automotive Battery sinhala

1. 1
úoaHq;a fldaI
úoaHq;a fldaI hkq ridhksl m%;sl%shdjla u.ska ridhksl Yla;sh úÿHq;a
Yla;sh njg mßjr;Kh l, yels Wmdx.hls'
uq,sl jYfhka úoaHq;a fldaI foj¾.hlg fjkal, yel tkï
1& m%d:ñl fldaI
2& oaú;sl fldaI
fuysos wm ndú;d lrkqfha oaú;sl negß fõ' m%d:ñl negß hkq
ndú;fhka miq kej; wdfrdamKh l, fkdyels fldaIh'
oaú;sl fldaI hkq kej; wdfrdamKh l,yels fldaIfõ' fudag¾ r:
lafIa;%fha ndú; jkqfha o fujeks negßhls' th Bhï wï, negßhla f,i
yÿkajkq ,efí'
fudg¾ r: negß
fudag¾ r:hlg wjYH jkafka kej; msrúh yels fukau Starter
motor ioyd wjYH jk wêl Odrdj ,ndosh yels negßhls' wêl Odrdjla
;ekam;a l< yels whqßka bf,lfg%dav ilia lr idok ,o f,â
wlshqñf,ag¾ (Lead accumulator) fldaI wjYH .Kkg fY%aKs.;j
iïnkaO lsßfuka fudag¾ r: lafIa;%fha oelsh yels negß ks¾udKh lr
we;'

2. 2
by; olaj we;af;a fjda,Ü 12 l fudag¾ r: negßhla ilialr we;s
wdldrhl rem igykls' t ioyd fldaI yhl fY%aKs.;j iïnkaO lr
we;' túg tla fldaIhl fjda,aáh;dj 2V ksid tjeks fldaI yhlska 12V
fjda,aáh;djfhka hq;a Odrjla msgflf¾' tf,iu fjda,aÜ yhl úÿ,s
moaO;s iys; fudag¾ r: ioyd negßh ilia lr we;af;a fldaI ;=klska
hq;=jh'
jdykhla mK.kajd .eksu ioyd mK.ekaúfï fudagrhg wjYH
úÿ,s Odrdj iemhsu negßh u.ska flfrk m%Odk ldrHh fõ' thg
wu;rj mq,s.= fmakq j, mq,s.= we;s lsßu ioyd wjYH úoaHq;a Yla;sh
ieuhsuo fuu.ska isÿlrhs' cklfhka ksmojk úoHq;a Yla;s m%udKh wvqjq
úg ^r:fha wjYH ;djhg jvd wvq jq úg& tu wvq úoaHq;a Yla;s m%udKh
iemhsuo negßh u.ska isÿlrhs' fudag¾ r: j, Ndú;d lrkqfha f,â
wï, (Lead acid)jr.fha neßh'
fuys úfYaI;ajh jkqfha úi¾ckh jq miq kej; ndysr úÿ,s
Odrdjla ,ndosu u.ska wdfrdamKh lsßug yels úuhs'

3. 3
Lead Accumulator Battery
ish¿u Bhï negß uq,sl jYfhka ks¾udKh lr we;s whqre iudk
jqj;a th ksIamdokh lrk iud.ï j, ks¾udK iajremh wkqj iq¿
jYfhka fjkialï we;' negßhl fldaI (Cell) ish,a,u iudk f,i ksmojd
we;s w;r ridhksl m%;sl%shdjlg Ndckh jk Bhï (pb/f,â) iy Bhï
ñY%K (pbo2/f,â vfhdlaihsâ) bf,lafg%dav ;yvq f,i negßh ;=, nyd
we;'
fldaI fjklr we;af;a rn¾" iska;ála jeks oe j,ska tlsfklg
fjkalr we;' fuu ;yvq iudk;r.; f,i iïNkaO fldg ;yvq f.dkakla
f,I tl,eia lr we;s w;r th ;yvq f.dkq folla f,I iïnkaO fõ'
tfiau tu Ok ;yvqj f.dkakg w.%hla iïnkaO fldg th (+) Ok
w.%h f,i;a iDK ;yvq f.dkakg w.%hla iïnkaO lr th (-) w.%h
f,i;a fldaI ;=,ska msg;g f.k we;'
negß nÿfka yevh wkqj th iudk ldur lsysmhlg fnod we;s w;r
;yvq f.dkq tu ldur j, m;=,g iïnkaO fkdjk fia tkï m;=f,a bv
iys; isák fia ilia fldg we; tu.ska negßfha we;s wmøjHh ;ekam;a
úug yelsjk f,ih' th ukaä l=árh (Sediment chamber)kï fõ'
negß ;yvq ks¾udKh lr we;af;a ;o Bhï j,ska iy ,eáka rduq
l%uhghs' fuu rduq ;=, uDÿ Bhï(pb) mqrjd th iDK ;yvq f,i;a pbo2
mqrjd th Ok ;yvq f,i;a ksmojd we;' fuys Ok ;yvq ÿUqre meyehlao
iDK ;yvq w¿ iqÿ meyehlao .ks' fuys iDK ;yvq folla w;rg Ok
;yvq tlalr we;af;a ieu úgu ridhksl Yla;sh jeälr .eksug fyj;a
negßfha Odß;djh jeälr .eksu ioydhs'

