Dr. Waqas Nawaz PMAS arid agriculture university rawalpindi

1. Dr.Zeeshanakbar
Muhammad arslan 11-arid-948
Muhammad farid 11-arid-949
Muhammad alikokab 11-arid-945
Muhammad ali 11-arid-944
Muhammad Adnan khan 11-arid-943
Muhammadammardilawar11-arid-947

2. The systemic arteries may describe in the following way, easier to understand.
1)Arteries cranial to heart
2)Branches of thoracic aorta
3)Branches of abdominal aorta
4)Arteries of thoracic limb
5 )Major arteries of the pelvic limb
ARTERIES CRANIAL TO HEART
NAME OF ORIGIN AREA OF
ARTERY DISTRIBUTION
1)CORONARY ARTERY ASCENDING AORTA HEART MUSCLE
2)BRACHIO-CEPHALIC AORTA ARTERY HEART MUSCLE
ARTERY
3)LEFT SUBCLAVIAN AORTIC ARCH HEART MUSCLE
ARTERY
4)RIGHT SUBCLAVIAN BRACHIO-CEPHALIC HEART MUSCLE
ARTERY TRUNK
5)DORSAL CERVICAL SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY I INTERCOSTAL
ARTEY MUSCLE,MUSCLES OF
BASE OF NECK,DORSAL
THORACIC VERTEBRAE
6)DEEP CERVICAL SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY BASE OF NECK AND
ARTERY ADJACENT SCAPULAR
REGION
7)VERTEBRAL ARTERY SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY SURVICAL MUSCLES AND
SPINDAL CORD

3. 8)EXTERNL THORACIC SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY PECTORAL MUSCLES
ARTERY
9)AXILLARY ARTERY SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY MUSCLAE OF THORACIC
LIMB
10)INTERNAL THORACIC SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY MUSCLES OF STERNUM
ARTERY
BRANCHES OF THORACIC AORTA
NAME OF ORIGIN AREA OF
ARTERY DISTRIBUTION
1BRONCHIAL ARTERY THORACIC AORTA PULMONARY TISSUE
2)ESOPHAGEAL ARTERY THORACIC AORTA ESOPHAGUS
3)INTERCOSTAL ARTEY THORACIC AORTA ESOPHAGUS,INTERCOSTAL
MUSCLES
4)PHRENIC ARTERY MAY ARISE FROM DIAPHRAGM
AORTA,CEOLIC ARTERY
BRANCHES OF ABDOMINAL AORTA
NAME OF ORIGIN AREA OF
ARTERY DISTRIBUTION
1)CEOLIC ARTERY ABDOMINAL AORTA
1)HEPATIC ARTERY CEOLIC ARTERY
LIVER
2)RIGHT RUMINAL CEOLIC ARTERY BOTH SURFACES OF
RUMEN
3)LEFT RUMINAL CEOLIC ARTERY LEFT FACE OF RUMEN
4)OMASO-ABOMASAL CEOLIC ARTERY OMASUM AND
ABOMASUM

4. 5)SPLENIC ARTERY CEOLIC ARTERY
SPLEEN
2)ANTERIOR MESENTERIC ABDOMINAL AORTA ANTERIOR PART OF
ARTERY SMALL INTESTINE
3) RENAL ARTERY ABDOMINAL AORTA RIGHT AND LEFT KIDNEY
4)SPERMATIC ARTERY(IN ABDOMINAL AORTA OVARIES,HORNS AND
MALE) UTERO-VARIAN(IN BODY OF UTERUS
FEMALE)
5)LUMBER ARTERY ABDOMINAL AORTA INTERSPINOUS AND
INTERTRANVERSE
SPACES OF LUMBER
VERTEBRAE
6)POST MESENTERIC ABDOMINAL AORTA TERMINAL PART OF
ARTERY RECTUM AND COLON
7)EXTERNAL ILIAC ABDOMINAL AORTA
ARTERY
8)INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY ABDOMINAL AORTA PERIANAL REGION
9)MIDDLE SACCRAL ABDOMINAL AORTA TAIL REGION AND
ARTERY COCCEGEOS MUSCLES
ARTERIES OF THE THORACIC LIMB
NAME OF ORIGIN AREA OF DISTRIBUTION
ARTERY
1)SUPRASCAPULA ANTERIOR SHOULDER JOINT AND PROXIMAL END OF
R ARTERY BORDER OF HUMERUS
SUBSCAPULARI
S
2)SUBSCAPULAR SUBSCAPULARI SCAPULA,INFRASPINATUD,SUBSCAPULARI
ARTERY S MUSCLE S
a)THORACO- TRICEPS,ABDOMINAL
DORSAL ARTERY CUTANEOUS,AXILLARY LYMPH GLANDS
b)POSTERIOR SKIN OF LATERAL SIDE OF SHOULDAR
CIRCUMFLEX CIRCUMFLEX AARTERY
ARTERY oF
HUMERUS
c) CIRCUMFLEX SCAPULA,SUPRASPINATUS,INFRASPINATUS
ARTERY OF
SCAPULA
3)ANTERIOR TERES MAJOR HUMERUS,BICEPS,BRACHIOCEPHALICUS
CIRCUMFLEX

