about poultry in pakistan

2. Presentation by:
Usman Ali 11-ntu-1093
Usman muneer 11-ntu-1063
Waqas Ali 11-ntu-1097
Yusra Anees 11-ntu-1098
Uzman saleem 11-ntu-1095

3. Poultry science is the study of principles
and practices involved in the poultry sector

4.  Campaign launched in 1963 to increase the
poultry production of the country
 Allotment of state lands on lease for poultry
farms
 Development of Pakistan's poultry industry
 first phase is 1960-1970
 2nd phase 1971-1975
 3rd phase is 1976-1980 and onwards

5.  Sector generates employement for 1.5 million
people
 At present 50 billion of agriculture produce
and bio products are used in poultry feed.

6.  Almost every household and some urban
households raise poultry.
 Contribution to egg production is 41.6%.
 Contribution to meat production is 24.3%.
 Breeds (local, imported)

7.  Farms 25897
 Hatcheries 305
 Feed mills 154
 Share in eggs production 58.4%.
 Share in meat production 75.7%

8.  In the province of Punjab poultry farms are
well established in the areas of
 Rawalpindi
 Faisalabad
 Multan
 Lahore
 Bahawalpur
 Rahimyar khan
 Miamwali

9.  In the province of Sindh, there are farms in
 Mirpurkhas
 Sukhur
 Nawabshah and in some other small cities

10.  Poultry farms can be of two types
1. Breeding farms
2. Layer farms

11.  Aseel
 Originated from
Southern Punjab of
pakistan

12.  Sadal
 A very large
population of this
type in Pakistan
 Have longer legs
with thin thighs
and little wattles
with pea-combs.

13.  Buff orpington chicken
 There are Black Orpingtons,
White Orpingtons, Blue
Orpingtons (somewhat rare),
and Buff Orpingtons - the
Buff color being the most
prevalent.
 They are raised for the
purposes of both meat and
egg production (a "dual
purpose" breed).

14.  Broiler chicken
 Broilers are chickens (Gallus
domestic us) bred and rose
specifically for
meat production.
 Most commercialy used
breed.

15.  Black bantam chicken
 Black bantam is
a breed of chicken origin
-ating in Japan.
 They are a breed with
large upright tails that
often reach over the
chicken's head.

16.  Silkie hens chicken
 The breed has several
other unusual qualities,
such as black skin, flesh,
and bones, blue earlobes,
and five toes on each foot,
whereas most chickens
only have four.
 Laying about three eggs a
week, they are commonly
used to hatch eggs.

17.  Pakistan produces 6.5 thousand million eggs and
340 thousand tones poultry meat.
 The consumption of poultry feed increased with
their ages. It reached its peak (135g/bird/ day) at
25 weeks age. Then it declined slightly reaching
124g / bird/ day at 33 weeks of age.
 The capacity of the layers farm varies from 2000
to 20000 birds and that of the broilers farms
from 103 to 403 birds per annum.

18.  The majority of such farmers are generally in
and around the cities like Karachi, Lahore,
Peshawar, and Faisalabad.
 There are also some local breeds, which are
highly productive and are more adaptive to the
local conditions.
 A laying bird produces an average of 250 eggs
per year and the average live weight of the
broiler is recommended as 1200 grams ( or 1.2
kg), at 8 weeks of age.

19.  The poultry sector is now on the second
number, especially when it comes to the
economy of the country.
 The sector is made up of
1. 280 hatcheries
2. 139 feeding mills
3. 20000 layers, breeding and other broiler
farms
4. Millions of chickens and chicks

20.  industry is importing more than 100,000
grandparents from countries like Holland, USA,
China and Germany
 These grandparents in return contribute towards
the production 500 million commercial broilers.
 These broilers in return are providing 450,000
metric tons of the poultry meat.

21.  There are a number of other factors that have
undermined its growth.
1. Extreme changes in the weather
2. Poor farming and management practices
3. Rise in the mortality rate
4. Economical downfall
5. Lack of investment
6. Various outbreaks that result from time to
time

22.  Commercial chicken houses and
controlled sheds can provide the solution
to this hazardous situation.
1. The commercial poultry houses should also be due
attention towards the wellbeing and health of the
birds and other domesticated farms.
2. All of the key players in poultry must work in
collaboration with each other, so that the current
dynamics and changes can be pacified and brought
to be more balanced state.
3. The poultry business is effectuated negatively in
times of the extreme weather whether summer or
winter.

23.  In last 50 years, year 2013 has proved to be the
worst year for poultry industry
 average sale price of chicken during this calendar
year remained Rs15 less than the cost of
production, translating into total loss of Rs30
billion to the industry.
 inflicting loss of more than Rs15 on sale of one
kg chicken on average.
 the total loss mounts to around Rs30 billion on
sale of 1 billion birds or 2 billion kg chicken
meet.

24.  Role of feed and nutrition for livestock
production is as essential.
 A good nutrition plays a significant role for
optimum production.
 on a scale of 1 to 10, it has rating of 7.