4. 4
negßhl uq,sl fldgia

5. 5
úYsIaG .=re;ajh (Specific Gravity)
úYsIag .=re;ajh hkq hïlsis øjhl iy c,fha >k;ajh tlsfklg
ikaaikaokh lsßfuka úYsIag .=re;ajh ,efí' úYsIaG .=re;ajh u.ska
fy,sorõ lrkqfh hïlsis øjhla ner iy c,fha nr w;r iïnkaO;djhhs'
hïlsis øjhl nr oelaúfïos tu mßudj we;s c,h m%udKhl nrg
idfmalaIj m%ldY lsßug b; myiqh'
 úYsIG .=re;ajhg tllhla fkdue; '
 negßhl Cell tlla ;=, isÿjk ridhksl m%;sl%shdfõ is>%;djh
md,kh lsßug Ok ;yvq j,g jeäfhka tla >K ;yvqjla jeämqr
fhdodf.k we;'
negß wdjrK (Battery Case)
negß wdjrKh hkq negßhl yevh ,ndos we;s mßjKhhs' fïjd
ydâ rn¾" tukhsÜ" ma,diaála jeks wï, iu. m%;sl%shd fkdlrk mßjdrl
fõ'
negre wjrKhl ;sìh hq;= .=Kdx.
 lïmk j,g Tfrd;a;= osh hq;=h'
 WIaK;ajhg Tfrd;a;= osh hq;=h'
 Yla;su;a úh hq;=h'
 ridhksl øjH iu. m%;sl%shd fkdl, hq;=h'
 ikakdhl;ajhla fkd;sìh hq;=h'

6. 6
fldaI iïnkaOlh (Cell connectors)
fldaI iïnkaOdlh hkq fldaI folla iïnkaOjk ia:dkhhs' fuu.ska
tla fldaIhl wjidkfha we;s >DK ;yvqj;la wfkla fldaIfha wdrïNfha
we;s Ok ;yvqj;a wïnkaO úu isÿlrhs' negßhl fldaI lsysmhla iïnkaO
lrkqfha Cell connectors u.skss'
fjkal+re ;yvq (Separators)
fjkal+re ;yvq hkq Ok yd >DK ;yvq tlsfkl .eáu je,elaúu
ioyd tjd w;rg fhdod we;s ;yvqjls' Porous rubber yd Glass fiber jeks
øjHkaf.ka fïjd idod we;'
úoHq;a úÉfPaoaH idod.eksu
H2SO4 wï,h iy wdi%e; c,h ñY%lsßfuka ieliq úoHq;a úÉfPaoh
;kql H2SO4 fj,o fmdf,ka ,nd.; yels fõ tfy;a l¾udka;hla
jYfhka wd¾Ól jdis iy ñY%Kfha msßisÿ lu i,ld 96% l m%;sY;hla
we;s idkaø H2SO4 iy wdi%e; c,h ñY% lsßfuka l¾udka; Yd,dfõos
ñYdKh ms,sfh, lr.kq ,nhs'
ñY%Kh ms,sfh, lsßfïos o, jYfhka wdi%e; c,h iy idkaø
H2SO4 wï,h 3:1 wkqmd;hg ñY%lsßu l, hq;= jkafka isÿúh yels
wk;=re j,lajd .eksu ioyd c,hg H2SO4 wï,h l%ufhka tl;=
lsßfukss' ñY%Kh ms,sfh, l, wjia:dfõ tys wIaK;ajh wêl neúka th
meh 02 l muK ld,hla isis,a úug bv yßkq ,nhs'
bka wk;=rej tys úYsIaG .=re;ajh mßlaId l, hq;= w;r th 1'25 la
úh hq;=h'