5. ARTERY OF
HUMERUS
4)DEEP BRACHIAL MIDDLR OF TRICEPS,TENSOR FASIAE
ARTERY HUMERUS
5)MUSCULAR TERES MAJOR ,CORACO-BRCHIALIS
BRANCH
6)ULNAR ARTERY DISTAL END OF SUPERFICIAL PECTORAL,CUBITAL LYMPH
COROCO- GLANDS,CUTANEOUS AND SKIN
BRACHIALIS
7)NUTRIENT NUTRIENTFORAMEN OF HUMERUS
ARTERY OF
HUMERUS
8)THE ANTERIOR BICEPS,BRACHIALIS,EXTENSOR OF
RADIAL ARTERY CARPUS AND DIGIT

6. The main artery is brachial artery whose chief branches are
Suprascapular artery:
Arise near anterior boarder of subscapularis and run dorsally and supply to
shoulder joint and proximal end of humerus
Subscapular artery:
Arise at posterior boarder of subscapularis muscle.it ascend in interstice
between that muscle and teres major. Itgive following branches
Thoraco dorsal:
Give branches to triceep and axillary lymph glands.
Circumflex artery of scapula:
Arise from above shoulder joint pass forward to posterior boarder of scapula.
Posterior circumflex artery of humerus:
Give branch to joint capsule,muscle of skin.
Anterior circumflex artery of humerus:
Arise at anterior boarder of teremajor.It give branch to deep pectoraland end in
upper part of biceeps
Deep brachial artery:
Arise from middle of humerus.It supply triceeps,antibrachii,brachialis.
Muscular branches:
Distributed to teresmajor,deep pectoral
Ulnar artery:

7. Arise at distal end of coraco-brachialis and pass downward and back along
ventral edge of medial head.It give branches to these muscles posterior super-
ficialpectoral,lymph gland and skin.
Nutrient artery of humerus:
Arise from ulnar and enter nutrient foramen of humerus.
Anterior radial artery:
Pass downward and little outward on anterior face of humerus under cover of
biceeps in front of elbow joint.It supply biceeps,extensor of carpus.
THE MEDIAN ARTERY
It is direct continuation of brachial.It is accompanied by median nerve lies in
front of artery at its origin.
Articular branch:
Supply to elbow joint.
Muscular branch:
Go to flexor of carpus and digit,the largest of these arise at proximal 3rd of
forearm.
Common interosseous artery:
Arise at level of interosseous space through which it passoutward.It supply to
nutrient artery of radius and ulna.
Artery of rete carpi volare:
Arise at distal 3rd of forearm and desend on radius to posterior surface of
carpus.
Lateral volar metacarpal artery:
Arise just above carpus
Medial volar metacarpal artery:

8. Is given off median at acute angle,pass down medial side of carpus behind
tendom of flexor.It supply nutrient artery to large metacarpal bone.
THE DIGITAL ARTRIES
Artery of 1stphalanx:
It rises at right angle about middle of 1st phalanx
1)Dorsal branch
2)Volar branch
Artery of digital cushion:
Arise at proximal boarder of cartilage of 3rd phalanx and pass down to ramify in
digital cushion.
Dorsal artery of 2nd phalanx:
Arise little above distal sesamoid bone and pass forward under cover of cartilage
of third phalanx and give branch to skin,coffin,joint and coronary corium of hoof.
Volar artery of 2nd phalanx:
It pass above proximal boarder of distal sesamoid bone and unite with opposite
artery.
Dorsal artery of 3rd phalanx:
Arise at deep face of angle of 3rd phalanx passing through notch and run
forward in groove on dorsal surface give off branches which ramify in corium of wall of
hoof.

