It includes modern trends of GIS RELATING TO ENVIRONMENT. It basically focuses on the applied portion of GIS.

1. SUBMITTED BY:
VAISHALI JAIN
SEMESTER – 1
MSC (TECH) ENVIRONMENTAL
SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY
GEOINFORMATCS

2. WHAT IS GIS ???
 GIS or Geographical Information System is a
computer system/program designed to capture ,
store, manipulate, analyze, manage and present all
types of spatial geographic data.

3. BETTER UNDERSTANDING,
INTEGRATION, APPLICATION AND
MANIPULATION OF GIS DATA WITH
OTHER FIELDS TO DEVELOP NEW
TECHNOLOGIES/SOFTWARES AND
FEATURES.

4. USE OF DIGITAL DATA
 MODERN GIS TECHNOLOGIES USE DIGITAL FORM
DATA
 DATA CREATION- By DIGITIZATION, where a
hardcopy or survey plan is transferred into a digital
form by CAD (Computer–aided Design)
 Digital data involves overlaying of multiple layers

6. INCREASE IN DIMENSIONS
 Historic 2-D maps change into
contemporary 3-D maps
 Along with longitude and latitude,
vertical component i.e. elevation or
depth is also included

7. 3D VIEW OF A CITY SHOWING
BUILDINGS AND FEATURES SUCH AS
ROADS, PARKS ETC.

8. INTEGRATION OF GIS AND
MULTIMEDIA
 MULTIMEDIA GIS allows to incorporate
not only spatial-temporal geographic
information in image format but also
multimedia geographic information in
descriptive texts, scanned
photographs, graphics, digital sound
and video.
 For example:
1. Telecommunication companies pursuing
GIS as an interface to interact,
entertainment, home shopping systems
2. GEOTUORISM – user is proposed to visit
any site according to its interest ,need
and knowledge
3. Special features such as environmental
challenges for a particular geosites.

9. COMPARISON OF DIFFRERNT
FEATURES OF DIFFERENT SITES
USING GRAPHS,PIE CHARTS ,
IMAGES
GEOTOURISM-
FAMOUS
MONUMENTS OF A
PLACE

10. INTEGRATION OF GIS
& REMOTE SENSING
 Remote sensing stored data in raster format while GIS stored
data in vector format , but now modeling Is done by merging
these two types of data
 GIS tells about “where”
 REMOTE SENSING tells about “what”
 Does NOT only acquire process imagery but also combines with
other spatial information to solve problems and create
meaningful results.
 Foundation elements of GIS comes from remote sensing : roads,
buildings, water features, topography, terrain, soil, slopes etc.

12. INTEGRATION OF GIS AND WEB
 Non-professional GIS users gain easy and fast access to
location analyses data to assist in their day-to-day
work.
 Professionals can easily perform spatial operations
such as geocoding and route networking.
 GIS Web services allow:
 providing users one-stop access to location – based
information
 Information available to all who need it ; researchers,
administrations, businessmen, customers.
 Time to time update and maintenance of data

14. GIS AND VIRTUAL REALITY
 3D and 360⁰ panoramic scenes are reconstructed from
multiple image pairs
 A software program was implemented for image
processing, coordinate transformation, 3D surface
modelling, data fusion, digital mapping, database
management for the VRGIS

15. ARCHITECTURAL VISUALIZATION
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
STREET VIEW
VIRTUAL GLOBE

16. MOBILE GIS
 MOBILE GIS extends INDOOR GIS manipulation to
OUTDOOR WORK to collect, modify, measure the
spatial data.
• GIS DATA SOURCESANY DATA
• iOS , ANDROID, WINDOWSANY CLIENT
• ON OR OFF-LINE AVAILABILITYANY TIME
• EASY TO USEANY ONE

18. LIST OF GIS SOFTWARES
 THERE ARE MANY OPEN SOURCE GIS SOFTWARES AVAILABLE
ON INTERNET WHICH ARE EASILY DOWNLOADABLE
ILWIS (Integrated
Land and Water
Information System)
Capaware – A C++ 3D GIS Framework with a
multiple plugin architecture for geographic
graphical analysis and visualization.
Esri – Products
include ArcMap, ArcGIS, ArcSDE, ArcIMS, A
rcWeb services and ArcGIS Server