7. 7
negßhla ;=, we;sjk ridhksl m%;sl%shd
Bhï wï, negßhla fyj;a oaú;sl fldaIhl wNHka;r ridhksl
m%;sl%shdj i,ld ne,sfïos iïu; jYfhka úYsIa: .=re;ajh 1'25 la jq
H2SO4 wï,h ;=, pb (f,â) iy pbo2 (f,â vfhdlaihsâ / fmfrlaihsâ)
;yvq ;enq úg fuu ;yvq u.ska ksIamdokh jk Wmßu fjda,aáh;djh
2.1V muK fõ' fldaIfha m%udKh úYd, lsßfuka tkï negß ;yvq j,
u;=msg j¾.M,h jeälßfukaa fyd ;yvq .Kk jeälsßfuka ,efnk úoHq;a
Yla;s m%udKh jeälr.; yels jqjo fldaIh W;amdokh lrk fjda,aáh;djh
jeäúula isÿlr.kq ,eìu wmyiqh'
Bhï wï, negßhla ;=, we;sjk fuu l%shdj,sh úoHq;a
úÉfPaoaH l%shdj,shg iudk fõ' fuysos wefkdavh f,i negßfha Ok
;yvqo (+) tkï pbo2 o lef;dvh f,i negßfha iDK ;yvqo (-) tkï
pb o úoHq;a úÉfPaoaH f,i ;kql H2SO4 wï,ho l%shdlrhs'
wdfrdams; fldaIhla

8. 8
negßhla úi¾ckh úu
(+ ;yvqj) (- ;yvqj) (+ ;yvqj) (- ;yvqj)
negßhla ;=, mj;sk úoaHq;a úÉfPaoaH jk ;kql H2SO4 wï,h
mj;skqfha H
+
whk yd so4
2-
whk f,ih' fuis Ok ;yvqj yd iDK
;yvqj tlsfklg iïnkaO l,úg we;sjk ndysr mßm:h ;=,ska úoHq;a
Odrdjla .,kqfha negß ;yvqj, jq ridhksl øjHh yd úoaHq;a úÉfPaol
w;r we;sjk ridhksl m%;sl%shdj fya;=fjka ridhksl Yla;sh úoaHq;a
Yla;sh njg mßj¾;kh úu fya;fldg f.kh'
iDK ;yvqfõ we;s pb wï, ñY%Kfh we;s so4
2-
whk iu.
m%;sl%shdlr tu; pbso4 ksmojkq ,nk w;r Ok ;yvqfõ we;s pbo2 wï,
ñY%Kfha we;s so4
2-
whk iu. m%;sl%sh lr pbso4 t u; ksmojñka
ødjkhg O2 uqodyßkq ,nhs' fuysos ødjKfha we;s H+
whk O2 iu. tl;=
ú H2O ksmojhs'
fï wkqj negßhla úi¾ckh úfïos Ok ;yvqj, we;s
pbo2 pbso4 f,i;a iDK ;yvqfõ we;s
pb pbso4 njg;a mßj¾;kh jk w;r H2SO4 wï,h
H2O njg;a m;afõ' t wkqj ñY%Kfha m%udKh jeä ú ñY%Kfha úYsIAG
.=re;ajh my, hhs' t u.ska ;yvqj, pbso4 m%udKh jeäjk úg .,kq
,nk Odrj l%ufhka wvq ú negßh úirck ;;ajhg m;afõ'

9. 9
negßhla wdfrdamKh lsßu
(+ ;yvqj) (- ;yvqj) (+ ;yvqj) (- ;yvqj)
f,â wï, fldaIhla kej; wdfrdamKh lsßu ioyd fldaIfhka
Odrdj ,nd.;a osYdjg m%;súreoaO osYdjg ir, Odrdjla fldaIhg ,ndosh
hq;=h'
fldaIhg fufia Odrdj ,ndfok úg by; ioyka jq m%;sl%shdj
isÿjk w;r tkï úoaHq;a úÉfPaolfha we;s c,h H2 yd O2 njg
úfhdckh jk w;r negß ;yvqj, we;s so4
2-
whk úoaHq;a úÉfPaohg
tl;= ú H+
whk iu. iïnkO ú kej; H2SO4 wï,h ksmojkq ,nhs'
;jo úoaHq;a úÉfPaofha we;s O2 whk iu. Ok ;yvqfõ jq pb whk
m%;sl%shd lr tu; pbo2 ksmojhs' fï wkqj negßhlg Odrj mßj¾;kh
fõ' úoaHq;a úÉfPaofha we;s c,h úfhdackh úu ksido we;sjk H2yd O2
jdhqj + ;yvq wi,ska O2 f,i;a - ;yvqj wi,ska H2 f,i;a msgfõ' by;
ioyka l%shdj,sfhaos wï, ñY%Kfha we;s H2SO4 m%udKh l%ufhka jeäjk
w;r H2O m%udKh wvqfõ'
tuksid wï, ñY%Kfha úYsIaG .=re;ajh jeäjk w;r úu wu;rj
wï, ñY%K uÜguo my, niskq ,efí' tu ksid negß wdfrdamKh lsßfïos
wïm ñY%Khg kshñ; uÜgug olajd msg;ska wdiq; c,h tl;= l, hq;=h'
fuu m%;sl%shdj my; mßos ,súh yelsh'