9. IN ADDITION TO THE CORONARY ARTERIES AND COMMON BRACHIO-CEPHALIC
TRUNK, THE THORACIC PART OF AORTA GIVES OFF BRANCHES TO THE
THORACIC WALLS AND VISCERA AND TO SPINAL CORD AND ITS MEMBRANE.
(1).VISERAL BRANCHES…………….BRONCHIAL AND OESOPHAGEAL
(2).PARIETAL BRANCHES…………..INTERCOSTAL AND PHRENIC
(1) VISCERAL BANCHES
BRONCHIAL-OESOPHAGEAL ARTERY:
ORIGIN:
ARISES AT THE SIXTH THORACIC VERTEBRA FROM AORTA-IT DESCENDS OVER
THE RIGHT FACE OF THE AORTA TOWARDS BIFURCATION OF TRACHEA AND
DIVIDED INTO BRONCHIAL ANAOESOPHAGIAL BRANCHES.
BRONCHIAL ARTERY:
IT CROSSES THE LEFT FACE OF OESOPHAGOUS TO THE BIFURCATION OF
TRACHEA WHERE IT DIVIDES INTO RIGHT AND LEFT BRANCHES.EACH ENTER
INTO HILUS OF CORRESPONDING LUNG.
OESOPHAGEAL ARTERY:
IT IS SMALL VESSEL WHICH PASSES BACKWARD DORSAL TO THE OESOPHAGOUS
IN THE POSTERIOR MEDIASTINUM AND ANASTOMOSIS WITH THE OESOPHAGEAL
BRANCH OF THE GASTRIC ARTERY AND GIVES OFF BRANCHES WHICH PASSES
BETWEEN THE LAYERS OF LIGAMENT OF THE LUNGS.
PARIETAL BRANCHES:

10. INTERCOSTAL ARTERIES:
*FIRST ARISE FROM DEEP CERVICLE ARTERY
*NEXT THREE ARISE FROM SUBCOSTAL BRANCH OF DORSAL ARTERY
*REMAINDER ARISE FROM AORTA
1.AORTICINTERCOSTALS ARTERIES:
ARISE FROM AORTA IN PAIRES CLOSE TOGETHER. THE FIFTH AND SIXTH
SPRINGS FROM A COMMON STEM. EACH PASSES THE BODY OF VERTEBRA TO
INTERCOSTALS SPACE. IT DIVIDES INTO
A) DORSAL BRANCHES
B) VENTERAL BRANCHES
A) DORSAL BRANCHES:
IT GIVES OFF SPINAL BRANCHES WHICH PASSES THROUGH
INTERVERTEBERALFORAMEN.A MUSCULAR BRANCH PASSES TO MUSCLE
AND SKIN OF BACK.
B) VENTERAL BRANCHES:
IT IS MUCH LARGE.
ORIGIN: IT DESCEND IN MIDDLE OF INTERCOSTALS SPACE BETWEEN
INTRCOSTAL MUSCLES.
SUPPLIES:IT SUPPLIES INTERCOSTALSMUSCLE,THERIBS,AND PLEURA
PHARENIC ARTERIES:
ORIGIN: TWO OR THREE SMALL BRANCHES WHICH ARISE AT HIATUS AORTICUS
FROM VENTERAL ASPECT OF AORTA.
SUPPLIES: THEY SUPPLIES CRURA OF DIAPGRAM.