25.  commercial poultry farming was introduced
by PIA in collaboration with Shavers
 Feed manufacturing was started in 1962 by
another multinational, Lever Brothers under
foreign tutelage.
 They started first commercial poultry feed
mill at Rahim Yar Khan at the center of
Pakistan.

26.  To provide feed in Punjab Late Mian Mukhtar (elder brother of Mian
Mumtaz) constructed a feed mill, Ani Feed in Gujranwala in 1967.
 Then to meet growing demand of poultry feed, especially in Punjab,
two new feed mills emerged, Ravi Feeds in Lahore and Al-Fatah
Feeds in Faisalabad in 1969.
 In nineteen eighties, more feed mills were constructed all over
Pakistan.
 Olympia group started their second feed mill, Punjab Feeds near
Sheikhupura.
 From 1990 onward growth in poultry sector was on tremendous
scale
 Shahzor group (now named as Sabir's) has erected and started
Multan Feeds near Multan while Sharif Feed by Sharif's (Shahbaz
Sharif family) has also commenced its commercial operation

27.  science of nutrition along with genetic potential of
the commercial chicken was not as of present day
chicken
 At that time, in meat production (broiler) a feed
conversion ratio (FCR) of 2.5 (that is 3 Kg of feed for
one Kg of live weight) with live weight of 1.25 to 1.5
Kg in 8 weeks was considered to be best.
 For egg laying bird 150 eggs per hen per cycle was
considered best and feed intake of 130 to 150 grams
per hen per day for this kind of production was also
thought to be acceptable without considering
nutrients supply per unit basis.

28.  Lever Feeds also introduced crumb feed but it
totally flopped and they had to close crumb feed
manufacturing.
 Pellet and Crumb feed was re-introduced by Late
Sheikh Anwar of Sind Feed in mid to late eighties
closely followed by Olympia group.
 then post grinding system along with better
conditioning systems for pelleting was evolved.
 Now the feed manufacturing operation is much
more systematized with the use of automatic
batch controllers and computerized program
with logical control (PLC) to produce high quality
feed

29.  Just like you needed different food when you were a
baby, a chicken has different nutrient needs at the
different stages of her life.
 FOR LAYER HENS:
1. feed your chicks a starter feed that has a protein
level of 20-22 percent.
2. Once the chicks hit six weeks of age, feed them
pullet grower (14 to 16 percent protein) until age
20 weeks.
3. After that, switch your hens to layer feed with a
protein level of 15 to 18 percent.

30. 1. Provide broiler starter with a protein level of
20 to 24 percent from the point of hatching
to six weeks of age.
2. After that, switch your meat chickens to
broiler finisher (16 to 20 percent protein)
until the birds are sent to be slaughtered.

31.  Higher rates of poultry feed and chicks are
the main problems for the poultry industry.
 For these reasons, broiler meat is being
supplied at high rates to people.
 around 23,000 poultry farms had been closed
down due to these problems.

33.  70% of feed is provided by feed mills.
 Ingredients: Wheat, Rice, Maize, Sorghum
Barley, sea food, pulses and vitamins.
 Consumption of feed per day for a chicken is
124-135 grams.

34.  Modified feeds that contain balanced diets
(Medium Protein Diet).
 Automatic batch controller and computerized
manufacturing program has minimized
human involvement and reduced chances of
impurity.

35.  Rural poultry sector can be enhanced.
 To established small poultry units of varying
sizes in the villages to increase production of
village level.
 To improve poultry health and extension services
vaccination against contagious diseases.
 To establish poultry processing plants and cold
stores to provide ready market for broilers.

36.  Avian Influenza:
 Avian influenza, sometimes avian flu, and commonly
bird flu, refers to influenza caused by viruses adapted
to birds.
 “Bird flu” is a phrase similar to “Swin flu”, “Dog flu”,
or “horse flu”.
 Swine Flu:
 Swine influenza, also called pig influenza, swine flu,
hog flu, is an infection by any one of several types of
swine influenza.

37.  It is a well-known fact that poultry farming is a
profitable business but is has also some
disadvantages some disease such as
 Newcastle disease
 infectious bronchitis
 gumboro disease
 fowl pox
 myco plasmosis
Therefore the chickens should be vaccinated
regularly and properly.

39.  In Pakistan, 3 companies are producing medicines.
90% of medicines are imported, most of them from
USA and Germany.
 R&D in medicines are very expensive.
 International Vaccine Brands (SELMORE-COREPSOL-
ALLTECH-BIOPLEX-GOLDEN HARVEST-AVIPRO-
BEDSON-FOSBAC)
 Vet doctors(chemotherapy and management)
 multiple drug therapy
 fungal infection,
 digestive problems
 delay growth
 traces

40.  Special grants and interest free loans to be given to
small commercial poultry farmers whose
establishments have been destroyed.
 Import duties upon the import of feed additive,
pharmaceutical products and equipment be withdraw.
 Poultry industry presently be declared a calamity hit
industry.
 Electricity tarriff for the poultry farms should be the
same as to other industrial units.