This document discusses occupational health and safety. It begins by describing Harry McShane, a worker who had his arm ripped off and leg broken in a factory accident in 1908 without compensation. The World Health Organization and International Labour Organization aim to promote workers' physical, mental, and social well-being. Key recommendations include controlling communicable diseases, improving environmental sanitation, addressing mental health issues, and implementing measures to protect women and children workers. The document also discusses health education, family planning, and various medical, engineering, and legislative measures to ensure occupational safety and health.

1. ULFAT AMIN
MSc (N)

2.  An association is regarded as the
organization that brings members of the
same profession together for the exchange of
information & experience & for the
advancement of their profession.

3.  Associations have the members of the same
profession. They form associations to meet
periodically & discuss their problems & share
experiences. They remain in touch with
administrative officials, political leaders, etc.

4.  union is a continuing, long term association
of employees, formed & maintained for the
specific purpose advancing & protecting the
interests of members in their working
relationships with the employers.
 It is continuous association of wage earners
for the purpose maintaining & improving the
condition of their working lives.

5.  • To be the instrument for solving economic,
social, political & psychological problems of
the employees.
 • To secure the better wages, better working
conditions.
 • To enhance self respect & dignity.
 • To fulfill social needs, stability of
employment & other problems during service.

6.  A regulatory body is
a public
authority or govern
ment
agency responsible
for exercising
autonomous
authority over some
area of human
activity in
a regulatory or supe
rvisory capacity.

7.  INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL OF NURSES (ICN)
 AMERICAN NURSES ASSOCIATION (ANA)
 CANADIAN NURSES ASSOCIATION (CNA)
 AUSTRALIAN NURSES AND MIDWIVES
ASSOCIATION
 BRITISH NURSES ASSOCIATION

8.  INDIAN NURSING COUNCIL
 TRAINED NURSING ASSOCIATION OF INDIA
(TNAI)
 STATE NURSING COUNCIL
 STATE MEDICAL HEALTH UNIVERSITIES

9.  Founded in 1899, headquartered
in Geneva, Switzerland
 World’s first largest international
organization for health
 Represents 16 million
international nurses
 130 national nurses organization

10. The Three goals are:
 To bring nursing together worldwide
 To advance nurses and nursing worldwide
 To influence health policy.

11. QUALITY
NURSING
CARE FOR
ALL
SOUND
HEALTH
POLICIES
COMPETENT &
SATISFIED
WORKFORCE
ADVANCEMENT OF
NURSING
KNOWLEDGE

12. AIM – To establish a uniform standard
of training for nurses midwives and
health visitors
 INC is a regulatory body for nurses
and nursing education in India
 It is an autonomous body under the
Government of India, Ministry of
Health and Family Affairs

13. UNIFORM
STANDARDS OF
EDUCATION
NURSES
REGISTRATION
REGISTRATION
OF FOREIGN
NURSES
INDIAN
NURSING
REGISTER

15.  Formed in 1908 at
Delhi, India
 It is a National body of
practitioners of
nursing at various
levels
 It is a professional
association of nurses
 Affiliated to
Commonwealth Nurses
Federation

16.  upgrading
UPGRADING, DEVELOPMENT
AND STANDARDIZATION OF
NURSING EDUCATION
IMPROVEMENT OF LIVING
AND WORKING CONDITIONS
OF NURSES IN INDIA
REGISTRATION FOR
QUALIFIED NURSES

18.  Maintains register of names of professional nurses of
their state
 These names are also maintained in the Indian Nurses
Register by INC

21. It is important for nurses to know the basic legal concepts
because nurses are accountable for their professional
judgments and actions

22. Defined as that body of
status, executive orders,
regulations, rule and legal
precedents which have their
objective for the promotion
and protection of individual
and community by nursing
service

23. FRAMEWORK FOR NURSING ACTION
DIFFERENTIATES NURSES RESPONSIBILITY
BOUNDARIES INDEPENDENT NURSING ACTIONS
MAINTAIN STANDARD PRACTICE