10. 10
f,â wï, negß j¾.
1. f;;a negß (Wet battery)
2. úh,s wdfrdams; negß (Dry battery)
3. kv;a;= wkjYHh negß (Maintenance free battery)
f;;a negß (Wet battery)
negß ;=,g úoHq;a úÉfPaoh fhdod wdfrdamKh lr we;' negßh
m%fhdackhg .kakd wjia:dfõos negßh fjda,aáh;djh mßlaId lr fjda,aÜ
12 lg jvd wvq kï kshñ; fjda,aáh;dj ,efnk ;=re negßh fifuka
wdfrdamkKh l, hq;=h' ndú;d fkdfldg l,la ;snqfkdfyd;a iajhx
úi¾ckh úula isÿfõ' úi¾ckh ú l,la mej;=fkdfyd;a negßh kej;
wdfrdamKh l, fkdyels ;;a;hg m;a fõ'
fï ksid .nvdlr we;s f;;a negß uilg jrla mrlaIdlr n,
iïmq¾Kfhka wdfrdms; ;;ajhg m;jkf;la fifuka wdfrdamKh l,
hq;=h'
úh<s wdfrdams; negß (Dry charged battery)
fj<o fmdf,a jeä jYfhka Ndú;d lrkqfha úh<s wdfrdams; negßh'
negß ;=, úoHQ;a úÉfPaoaH fkdue;' negßh m%fhdackhg .kakd
wjia:dfõos úoaHq;a úÉfPaoaH fldaI ;=,g fhdod ilia lr.; hq;=h'

11. 11
kv;a;= wkjYHh negß (Maintenance free battery)
fïjd iuyr kúk jdyk j, Ndú;d lrhs' negß fldaI ioyd
uqä fkdue;' negß uqÿk uqølr we;' fuu negß j, úoHq;a
úÉfPaok uÜgu mßlaId lsßula fyda wdiD; c,h tl;= lsßula
wjYHh ke;'
kv;a;= jYfhka l,hq;= jkafka negßh yd w.% msßisÿj ;nd
.eksu yd wjYh kï kej; wdfrdamKh lsßuhs' negßh uqÿfka we;s
o¾Ylh u.ska wdfrdamK ;;ajh fmkakqï lrhs' jdyk úÿ,s moaO;s
j, fjda,aÜ 6,12, 24 fjda,aáh;d Ndú;d lrhs' fuysos 24V ioyd
negß folla fY%aKs.;j iïnkaO lr Ndú;d lrkq ,efí'
negßhl Wi yd m<, (Battery width and higth)
negßhl Wi yd m<, wkqj tj ldKav 08 la f,i olakg ,efí'
Wi (mm) m<, (mm)
A 162 127
B 203 127 fyda 129
C 207 135
D 204 173
E 213 176
F 213 182
G 213 222
H 220 278

12. 12
negßhl Odß;dj (Battery capacity)
negßhl Odß;h hkq tu negßfhka ,nd.; yels úoaHq; Yla;s
m%udKhhs' fuu Yla;s m%udKh negß ;yvqj, we;s l%shdlß øjHh
m%udKh negß ;yvqj, uq¿ fla%I;% j¾.M,h yd úoaHq;a úÉfPaofha we;s
wï, m%udKh u; rod mj;shs'
negßh Odß;h hkq 26.7o
C WIaK;ajhla hgf;a iïmq¾Kfhka
wdfrdams; negßhl fldaIj, fjda,aáh;djh 1.75V lg jvd my,
fkdf.dia meh 20la ;=,os negßfhka fkdlvjd ,n.; yels ksh; úÿ,s
Odrd m%udKh 20ka .=Klßfuka ,efnk w.h tu negßfha Odß;djhhs'
th weïmshr meh (AH) j,ska ,efí'
WodyrKhla f,I iuqmq¾Kfhka wdfrdams; hï negßhlska by;
ioyka ;;aj hgf;a 20AH ;=,os fkdlvjd ,nd.; yels Odrfõ m%udKh
5A kï tu negßfha Odß;djh jkqfha
fldaI fjda,aáh;djhg 1.75V jvd my,
fkdf.dia meh 20 ;=,os ,nd.; yels Odr m%udKh = 5A
negßfha Odrj ,nd.;a ld,h = 20 Hour
negßfha Odr;dj =20 5
= 100AH
iudkHfhka l=vd fudag¾ r: ioyd Ndú;d lrk negß j,
Odß;djh 35AH isg 65AH muK olajdo nia r: jeks nrjdyk ioyd
140AH isg 200AH olajd negßo ndú;d lrkq ,efí'

