This document discusses linkages between border management, development, migration, and remittances in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. It provides an overview of key trends, including the top destination countries for migrants from the region and data on remittance inflows and outflows for various countries. The UNDP Senior Economist office offers support to country offices on migration and remittance projects through data analysis, expertise, and publications. Stakeholders are encouraged to provide feedback to strengthen assistance in these areas.

1. Border management and development: Remittance and migration linkages Alessandra Bravi Ben Slay Senior Economist Office UNDP Bratislava Regional Center http://europeandcis.undp.org/senioreconomist Odessa 19 July 2011

2. Presentation objectives Briefly explore linkages between border management, development, migration, and remittances Provide a short overview of key trends, issues in remittances, migration in Europe and Central Asia Present services, support UNDP regional senior economist’s office can offer in these areas

3. Broader context: Border management and development

5. Colonial expansion: need for land, fiscal incentives

6. Forced movements: wars, resettlements, natural disasters

8. …for the same countries Stock of migrants by destination country 2000, 2005 and 2010( in % of total population) Source: DESA, UN Migration Statistics.

9. Top 10 destination countries of Eastern Europe and Central AsiaStock of migrants by destination country 2000, 2005 and 2010( in % of total population) Source: DESA, UN Migration Statistics.

10. The movement of people is often accompanied by movement of financial flows in the opposite direction

11. Global remittance inflows 2000-2010e (in billions usd) 440 bln $ YOY growth rates (%) Source: IMF Balance of Payment Report Yearbook 2010.

12. Regional remittance inflows CEE&CIS 2000-2010e (in billions usd) 52 bln $ YOY growth rates (%) Source: IMF Balance of Payment Report Yearbook 2010.

13. Remittance outflows EU(in billions usd) 99 bln $ 59 bln $ Source: EUROSTAT, exchange rate annual average OANDA.

14. Russia: remittance outflows 2002-2010 (in billions usd) 63% 63% 75% 74% 81% 85% 86% 84% 85% 20 bln $ 17 bln $ Source: Russia Central Bank, quarterly data up to QI 2011 @ senior economist vulnerability database

15. Kazakhstan: remittance outflows 2003-2010 (in billions usd) 3bln $ YOY growth rates (%) Source: National Bank of Kazakhstan, quarterly data up to QIV 2010 @ senior economist vulnerability database

16. Remittance inflows as a share of GDP, 2007-2010, Tajikistan 48% Source: UNDP Tajikistan-IMF, monthly data up to May 2011 @ senior economist vulnerability database GDP data from IMF-WEO report April 2011

17. Remittance inflows as a share of GDP, 2005-2010 Moldova Ukraine 31% 35% 34% 31% 22% 23% Source: National Bank of Moldova (Balance of Payment), quarterly data up to QIV 2010 @ the senior economist vulnerability database GDP data from IMF-WEO report April 2011 Source: National Bank of Ukraine (Balance of Payment), quarterly data up to QIV 2010 @ senior economist vulnerability database GDP data from IMF-WEO report April 2011

18. Remittance inflows as a share of GDP, 2006-2010 Armenia Georgia 19% 19% 19% 18% 17% 4% 4% 3% 3% 3% Source: IFAD Remittance Gateway for Armenia and Georgia, IMF BoPstatistics for Azerbaijan. GDP data from IMF-WEO report April 2011

19. Remittance inflows as a share of GDP, 2005-2010, Kyrgyzstan 12% Source: National Bank of Kyrgyzstan (Balance of Payment), monthly data up to May 2011 @ senior economist vulnerability database GDP data from IMF-WEO report April 2011

20. National, sub-national data on changes in remittances into—and migration from—Kyrgyzstan in 2010 Areas of ethnic conflict in May-June 2010 Sources: State Statistical Committee, National Bank; UNDP calculations.

22. Analysis and Fast Facts

23. Experts on the move

24. D&T publicationwww.developmentandtransition.net

25. Regional research bulletin, Europe and Central Asia Provides UN, independent views on development, transition, policy issues Disseminates lessons of successful UN projects Distributed to: All UNDP staff in Europe, Central Asia region 4000 external subscribers This issue is available at http://www.developmentandtransition.net/Arkhiv.71+M54a708de802.0.html Next issue (July 2011): Integrated local development

26. Please tell us what we can do more or better…. Send us an email @ alessandra.bravi@undp.org ben.slay@undp.org Leave a comment on our research @ http://europeandcis.undp.org/senioreconomist Comment on our Blog Posts @ http://europeandcis.undp.org/blog Send us your research, blog post, ideas @ alessandra.bravi@undp.org