11. BRANCHES OF ABDOMINAL AORTA:
THESE BRANCHES SUPPLIES
(1) WALLS OF ABDOMINAL CAVITY
(2) SOME BRANCHES SUPPLIES SPINAL CORD
(3) SOME EXTEND INTO PELVIS AND SACROTUM
VISCERAL BRANCHES
(1).COELIAC ARTERY
IT IS UN PAIRED VESSEL
ORIGIN: ARISE FROM VENTERAL ASPECT OF AORTA
IT IS FURTHER DIVIDED INTO THREE BRANCHES
(A) GASTRIC ARTERY
IT GIVES OFF OESOPHAGOUS AND PANCREATIC BRANCHES
IT DIVIDED BEHIND THE CARDIA INTO ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR BRANCHES
ANTERIOR BRANCHES:
THEY SUPPLIES THE PARIETAL SURFACE OF STOMACH
POSTERIOR BRANCHES:
THEY SUPPLIES THE VISCERAL SURFACE OF STOMACH
OESOPHGEAL BRANCHES:
IT PPASSES THROUGH HIATUS OESOPHAGOUS INTO THORACIC CAVITY ABOVE
THE OESOPHAGOUS AND ANASTOMOSES WITH THE OESOPHAGEAL BRANCH OF
BRONCHO-OESOPHAGEAL CAVITY.
(B) HEPATIC ARTERY:
LARGER THAN GASTRIC
IT PASSES FORWARD AND TO THE RIGHT AND VENTERALLY ON DORSAL
SURFACE OF PANCREAS

12. IT DIVIDED INTO 3-4 BRANCHES WHICH ENTER THE PORTAL FISSURE OF
LIVER
IT ALSO GIVES OFF CO-LATERAL BRANCHES
PANCREATIC BRANCHES:
GIVES OFF AN ARTERY CROSSES THE PANCREAS
PYLORIC ARTERY:
ORIGIN: ARISE FROM DUOENUM AND GIVES OFF ITS BRANCHES TO
PYLORUS.
GASTRO-DUODENAL ARTERY:
ORIGIN: IT ALSO ARISE FROM DUODENUM
IT ALSO GIVES TWO BRANCHES.
RIGHT GASTRO EPIPLOIC ARTERY:
IT SUPPLIES STOMACH AND DUODENUM
PANCREATIC-DUEDENAL ARTERY:
IT SUPPLIES PANCREAS AND DUEDENUM
SPLENIC ARTERY:
LARGEST BRNCH OF CORLIAC ARTERY.
IT PASSES THE LEFT EXTRIMITY OF PANCRAS AND CROSS THE STOMACH.
IT GIVES OFF
PANCREATIC BRANCHES:
SUPPLIES: THEY SUPPLIES THE LEFT EXTRIMITY OF PANCREAS
SPLENIC BRANCHES:
SUPPLIES: THEY SUPPLIES THE SPLEEN
SHORT GASTRIC BRANCHES:
SUPPLIES:IT SUPPLIES YHE GREATER CURVATURE OF STOMACH
LEFT GATRO EPIPLOIC ARTERY:
IT IS CONTINUATION OF SPLENIC ARTERY
SUPPLIES:IT SUPPLIES THE GREATER CURVATURE OF STOMACH
(2) ANTERIOR MESENTRIC
ORIGIN:
ARISE FROM VENTERAL FACE OF AORTA AT FIRST LUMBER VERTEBRA.

13. IT IS LARGE UNPAIRED TRUNK IT PASSES VENTERALLY BETWEEN VANA CAVA
AND ADRENAL
IT GIVES OFF BRANCHES
LEFT BRANCH:
IT GIVES OFF 15-20 BRANCHES OF SMALL INTESTINE
RIGHT BRANCHES:
IT GIVES OFF SMALL BRANCHES
ILEAL: IT PASSES THE TERMINAL PART OF ILEUM
LATERAL COCCYGEAL ARTERY: IT PASSES BETWEEN COECUM AND ORIGIN OF
COLON
MEDIAL COCCYGEAL ARTERY: IT PASSES ALONG THE APEX OF COECUM
VENTERAL COLIC ARTERY: IT PASSES THE VENTERAL SURFACE OF COLON
WHERE IT UNITES WITH DORSAL COLIC ARTERY
ANTERIOR BRANCHES :IT GIVES OFF
DORSAL COLIC ARTERY: IT PASSESS THE GREATER COLON AND JOINS THE
VENTERAL COLIC ARTERY
MEDIAL COLIC ARTERY:IT PASSES THE SMALL COLON AND ENTER THE COLIC
MESENTRY
(3) RENAL
RIGHT & LEFT ARE RELATIVELY LARGE NESSELS WHICH ARISES FROM AORTA
NEAR THE ANTERIOR MESENTRIC.
RIGHT ARTERY: IT IS LONGER OF THE TWO;
※ IT CROSS THE DORSAL SURFACE OF VENA CAVA
※ AT RENAL HILUS IT DIVIDES INTO SEVERAL BRANCHES
LEFT ARTERY: IT IS SHORTER;
※ IT PASSES DIRECTLY OUTWARD TO THE KIDNEY
※ SOME CO-LATERAL BRANCHES SUPPLIED & UTERUS , PERITONIAL
FAT, RENAL LYMPH GLAND & ADRENAL.