24. CONSTITUTION
AL LAW
COMMON
LAW
ADMINISTRATIV
E LAW

26.  French, it means Voluntarily – suffered
– injury
 It is a law that no man can sue for a tort
to which he had consented either
expressly or impliedly

27.  Licensure
 Good Samaritan Law
 Good rapport
 Standards of care
 Standing orders
 Informed consent
 Correct identity
 Documentation
 Reporting

28.  Appointing and assigning
 Quality control
 Equipment efficiency
 Observation and reporting
 Record keeping and recording
 Death and dying

29.  Be with patient during death
 Reassure patient’s relatives
 Do not whisper
 Only doctors declare death
 Death records
 Respect body and conduct all last
offices
 Take signature of party before
releasing the body

30.  The patient or guardian can only
claim damages from doctor and
hospitals
 Both parties bear their own legal
expenses
 Patient or guardian can get the
doctor and hospital authority fined
or jailed by proving negligence in
court of law

31.  Tort is a civil wrong for which remedy is common law
action
 To constitute a tort all the following conditions must be
satisfied
 Omission
 Wrongful Act
 Legal Damage
 Legal Remedy

32. INTENTIONAL TORT
•Willful act that violate another’s
rights – Assault
UNINTENTIONAL TORT
•Includes negligence or malpractice

33.  Felony – A serious crime.
 Tort – Civil wrong for which remedy is a common law
action
 Assault – Any willful attempt or threat or harm another
with ability to actually harm the person
 Battery – Intentional touching of another’s body or
anything without consent
 Legal – Connected with the law

34.  Plantiff – Person who has lodged the complaint
 Malpractice – Professional misconduct
 Malice – Desire to harm someone
 Slander – Act or crime of making a false statement
damaging to a person’s reputation
 Negligence – Carelessness which caused negative results
 Fidelity – Quality of being faithful/loyal
 Defendant – A person accused of crime
 Breach of duty – There must be a standard of care but the
nurse did not observe

35.  Foreseeability- A link must exist between the nurses’ act
and the injury suffered
 Causation – It must be proved that the harm occurred as a
direct result of the nurses’ failure to follow the standard of
care the nurse should have
 Harm/Injury – The client must demonstrate some type of
harm or injury physical, financial or emotional) as a result
of the breach of duty owed the client
 Damages – If malpractice causes injury the nurse is liable
foe damage

36.  Informed consent
 Delegation
 Violence, abuse and neglect
 Controlled substances
 The impaired nurse
 Sexual harassment
 Abortions
 Death and related issues

37. It is an agreement by a client to accept a course
of treatment or a procedure after being
provided complete information including the
benefits and risks of treatment.
TYPES
EXPRESS IMPLIFIED

38. Transfer of responsibility for the performance
of an activity from one person to another while
retaining accountability for the same

39.  When an identified instance of injury appears
to be present as the result of abuse, neglect
or exploitation the nurse must report it to the
authorities

40. The laws regulate the distribution of controlled
substances such as narcotics, depressants,
stimulants and hallucinogens

41. Refers to a nurse whose ability to perform the
functions of a nurse is diminished by chemical
dependency on drugs, alcohol or mental illness

42. Unwelcome sexual advances, request for favors
and other verbal or physical conduct
Nurses must develop skills of assertiveness to
deter harassment in the work place

43.  The nurses have the right to refuse
participation in abortions
 Nurse can assist abortions under MTP act

44.  Autopsy
 Certification of death
 Do Not Resuscitate orders
 Euthanasia
 Inquest
 Organ donation

45. 1/26/2019 45

46.  Harry McShane,
age 16, 1908.
Pulled into
machinery in a
factory in USA.
His arm was
ripped off at
the shoulder
and his leg
broken.
 No
compensation1/26/2019 46