13. 13
negß fodaI iys; úug n,mdk idOl'
úoHq;a úÉfPaoaH wmú;% ùu (Contamination)
úoHq;a úÉfPaoaHg øjH ksid tys meyeh fjkia fõ'
laf,daßka - uyqÿ c,h u.ska
 fimf¾gr wj¾K úu iy ;yvqj u; mg,hla neosu'
 wï,h wÿre meyehla .eksu'
 Ok ;yvqj úLdokh ùu'
le,aisï" ue.akSishï - lák c,h u.ska
 wï,h wÿre meyehla .eksu
 Ok ;yvqj úLdohk ùu
hlv - wï,h ;o r;= meyehla .eksu
;U - wï,h ks,a fld< meyehla .eksu
fldaI msrúug fhdod .kakd c,h u.ska fndfyda úg negßh
laf,daßka" le,aisï iy ue.aksishï wu,hg tl;= fõ' negßfha flan,a
jh¾ g¾äk, msßisÿ lsßfños;a wfrdamKh iy jh¾ g¾äk, iïnkaO
jdykh w¨;ajeähd lrk wjia:dj,os bj;a lrk ,o jh¾ len,s iy
weK wdosh negßh ;=<g jeáfïos wï,hg f,day j¾. tl;= fõ'
 negßh msrùu ioyd wdi%e; c,h muKla Ndú;d lrkak'
 negßh wdfrdamKh lrk wjia:dj, uqä nqre,a lr lg wdjrKh
jk fia ;nkak'
 jdykh w¨;a jeäh lrk wjia:dj, negßfha uqä fydoska jid
;nkak'

14. 14
úÉfPaoH uÜgu ielsu w;miq lsßu
(Neglecting to top up)
,laIK - jd;hg ksrdjKh jq fldgia we;s øjHhka ye,s hdï'
fya;=j –
1. ksis fõ,jg fldaI msrúu isÿ fkdlsßu
2. wê wdfrdamKh
3. wêl Odrdjla .eksu
4. jdykfha tkacdfï wIaK;ajh wêl úu
je,elaúu –
 uilg fojrla wdi%e; c,h uÜgu mßlaId lr, n,d kshñ;
m%udKhg wdi%e; c,h Ndú;d lr ielisu'
wvqfjka wdfrdamKh úu (Under charging)
,laIK –
1. Ok ;yvqj >k úu'
fyd;=j –
1. jdykh ksr;=rj Odjh fkdlsßu'
2. *eka fn,aÜ nqre,a úu'
3. wdfrdamKh" Odrdj wvqfjka ilid ;sìu'
j<lajd .eksu–
1. jdykh Odjkh fkdlrk wjia:d j,os negßh .,jd
wdfrdamKh lsßu'
2. iïu; Odrj ielsisu'
3. *eka fn,aÜ mßlaId lsßu'

15. 15
negß mqmqrd heï (Explosion)
fyd;=j –
1. negß w.% w;r flá mßm: we;s úu'
2. jdykh úoHq;a moaO;sh u.ska wêl Odrdjla ,nd .eksu'
3. negß wdfrdaamKh jk wjia:dj,os úÿ,s mq,s.= u.ska fyda
oe,ajq ÿïjeá fyda .sksl=re u.ska negßfhka wêl Odrdjla
,nd .eksfïos we;sjk jdhqfõ msvkh yd wdfrdamKfhaos
we;sjk H2 jdhqj .sks .eksu ksid;a negß mqmqrd hdu isÿfõ'
j<lajd .eksu –
1. negrdhl fodaI nj mßlaId lsßu ioyd fyd fjk;a fodaI
iys; jdyk WmlrK mßlaId lsßu ioyd negß w.% fl,skau
iïnkaO lsßfuka je,lsu'
2. negß wdfrdamKh lsßfïos úÿ,sh ldkaÿ úï j,g bv
fkd;ìu'
3. .sks oe,a,l fyda oe,ajq ÿïjeá negßh wi,g ,x fkdlßu'

16. 16
wï, idkaøKh jeä ùu (High gravity acid)
,laIK–
1. iDK ;yvqj osh ù hdu'
2. úÉfPaoHh wÿre meyehla .eksu'
3. wdfrdamKfhaos r;a úu'
fya;=j–
1. iïu; úYsIag .=re;ajfhka hq;a wï,h ndú;d fkdlsßu'
2. i¾cs; ;;ajfhaos wdfrdamKh lsßu msKsi wï,h tl;= lsßu'
3. negßh msrúu wdi%e; c,h fjkqjg wï,h Ndú;d lsßu'
j<lajd .eksu–
1. úh<s negßh ioyd ks¾foaYs; úYsIaG .=re;ajfhka hq;a wï,h
Ndú;d lsßu'
2. uq,a wjia:dfõos yer wka lsisu úgl negßhg wï,h tl;=
fkdlsßu'

