abstract: [MAC and PHY proposal for 802.15.4g for Smart Utility Networks]
Purpose: [Presented to the IEEE 802.15.4g SUN task group for consideration]
Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for
discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this
document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right
to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.
Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE
and may be made publicly available by P802.15.
Submissio Slide 1 Hatauchi, Fuji Electric Systems
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2. May, 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0285-00-004g
PHY and MAC Proposals
for battery-operated SUN
Submissio Slide 2 Hatauchi, Fuji Electric Systems
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3. May, 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0285-00-004g
Contents
• Metering System in Japan
– SUN Applications
– System Concept
– Requirements
• MAC Proposal
– Preferable MAC
– Principle of MAC Operation
• PHY Proposal
– Frequency Band
– Modulation
– Other requirements
Submissio Slide 3 Hatauchi, Fuji Electric Systems
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4. May, 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0285-00-004g
Metering System in Japan
Submissio Slide 4 Hatauchi, Fuji Electric Systems
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5. May, 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0285-00-004g
SUN Applications
Sensor Monitoring and Alerting
About 5 Million AMR
devices already installed
in Japan
Gas, Water Leak Fire Alarm Home Security
Remote Control
Gas, Water, Electric Metering Home Appliance
Control Shutting Meter off Door Locking
Submissio Slide 5 Hatauchi, Fuji Electric Systems
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6. May, 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0285-00-004g
System Concept
Networks in
cluster housing
WAN
SUN
Device
WAN
Device
New Gas Meter: House to House
connected to SUN/ Network
WAN devices
SUN
Submissio Slide 6 Hatauchi, Fuji Electric Systems
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7. May, 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0285-00-004g
Layer Structure
Application
Network
MAC
PHY (15.4) PHY (15.4c) PHY (15.4d) PHY
868MHz / 915MHz 780MHz 950MHz Under 450MHz
Amendment Proposals for IEEE802.15.4g
Submissio Slide 7 Hatauchi, Fuji Electric Systems
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8. May, 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0285-00-004g
Requirements for SUN Applications
• Communication Profiles
– variable packet size
– one communication per hour or day
• Battery Operation
– over 10 years without maintenance
• Reliable Communication
– mesh network without hierarchical topology
– auto-healing, auto alternate routing (route diversity)
• Low Interference
– 100~1k devices are installed in a cluster housing
• Cost Effectiveness
– license free band
– easy installation with no or few configuration
Submissio Slide 8 Hatauchi, Fuji Electric Systems
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9. May, 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0285-00-004g
• Hierarchical network is not preferable
– Coordinator / Router consumes more power than end device
• often installed where no AC power is available
– Malfunction / power outage of a coordinator results in
communication loss of all end devices below
router
Coordinator router
router
End device
router
AC power required
End device End device
Submissio Slide 9 Hatauchi, Fuji Electric Systems
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10. May, 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0285-00-004g
• Synchronous system is not preferable
– Not suitable for low duty cycle system
• Tight requirement for crystal frequency
• Increasing power consumption with off-the-shelf crystal
– Not suitable for multi-hop system
• Synchronization error accumulates with number of hops
Synchronous to upper node
Intermittent Intermittent Intermittent
node node node
Submissio Slide 10 Hatauchi, Fuji Electric Systems
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11. May, 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0285-00-004g
MAC Proposals
Submissio Slide 11 Hatauchi, Fuji Electric Systems
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12. May, 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0285-00-004g
Preferable MAC
• Support for low duty cycle
• Occupation of wireless channel takes communication
opportunities for other wireless devices
• Consuming as low power as possible
• Support for variable duty cycle depending on
battery charge or power supply condition
• Different devices have different power conditions and
requirements (lifetime, size of battery and so on)
– Gateway, meter or sensor, etc.
• Support for nonhierarchical network
• In hierarchical network, a single point of failure at a certain
node results in loss of link at neighboring nodes
Submissio Slide 12 Hatauchi, Fuji Electric Systems
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13. May, 2009 Principle of operation doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0285-00-004g
Intermittent Receiver-driven Data Transmission
Transmit request
Sender
(having data to send) Sleep mode (2) Wait for ID reception
(1) ID Data (3)
transmission Short period reception mode ID transmission
transmission
Receiver
(destination of data)
Active mode Sleep mode -> Low Duty Cycle
- All nodes are repeating ID transmission and short period reception,
intermittently (1)
- When the transmission request is generated, set transmission
destination and wait for ID reception (2)
- Upon reception of ID from transmission destination, transmit data to
the receiver at succeeding reception mode (3)
- If failed, set different transmission destination and wait for ID
Submissio Slide 13 Hatauchi, Fuji Electric Systems
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14. May, 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0285-00-004g
Access between devices with different duty cycle
• Support for variable duty cycles
– Devices with longer duty cycle have less chances to relay
packets, resulting less power consumption
Transmit request
Wait for ID reception
sender
Data
ID
transmission
transmission
Receiver A
Longer duty cycle
Receiver B
Shorter duty cycle
Submissio Slide 14 Hatauchi, Fuji Electric Systems
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15. May, 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0285-00-004g
• Sample Listening system is not preferable
– Waking up destination node by transmitting packet that is
longer than the duration of sleep mode
• Wireless channel is occupied and cannot be used by other link
– Less efficient when neighboring nodes are operating with
different duty cycles
Intermittent
node
Intermittent
node Intermittent
node
Submissio Slide 15 Hatauchi, Fuji Electric Systems
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16. May, 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0285-00-004g
PHY Proposals
Submissio Slide 16 Hatauchi, Fuji Electric Systems
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17. May, 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0285-00-004g
Frequency Band
• IEEE802.15.4 Sub GHz Bands
– 868MHz, 915MHz (15.4)
– 780MHz (15.4c)
– 950MHz (15.4d)
• Additional Band
– Under 450MHz in Japan
• Reallocation of Under 450MHz Band for SUN
Applications is under consideration in Japan
Submissio Slide 17 Hatauchi, Fuji Electric Systems
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18. May, 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0285-00-004g
Modulation
• Requirement for SUN
– Power consumption is higher priority than
sensitivity due to battery operation
• Desirable Modulation
– FSK
– GFSK
• It’s possible to minimize the power consumption
Submissio Slide 18 Hatauchi, Fuji Electric Systems
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19. May, 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0285-00-004g
Other Requirements
• Transmit Power
– within the limit of license exemption
• Data Rate (s)
– 100kbps or higher
• In the case of Intermittent Receiver-driven Data Transmission,
high data rates enables to shorten transmission time.
• It leads to reduction of power consumption and interference.
• Payload Length
– Payload size has to be variable
• Duty Cycle Limitation
– Up to 0.1% is preferred
– Reduction of interference
Submissio Slide 19 Hatauchi, Fuji Electric Systems
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20. May, 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0285-00-004g
Conclusion
• Overall requirement for SUN
– Application under development in Japan is introduced
– Battery operated, mesh network system
• MAC proposal
– Intermittent Receiver-driven Data Transmission is proposed
– Low and variable duty cycle, suitable for battery operation
• PHY proposal
– Simple, narrowband modulation scheme, such as FSK /
GFSK are preferable for minimizing power consumption
– Under 400MHz band is under consideration for frequency
band reallocation in Japan
Submissio Slide 20 Hatauchi, Fuji Electric Systems
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21. May, 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0285-00-004g
Thank you for your attention
Any Questions ?
Submissio Slide 21 Hatauchi, Fuji Electric Systems
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