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End-of-Life Care
1. Culture Specific and Culture Sensitive End-of-Life Care
A Case Study Based on Kashi Labh Mukti Bhawan, Banaras
by
Dr. Umesh K. Singh
Lecturer, Dept. of Sociology
V.S.S.D. College, Kanpur
umeshka@gmail.com | umesh.singh@live.in | Blog: sociocrat.blogspot.com
2. Culture shapes the belief system
The fears, hopes, and orientations people
have towards “Death” are not instinctive, but
rather are learned from cultural symbols
umeshka@gmail.com | umesh.singh@live.in | Blog: sociocrat.blogspot.com
3. Death is not simply end of life in biological
sense. It is only a stage in the larger cycle of
procreation – regeneration
The ultimate goal of human being is to attain
mukti or moksha
Along with good deeds, there are sacred
rituals and sacred spaces which too can
contribute to liberation
umeshka@gmail.com | umesh.singh@live.in | Blog: sociocrat.blogspot.com
4. Kashi: antiquity, religious symbol and sacred
space
mukti dayani/moksha dayani Kashi
Age old association of Kashi with old age and
dying and death
umeshka@gmail.com | umesh.singh@live.in | Blog: sociocrat.blogspot.com
5. To illustrate the cultural distinctiveness of
death and end-of-life care:
exploration of the role of Kashi Labh Mukti
Bhawan — nature of services and facilities
available
kinds of inmates availing the services — their
life-situation and life-values
fulfillment of religious and psychosocial
needs and satisfaction received
umeshka@gmail.com | umesh.singh@live.in | Blog: sociocrat.blogspot.com
6. a distinctive organization, established in 1958
old aged people are brought at the very fag
end of their life to attain the religious benefits
of dying in Kashi
caters mostly to the lower middle class and
lower class old aged persons belonging
mostly to the eastern parts of Uttar Pradesh
and adjoining areas of Bihar
umeshka@gmail.com | umesh.singh@live.in | Blog: sociocrat.blogspot.com
7.
8. varied socio-economic background and
personal history
on the verge of death because of their
sickness or simply because of becoming very
old
brought by their family and close relatives
heterogeneous categories of
inmates, however, sharing the same destiny
umeshka@gmail.com | umesh.singh@live.in | Blog: sociocrat.blogspot.com
9. the physical facilities available to the dying old
person in the room are minimum
it is the close relatives attending him who control
the dying person
life-values and behaviour pattern: he is left with very
hazy notion of these and he can neither articulate
nor perform any of these
the attendants often remind him of remembering
the names of gods/goddesses or help him in
performing some basic pre-death rituals
umeshka@gmail.com | umesh.singh@live.in | Blog: sociocrat.blogspot.com
10. common ideology of death and dying in Kashi
most of the inmates of are there because of
their personal wish or else their family
thought it better to take the dying one to
Kashi and to perform the cremation here
the family also wishes to facilitate salvation
of the departed soul by availing death in
Kashi
umeshka@gmail.com | umesh.singh@live.in | Blog: sociocrat.blogspot.com
11. The Hindu society does not leave the dead
person all alone but by observing many death
sacraments such as pinda-dan, shraddh, etc.
to the deceased person leads to formation of
close bonds between the dead and the
descendents. Institutions like Kashi Labh
Mukti Bhawan uphold these religious and
cultural traditions.
umeshka@gmail.com | umesh.singh@live.in | Blog: sociocrat.blogspot.com
12. The individual accepts the inevitability of death and in spite
of all the trauma and pains of preceding death, gets ready for
a newer existence/life.
The family accepts the passing away of the old aged and
facilitates the process by keeping the dying persons in Kashi
Labh Mukti Bhawan accompanying all the pre-death and
post-death rituals and ceremonies.
The religious symbols on the one hand lessen the grief of the
family members and on the other hand it facilitates the
salvation of the dead one.
This cultural specificity relating to death is deeply ingrained
in Hindu psyche and differentiates it from other cultural
systems of the world.
umeshka@gmail.com | umesh.singh@live.in | Blog: sociocrat.blogspot.com