14. (4)POSTERIOR MESENTRIC
※ IT IS AN UNPAIRED VESSEL WHICH ARISES FROM VENTRAL SURFACE OF
AORTA AT THE 4TH LUMBER VERTEBRA.
※ IT SUPPLIES THE SMALL COLON & RECTUM
o ANTERIOR BRANCH
o POSTERIOR BRANCH
(5)INTERNAL SPERMATIC/UTERO-OVARIAN
IT ARISES FROM AORTA NEAR THE POSTERIOR MESENTRIC & SUPPLY THE
TESTICLE AND EPIDIDYMUS.
EACH PASSES BACKWARD IN A NARROW FOLD OF PERITONIUM TO THE INTRNAL
INGUANUL RING & DESENDS THOUGH INGUINAL CANAL TO THE SACROTUM.
THE UTERO-OVERIAN ARTRIES:
IN THE FEMALE IT DIVIDES INTO
※ OVERIAN---supplies overies
※ UTERINE BRANCHES---supplies uterus
LUMBER ARTRIES: SIX ARTRIES OF LUMBER ARTERIES ;
※ FIVE PAIR ARISES FROM AORTA
※ 6TH PAIR ARISES FROM INTERNAL ILIAC
EACH PASSES ACROSS THE BODY OF LUMBER VERTEBRA TO THE
INTERTRANSVERSE SPACE GIVES THE BRANCHES TO THE SUB_LUMBER
MUSCLES DIVIDES INTO
DORSAL BRANCHES
VENTRAL BRANCHES
THE INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY:
INTERNAL ILIAC OR HYPOGASTRIC ARTTRIES RESULTS FROM THE BIFURCARTION
OF THE AORTA UNDER THE 5TH OR 6TH LUMBER VERTEBRA
CHIEF BRANCHES
LUMBER ARTERIES
INTERNAL PUDIC ARTERY

15. LUMBER ARTERIES: IT PASSES THROUGH THE FORAMIN AT THE JUNCTION OF
THE LAST LUMBER VERTEBRA & SACRUM.
INTERNAL PUDIC ARTERIES: IT ARISES FROM THE INTERNAL ILIAC .
ITS CHIEF BRANCHES
UMBELICAL ARTERIES:
ORIGIN: IT PASSES THROUGH THE UMBLICAL OPENNING &
BECOMES COOMPONENT OF THE UMBLICAL CORD.
SUPPLIES: IT GIVES OFFSMALL VESSICAL BRANCHES TO THE
BLADDER & PROSTATE & DUCTUS DEFRENS.
MIDDAL HEAMORRHOIDAL ARTERY:
ORIGIN: MALE__IT ARRISES FROM NEAR THE PROSTATE
SUPPLIES: MALE__IT SUPPLIES RECTUM,BLADDER,URETHRA&
ACCESORRY GENITAL
GLAND
FEMALE__IT GIVES SUPPLIES TO THE UTERUS
PERINEAL ARTERY:
ORIGIN: IT DESSENDS FROM ANUS
SUPPLIES: IT SUPPLIES THE BULBO CAVERNOSUS MUSCLES &
SKIN OF PERINEUM
FEMALE__IT SUPPLIES THE VESTIBLAR BULB
ARTERY OF BULB:
ORIGIN: IT IS CONTINUATON OF INTERNAL PUDIC ARTERY IN MALE
SUPPLIES: IT SUPPLIES THE URETHRA
ARTERY OF CLITORIS:
ORIGIN: VENTRAL SURFACE OF VALVA
SUPPLIES: IT SUPPLIES TO THE CLITORIS
PARIETAL BRANCHES

