HISTORY IN BRIEFEnglish Bill of Rights,1689American Bill of Rights,1791The French Declaration of Right of Man,1789

1. HISTORY IN BRIEF
English Bill of Rights,1689
American Bill of Rights,1791
The French Declaration of Right of Man,1789
Vaibhav Sonule
Asst.Prof, School of Law
Alliance University
Bangalore

2. The English Bill of
Rights, 1689

3. • An Act declaring the rights and liberties of the
subject.
• Rights of citizen represented by Parliament
against Crown.

4. HISTORY
• Formal Constitution in 1650
• Inefficient ruling
• Demand to set up ‘Member of Parliament’
• Monarchy restored

5. Contents
• Limited Royal Power and established
Supremacy of Parliament.
• King can not create/suspend Law
• Freedom of Speech and debate
• Free Election

6. AMERICAN BILL OF RIGHTS,1791

7. • Absolute Freedom
• All powers are vested and derived from People

8. HISTORY
• British Rule
• Rebel of Colonies in North America
• Established Equivalent Govt.
• Unsuccessful attempt by Britishers
• Passed Declaration of Independent in 1776
• Prepare draft of Constitution in 1987
• First Ten amendments is “Bill of Rights”

9. PREAMBLE
• Inspired by John Locke
“Each individual is free and equal in the State”
• Public confidence in Govt.
• No abuse of power

10. CONTENTS
• Freedom of Speech
Religion
Press
Assembly
• Right to keep arms
• Security of State

11. The French Declaration of
Right of Man,1789

12. • Against absolute Monarchy
• Declaration defined collective rights of citizen
and role of Govt. to secure these rightd

13. HISTORY
• Absolute monarchy by King Louis XVI
• Govt. facing financial crises
• Destruction of French Navy in American
Revolution in
• Declaration passed by National Constituent
assembly on 26 Aug. 1789
• Republic State in 1792
• King executed in 1793

14. Inspired by
• Rousseau – Social Contract Theory
• Montesquieu – Separation of Power

15. CONTENT
• The aim of Political association is the
preservation of rights
• Law is the expression of General Will
• Equality before Law
• All the citizens have right to decide public
contribution through Representative
• No illegal arrest and detention

16. UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
1948

17. • International peace
• Common standard of achievement for all

18. History
• World War II
• Establishment of United Nations in 1945
• General assembly and refers the matter of
International Declaration on Human Rights.
• Drafting Committee established under
Economical and Social Council
• “International Bill of Human Rights” prepared

19. • General Assembly adopted on Dce 10, 1948
by 48:8 votes
Consisted Preamble and 30 Articles

20. PREAMBLE
“Recognition of inherent dignity and equal rights
of all members of human family is the
foundation of freedom, justice and peace in
the World.”

21. CONTENTS
PART I (Art.2 to 21)
CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHT
• Right to life, liberty and security
• Equality before law and equal protection of
law
• Right to participate in Govt.

22. PART II (Art. 22 to 27)
Economical and Social Right
• Right to work and free choice of employment
• Right to education
• Right to social security

23. Limitations
• Art 29
The Rights shall be provided subject to public
order and morality
No absolute rights
No legally binding on States