17. 17
negßhl wdhq ld,h wvqúu (Over charging)
,laIK –
1. negßh wêl f,I r;a ùu'
2. negßh fome;a;g fkrd tu'
3. Ok ;yvqj myiqfjka leä hdu'
4. iDK ;yvqfõ Bhï l=vq njg m;a ùu'
5. c,h jdIam ù hdu blauka ùu'
fya;=j –
1. wêl Odrdjlska wdfrdamKh ùu'
2. wvq Odß;dhlska hq;a negrhla iú lßu'
3. úoaHq;a moaO;sfha flá mßm: we;s ùu'
4. flá ld,hla ;=, kej; kej; wdfrdamKh lsßu'
j<lajd .eksu –
1. wdfrdamKh Odrj uilg jrla mßlaId lr .eksu'
2. jdykh ioyd kshñ; negßhla iú lsßu'

18. 18
negßh úi¾cs; ;;ajfha ;sìu
(Battery idling for long time)
,laIK–
1. wdfrdamKh lsßug wmyiq ùu'
2. wdfrdamKfhaos wêl f,i r;a ùu'
3. Ok ;yvqj iDK ;yvqj iy fimf¾g¾ u; iqÿ meye;s iaMál we;s
ùu'
fya;=j–
1. úi¾cs; ;;ajfhka os.= l,hla ;sìu'
2. jdykfhka wdfrdamKh fkdùu'
j<lajd .eksu–
1. Ndú;d fkdlrk wjia:dj,os wdfrdamKh lr ;eìu'
2. mq¾K úi¾cs; ;;ajhg m;a úug fmr kej; wdfrdamKh lsßu'

19. 19
negß kv;a;= / lsßu
1. negßh ndysßka mrlaId lsßu / msßisÿj ;nd .eksu'
2. negß w.% ksis wdldrfhka ;o lr ;sìu'
3. negß w.% iïíO lsßfïos g¾ñk,a wvq ndú;d lsßu'
4. úoHq;a úÉfPaoHh uÜgu mßlaId lsßu'
5. negßfha wdfrdamK ;;aj mßlaId lsßu'
6. negß wdfrdamKh lsßu'
negßh ndysßka mßlaId lsßu
1. fuysos negßh wdjrK c,h fhdod msßisÿ lsßfïos fldaI ;=,g c,h
fkdoñh hq;=h'
2. negß lKq j, Tlaihsâ neos we;a;kï tjd WKqj;=r oud msßisÿ
l, hq;=hs'
3. negßfha jd isÿre ksis mßos ;sìh hq;= w;r negßfha uQä fydoska
jid ;sìh hq;=h'
4. negß g¾ñk,a ksis wdldrj ;sfíoeh yd iúú ;sfíoeh mßlaIdj'

20. 20
ndysr mßlaId lsßu
by; rEmfha osiajk wdldrhg negß w.% nqre,a ú fyda f.ú
;sfíoehs mßlaId l, hq;=h'
by; rEmfha wdldrhg negß lKqj, úLdokh (Corrosion) isÿú
;sfíkñ t ioyd Terminal cleaner tlla ndú;fhka th msßisÿ lr.;
hq;=h'

21. 21
Clamp spreader
negßfha w.%j,ska Clamp (g¾ñk,a) .e,úfïos fuu WmlrKh
Ndú;d ll, yel' ;jo w¿;a negßhla oeñfïos g¾ñk,a iúlsßu ioyd
by; WmlrKh Ndú;d fõ'
Clamp cleaner tlla u.ska Clamp tl msßisÿ lsßu' fuysos fydoska
negßfha uQä jid ;nkak'

22. 22
úoHq;a úÉfPaoHh uÜgu mßlaId lsßu'
negßh iu;, ;sria u;=msgl ;nd tys úoHq;a úÉfPaoHh uÜgu
mrlaId l, hq;=h' tys uÜgu ;yvqj, by, uÜgug jvd 7mm la by,ska
fyd ksIamdolhska negß wdj¾Kfha i,l=Kq lr we;s Wmßu uÜgu (Upper
level) ;sìh hq;=h'
úoHq; úÉfPaHh uÜgu my< nei we;akï kshu;a uÜgu olajd
wdi%e; c,h (Distilled water) muKla tl;= lsßfuka ksjeros l, hq;=h'
lsis úfgl;a wï,h tl;= lsßu fkdl, hq;=h'