16. THESE ARE LUMBER ARTERIES
3.LATERAL SACRAL ARTERY
ARISE FROM LUMBO SACRAL ARTERICULATION.
ITS BRANCHES ARE
SPINAL BRANCHES:
IT ENTERS THE SACRAL FORAMEN
IT GIVES BRANCHES TO SPINAL CORD
MIDDLE COCCYGEAL ARTERY:
ORIGIN: ARISE FROM RIGHT AND LEFT LATERAL SACRAL OR FROM
LATERAL COCCYGEAL ARTERY
SUPPLIES: IT SUPPLIES THE SKIN AND MUSCLES OF TAIL
POSTERIOR GLUTEAL ARTERY
ORIGIN:IT ARISE FROM UPPER PART OF SACRO-SCIATIC LIGAMENT
SUPPLIES: IT SUPPLIES THE MUSCLES OF HIND LIMB
1.SEMITENDINOUS
2.SEMII-MEMBRANOUS
3.SUPERFICIAL GLUTEOUS
(d) LATERAL COCCYGEAL ARTERY:
IT SUPPLIES THE SKIN AND MUSCLES OF TAIL.
4. ILIO-LUMBER ARTERY
ORIGIN:ARISE FROM INTERNAL ILIAC
SUPPLIES:ITGIVES BRANCHES TO ILEOPSOAS MUSCLE AND LONGISSIMUS

17. 5.ANTERIOR GLUTEAL ARTERY:
ORIGIN: ARISE FROMGREATER SCAITIC FORAMEN
SUPPLIES:IT SUPPLIES THE GLUTEAL MUSCLES
6.ILIACO-FEMORAL ARTERY:
ORIGIN:ITPASSES BETWEEN SHAFT OF ILEUM AND THE GLTEUS MEDIUS
DORSALLY
SUPPLIES: IT SUPPLIES THE NUTTENT ARTERY OF ILEUM
7. OBTURATER ARTERY:
ORIGIN: IT ARISE FROM THE OBTURATER FORAMEN BEHIND THE
OBTURATER EXTERNUS
SUPPLIES: IT SUPPLIES THE
ADDUCTER
SEMI-MEMBRANOUS
BICEPS
SEMI-TENDINOUS

18. PULMONARY VEINS:
They return blood from lungs to left atrium of the heart
CARDIAC VEINS:
The coronary sinus is a very short ,bulbous trunk which receives most of the
blood from the wall of the heart.it is situated just below the posterior vena cava. It
opens into the right atrium just below the union of two tributaries.the great cardiac or
left coronary vein ascends in the left longitudinal groove & turns backward in the
coronary groove in which it winds around the posterior border of the heart to the right
side&joins the coronary sinus.the middle cardiac or right coronary vein ascends in the
right longitudinal groove & joins the sinus or opens separately into the atrium just in
front of the orifice of the great cardiac vein so that a common trunk doesn’t then
exist.quite commonly two veins accompany the artery in the right groove&unite at
coronary groove.the small cardiac veins 3 to 5 in no. are small vessels which return
some blood frm the right ventricle &atrium;they open into the latter near the coronary
groove in spaces between the musculipectinati..
THE ANTERIOR VENA CAVA :
The anterior vena cava returns to da heart blood frm da head, neck thoracic
limbs & greater part of da thoracic inlet by the confluence of the two jugular& 2
brachial veins.it deviates to the right of da brachiocephalic trunk & opens into da right
atrium opposite to 4th rib .the thoracic duct opens through the dorsal wall of the origin
of the vena cava .it receives in addition to small pericardial &mediastinal veins ,the
following tributaries