47. AIM
"the promotion and maintenance of the
highest degree of physical, mental and social
well-being of workers in all occupations"
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48. Recommendations by ILO /
WHO committee on
occupational health in 1953
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49.  Communicable disease control
 Environmental sanitation
 Mental health
 Measures for women and children
 Nutrition
 Health education
 Family planning
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50. COMMNICABLE
DISEASE CONTROL
• Early diagnosis/Rx
• Cases isolated from
working environment
• Protective measures
• Regular Medical checkup &
Immunisation.
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51. ENVIRONMENTAL
SANITATION
• Water supply
• Food
• Toilet
• General cleanliness
• Space
• Lighting
• Ventillation/Temperature
• Protection from hazards
• Housing
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52. MENTAL HEALTH
 Promote health and
happiness
 Detect signs of emotional
stress
 Identify the cause
 Treatment
 Rehabilitation of the ill
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53. MEASURES FOR WOMEN
&CHILDREN
 Maternity leave for 12 weeks
with cash benefit under ESI act
 Ante/Intra/Postnatal services
 Prohibition of night work
 Prohibits of work underground
 Crèches
 No child below 14 shall be
employed
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54. HEALTH EDUCATION
• Important health promotional
measure
• Provided whenever necessary
• Content
– Hygiene, participation
• At all levels
– Management
– Supervisors
– Workers
– Trade union leaders
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55. FAMILY PLANNING
 Encouraged to adopt small
family norm
 Health education
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56.  MEDICAL MEASURES
 ENGINEERING MEASURES
 LEGISLATIVE MEASURES
1/26/2019 56

57.  PRE PLACEMENT
EXAMINATION
 PERIODICAL EXAMINATION
 MEDICAL & HEALTH CARE
SERVICE
 NOTIFICATION
 SUPERVISION OF WORKING
ENVIRONMENT
 MAINTANANCE & ANALYSIS
OF RECORDS
 HEALTH EDUCATION &
COUNSELLING 1/26/2019 57

58. • DESIGN OF BUILDING
• GOOD HOUSEKEEPING
• GENERAL VENTILATION
• MECHANISATION
• SUBSTITUTION
• ISOLATION
• LOCAL EXHAUST
VENTILATION
• PROTECTIVE DEVICES
• RESEARCH
• STATISTICAL MONITORING
• ENVIRONMENTAL 1/26/2019 58

59. • The Factories Act, 1948
• The Employees State
Insurance Act, 1948
• Mine & Mineral Act,
(Development & Regulation)
Act, 1957
• Noise Pollution (Regulation
& Control ) Rules, 2000
• The Child Labour
(Prohibition & Regulation)
Act, 1986
• The Air (Prevention &
Control of Pollution ) Act,
1981
• Maternity Benefit Act (1961) 1/26/2019 59

60. • Provides cash and medical benefits to
industrial employees in case of sickness,
maternity and employment injury.
1/26/2019 60

61. • Child (under 14 years) labour
is prohibited in India under
The Child Labour (Prohibition
And Regulation) Act, 1986.
• It includes work in a shop,
commercial establishment,
work-shop, farm, residential
hotel, restaurant, eating-
house, theatre or other place
of public amusement or
entertainment
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62.  Prevention of occupational injury and
disease
 Promotion of health and work ability
 Improving environmental health
management
1/26/2019 62

63.  CENTRAL LEVEL
 STATE LEVEL
 VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS
1/26/2019 63

64.  CENTRAL LEVEL
◦ The director general for factory inspection and advisory
services
◦ The government departments of labour and health and
the Board of mines
◦ The atomic energy commission
◦ Central labour institute at Mumbai and regional labour
institutes in Kanpur, Kolkata and Chennai.
1/26/2019 64

65.  STATE LEVEL
◦ No occupational health division in state health directorate
except Uttar Pradesh
◦ State responsibilities are vested in Chief inspector of
factories
1/26/2019 65

66.  VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS
◦ Tata institute of industrial hygiene
◦ Society of Industrial Medicine.
◦ Also certain political association work for the welfare of
workers like, NGO’s.
1/26/2019 66

67.  Indian National Trade Union Congress
(INTUC)
 Centre of Indian trade unions (CITU)
1/26/2019 67

68.  Women's jobs have specific characteristics
 Equipment and schedules designed in relation
to the average male body
 Low wages
 Sexual harassment at work place
 Discrimination against women
 Excluded from many health-promoting
benefits
 Increased responsibility on household works
 The laws of labour are male oriented
1/26/2019 68

69. 1/26/2019 69