23. 23
negßfha wdfrdamK ;;ajh mßlaId lsßu
fï ioyd negß øj udkh (Battery hydrometer) Ndú;d lrkq
,nhs'
negß øj udkh (Battery hydrometer)
 r;= - úi¾cs;h
 iqÿ - w¾O wdfrdams;h
 fld< - mq¾K wdfrdams;h

24. 24
f,â wï, negßhl wdfrdamKh ls¾Kh lsßu ioyd øj udkh
(Hydrometer) nú;d l,yel' fuu mßlaIKfhaos isÿlrkq ,nkqfha øj
udkh wdOdrfhka negrh fldaI j, úoHq;a úÉfPaofha úYaIG .=re;ajh
mßlaId lsßuhs'
øjudkh isria w;g msysgk fia ;ndf.k øjudkfha bms,a, mdúug
yels;rug ñY%Kfhka iaj,amhla weo.kak' ñY%Kh weo.;a miq th ;=,
bms,a, mdfjj w;r th wï, ñY%Kfh .s,s we;s m%udKh tys mdGdxlh
u.ska lshjd .kak' bms,a, wxl igyka lsßug wu;rj fndfyda úg tys
fld<" iqÿ" r;= j¾K fhdod we;' ñY%Kh b;d ÿ¾j, kï (wfmalaIs;
úIsG.=re;ajfha fkdue;s kï) tys bms,a, m;=,g lsod nis' fï wdlrhg
negßhl wdfrdamK ;;ajh myiqfjka jgyd .; yelsh'
negßfh wdfrdamK
;;ajh
bms,af,a j¾Kh 20O
C os úYsIAG
.=re;ajh
mQ¾K wdfrdams; fld< 1'300 - 1'250
w¾O wdfrdams; iqÿ 1'250 - 1'200
úi¾cs; r;= 1'200 - 1'100
WIaK;ajfha n,meu u; úoHq;a jÉfPaofha úYsIAG .=re;ajh iq¿
jYfhka fjkia fõ' WIaK;ajh 1O
Clska jeä jq úg úYsIaG .=re;ajfha
w.h 0'001 lska jeäjk w;r WIaK;ajh 1O
C lska wvq jq úg úYsIAG
.=re;ajfha w.h 0'0001 lska wvq fõ'

25. 25
yhsfv%d ógrh Ndú;hg Wmfoia
1. negßhg isriaj isák fia w,a,d .kak'
2. bms,a, wdj¾Kfha fkdjeos mdfjk úglos ñkqï lshdjkak'
3. øjKfha by,u ia:dkfhaka ñkqu ,nd.kak'
4. weiauÜgu fl,ska yhsfv%dñgrfha ødjK ;ndf.k lshjkak'
5. Ndú;fhka miq isßisÿ lr wdrlaId ldßj ;nd.kak'

26. 26
yhsfv%d ñgrhla wdOdrfhka negßhla mßlaId lrk
wdlrh'
yhsfv%d ñgrh isriaj isgk fia
negrh ;=,g oud t ;=,g úoaHQ;a
úÉfPaoHfhka fldgila f.k mGdxlh
.; hq;=h'
Hydrometer lska
negßhla mßlaId lrk fuu
wjia:dfõos tla fldaIhl
idkaøK wkqmd;h (úYsIaG
.=re;ajh) fjkia w.hls' kuq;a
fuu mßlaIKfhaos fldaI
ish,af,ysu w.h ksjerosj ;sìh
hq;=h'
tkï fuu negßh fodaI iy.;
fõ'

27. 27
wê ner mßlaIlh (Load tester)
fjda,aÜ ógrh
úner
m%;sfrdaO

28. 28
fuu WmlrKh u.ska mK.ekajqï fudagrh ksis wdldrfhka l%shd
lrùug wjYHh lrk Odr m%udKh negßfhka ,ndosh yelsfõo hkak
mßlaId lrkq ,nhs' tkï negßfha wdfrdmK ;;ajh mßlaId lsßuls'
fuysos fm<uqj fjda,aÜ ñgrhlska w.% fjda,aáh;dj uek.; hq;=h'
miqj negßfha Odß;hg wkql=,j wmlrKh we;s m%;sfrdaOl
f;drd.; hql=h' fuu mßlaIdj ;;amr 05lr wvq ld,hlska wjika l,
h;=h w;r mßlAIdjg m%:u negßh fydoska wdfrdamKh ú ;sìh hq;=h'
fuu mßlaIKfhaaos negßh u.ska Odrj msg;g ,nd.kakd fudfydf;aos w.%
fjda,aáh;d neisï WmlrKfha we;s fjda,aÜ ñgrh u.ska fmkakqu lrhs'
12V negßhla fuu WmlrKh Ndú;fhka mßlaId lsßfïos w.%
fjda,aáh;d neiau 9V – 12V w;r mej;=fkdfyd;a th fydo wdfrdmK
;;ajfha we;s negßhla f,I kï l, yel'