19. 1: The internal thoracic vein;
it is a satellite of artery of that name .it opens into the anterior vena cava at da
1strib.the ventral intercostals veins open into the internal thoracic and
musculophrenic veins
2:The vertebral vein;
It corresponds to the homonymous artery .on the right side it terminates either
in front of the deep cervical vein or by a short common trunk with it .on the left side it
usually unites with the deep cervical veins to form a common trunk
3: The deep cervical vein;
On the right side passes downward & backward across the right face of the
trachea& opens into the vena cava.it receives the 1stintercostals vein
4:Dorsal vein;
Corresponds to the artery .it crosses the right face of the trachea & opens into
the vena cava.on the left side it usually joins the deep cervical &vertebral to form a
short common tunk which crosses the left face of the intrathoracic part of the brachial
artery
VEIN OF THE HEAD & NECK
1:JUGULAR VEINS:
Right & left jugular veins arise behind the ramus of the mandible, about 2&
half inches below the temporo- mandibular articulation by the union of the superficial
temporal & internal maxillary veins its tributaries r as follows
i)Internalmaxilarry vein
It may be considered to begin as the continuation backward of the buccinators
vein where that vessel crosses the alveolar border of the mandible .its principal
radicals r the following;

20. The dorsal lingual vein
It is not a sattelyte of any artery but is in company with the lingual nerve it
receives the tributains from the tongue & soft palate.
The mendibular or inferior alveolar vein
It is a satellite of the corresponding artery it often unites with the preceeding
The middal meningeal vein
It emerges through the foramen lassirumantevious…
Pterygoid vein
It rami pterygoidie
The posterior deep temporal vein
It is a large vessel which receievestributanis from the temporalis
mussle&ammisanis from temporal canal..
2)THE SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL VEIN:
It is formed by the confluence of the anterior emmicular& transverse facial vein
3)THE MESSETANIC VEIN:
It joins a jugular vein at the upper border of the sternosaphalicis tendon
4)THE GREATER AVICULAR VEIN:
It is a satellite of the posterior emmicular artery but joins the jugular a variable
distance below & behind the origin of the artery
5)THE OCCIPITAL VEIN:
The anterior radical is the ventral caudal vein & the posterior radical is formed
by the confluence of muscular spinal branch
6)THE EXTERNAL MAXILLARY VEIN:
The chief difference ion the tributains of the vein as compared with the branches of
the corresponding artery or as follows

21. The label veins: superior & inferior are near the free edges of the lips…..a
little lower is the large this passes back under the upper part of the massiter it
receives a following tributains
The greater palltine vein passes in the groove b/w tuber maxillar& palate bone
The satellite of the artery it forms a rich plexus of the valve
The infra orbital vein is also a satellite of the artery.
The ophthalmic veinis a short trunk which is connected on front with the
cavernous sinnus through the foramen orbitale.
The buccinators vein : it extends backward from the external maxillary
The lingual vein: it is formed at the side of the lingual process of the hyoid bone by the
confluence of severel veins.
The sublingual vein: it is smaller than the preceeding it receives the vein from the
muscles of the mendibular space & sublingual & gums
7)THE THYROID VEIN:
It is a large vessel which joins the jugular near the external maxillary vein.it
receives anterior thyroid…….
8)MUSCULAR,TRACHEAL,OSOPHAGEAL& PAROTID VEINS:
9)THE CEPHALIC VEIN:
It enters the jugular near its termination…
10)THE INFERIOR CERVICAL VEIN:
THE VEINS OF THE CRANIUM
Accompanies the ascending branch of the artery
Cerebral veins:::they lie on the surface of the brain and the sub-arachnoid space
The ascending cerebral vein:::drain moist of the convex & medial surface of the
cerebral hemispheres
The descending cerebral veins:::they come from the ventral part of the convex surface
of the cerebrum..

22. The basal cerebral veins:::they converge to a large common trunk the
vanarhinalisposterior.this begins at the anterior end of the periform lobe.
The deep cerebral veins:::they issue from the central ganglionic parts of the brain at
the transverse fissure. They unites o or the internal; cerebral veins which backward in
the roof of the 3rdventrical& unite to form the great cerebral vein..
The dorsal cerebeller vein:::they are on the upper surface of the cerebelum.
The ventral cerebellum veins:::they are larger & go chiefly to the basiler plexus.
The meningeal veins:::itarrises from the capillary & deep faces of the dura matter…
The diploic vein:::they are present at the spongy substance of the cranial bone..
Vertebral & spinal veins:::two venous trunks the longitudinal sinuses extends along te
floor of the vertebral canal on either side of the dorsal longitudinal ligament.. these are
continuous in front with the basal plexus..they lie in the grooves of the body of the
vertebrae & are connected by the series of vertebrae & the longitudinal ligament in the
bone.