29. 29
negß wdfrdamKh
fudag¾ r: negß wdfrdamKh l, yelaflfla ir, Odrjla u.ska
muKs (DC current) negßhla l,la tlu ;ek ;sìfuka fyd wdfrdamK
moaO;sfha we;s fodaIhka ksid úi¾cs; úh yelsh' fï ioyd negß
wdfrdamlhla (Battery charger) Ndú;d lrkq ,nhs'
negß wdfrdamKh m%Odk jYfhka l%u ;=kls tkï
 m%d:ñl wdfrdamKh
 idukHh wdfrdamKh
 is.%;d wdfrdamKh
m%d:ñl wdfrdamKh
fuu wdfrdamK l%uh negßhlg tla jrlos muKl isÿlrkq ,nhs'
tkï fuu wdfrdamK l%uh w¿;au negß ioyd fhdod.ks' fuyssos fj<o
fmdf,ka ñ,os .kakd úh<s negß ;=,g ;kql i,amshqßla wï,h tl jrla
wjYHh m%udKhg oeñu isÿlrkq ,nhs'
fï ioyd ,ndosh hq;= jkafka negßfha Odß;djfhka l Odrdjla
muKs' negßhla uq,a wjia:dfõos jeä l,hla fuu l%uh u.ska
wdfrdmKfhka tys l,ameje;auo jeäfõ'
fuh meh 15 l%uh f,io yÿkajkq ,efí'

30. 30
idukHh wdfrdamKh
negß wdfrdamKh ioyd nyq,ju fhdod.kq ,nkafka fuu l%uhhs'
negßhla m<ï jr wdfrdamKfhka miq kej; wdfrdamKh ioyd jvd;au
iqÿiqu l%uh fuh fõ'
fuysos lrkq ,nkqfha wdfrdamK hka;%hla wdOdrfhka tu negßfha
Odß;jfhka l Odrjla ,ndos wdfrdamKh úug ie,iaúuhs' fuh meh
10 l%uh f,io yÿkajhs' ksoiqkla f,i 50Ah negßhla wdfrdamKh
lsßfïos t ioyd ,ndosh hq;= Odrd m%udKh jkqfha
50ù 5A tkï wdfrdamKh l, hq;= ld,h meh 10 ls'
Odß;djh ld,h ù Odrdj

31. 31
 iudkH wdfrdamKho m%Odk fldgia lsysmhlg j¾. l, yel
iudkH wdfrdamKh
iudka;r.; wdfrdamKh fY%aKs.; wdfrdamKh
iudka;r.; iudka;r.; fY%aKs.; fY%aKs.;
iudk Odrd wiudk Odr iudk Odrd wiudk Odr
iys; negß iys; negß negß iys; negß
iudka;r.; wdfrdamKh
iudka;r.; wdfrdamKfhaos ,ndosh hq;=jkafka tlu
fjda,áh;djhls' tkï iudk Odrdj kï bka tll w.h ka .=Klr tk
w.h negß .Kfkka .=Klr .; hq;=h' wiudk Odrdj kï Odrj,
tl;=j f.k .=Klr tk ms,s;=r negß .Kkska .=Kl, hq;=h'
fY%aKs.; wdfrdamKh
fuysos ,ndosh hq;= fjda,aáh;djh negß j, we;s fjda,aáh;d j,
tl;=jhs' fïysos Odrdj kï tla negßhl w.h .=Klr negß .Kfka
fjda,aáh;d tl;=lr ,ndosh hq;=h'

32. 32
is.%;d wdfrdamKh (Quick charge)
fuh iqúfYaIs wdfrdamK l%uhls' yosis wjia:djlos negßh
wdfrdamKh lr .eksu ioyd nú;d lrkq ,nk w;r fuh negßfha wdhq
ld,h wvq úugo n,mdkq ,nhs'
fuh iïu; wdfrdamK l%uhla fkdjk w;r idukH l%uh hgf;a
negßhla wdfrdamKh lsßu ioyd ,ndfok Odrj fuka oy.=Khl úoaHq;a
Odrjla ,ndosh hq;= w;r th ,nd fokafka negßfha Odß;jfhka 80%
ioyd muKs' b;sß 20% iudkH wdfrdamKfhaos ,ndfok Odrj ,ndosh hq;=
fõ'
 fuu l%uh u.ska wdfrdamKh lsßfïos negßh uqä nqre,a lr ;eìh
hq;=fõ' tkï negßh ;=, is.%fhka m%;sl%sh we;sjk ksidh'