23. Brachial vein:
Is the satellite of the extra thoracic of the brachial artery .
It arises from the medial side of the distal end of the shaft of the humerus and
ascends
In the arm behind the artery under cover of layer of fascial and the posterior
superficial pectoral muscle.
Dorsal vein:
Often join the external thoracic or brachial pain.
External thoracic vein:
Is the large vessel which arise in the vental wall of abdomen passes forwad
along the lateral border of the posterior deep pectoral muscel.
Cephalic muscel:
Arise from the middle side of the carpus as the continuation of the medial
metacarpal vein. large medial cobital vein which passes upward and backward over
the medial intersection of the biceps & the medial artery & vein or nurve and join the
brachial vein.
Accessory cephalic vein:
Which arises from the network of carpel runs upward on the deep fascia along
it.
Common interosseous vein:
Join the posterior satellite.
Interior radial vein:

24. It is the satellite of the artery.
Ulnar vein:
It is usually double at its proximal end and communicates with the deep
brachial vein.
Three chief metacarpal vein
Medial metacarpal vein:
Also called comman digital vein.arises from the volar venous arch above the
fetlock.
Lateral metacarpal:
Arises from the venous arch above the fetlock and passes upward behind the
lateral border of the suspensory ligament in front of the lateral volar nerve and
accompanied by a small artery.
Deep Metacarpal vein:
Arises from the venous arch passes farward between the two branches of the
suspensory ligament and ascends on tne posterior surface of the large metacarpal
bone.
Digital vein:
Arises at the proximaledge of the cartilage of the third phalanx and ascend in
front of the corresponding arteries.
POSTERIOR VENA CAVA
PHRENIC VEIN:
Two or three return the blood from the diaphragm.
Lumber vein:
Corresponds to the arteries .five pairs usually empty into the posterior
venacava.

25. Internal spermartic vein:
Accompany the arteries of like name .In the spermatic cord they form a very
rich network the paminiform plexus.
Utero ovarian vein:
Much larger and are satellite of the arteries in the blood ligament.
RENAL VEIN:
SATELLITE OF ARTERIES AND OF LARGE CALIBAR AND THIN WALLED.
ADRENAL VEIN:
Open directly into the venacava.
HEPATIC VEIN:
Return the blood from the liver and open into the venacava as it lies in the
groove in the liver.
PHRENIC AND LUNBER VEIN ALSO NAME AS PARIETAL RADICLES AND
VISCERAL RADICLES.
PORTAL VEIN
ANTERIOR MESENTERIC VEIN:
It is the largest of the portal radicles. It is situatied to the right of the artery.
POSTERIOR MESENTRIC VEIN:
IT IS THE SMALLEST OF THE PORTAL RADICLES. IT ACCOMPANIES THE
ARTERY IN THE COLIC MESENTRY AND ITS RECTRAL BRANCHES .ANASTMOSE
WITH THOSE OF THE INTERNAL PUDIC VEIN.
SPLENIC VEIN:
It is the very large satellite of the splenic artery.it is formed by the union of the
two radicles at the base of the spleen.
POSTERIOR GASTRIC VEIN:

26. It join with spleenic .
COLLECTION TRIBUTARIES OF THE PORTAL VEIN
PANCEREATIC VEIN:(rami pancreatic)
GASTRO DUODENAL VEIN:
WHEN PRESENT CORRESPONDS MANILY TO THE extrahepatic branches of
the hepatic artery but in most cases it does not exist and the right gastroepipolic vein
and duodenal vein open directly into the portal vein.
ANTERIOR GASTRIC VEIN:
JOINS THE PORTAL VEIN AT THE PORTAL FISSURE.
COMMON ILIAC VEIN
LUMBER VEIN
CIRCUMFLEX ILIAC VEINS:are the two satellite of the corresponding artery
.open into the posterior vena cava or into the external iliac vein.
ILIO LUMBER VEIN:
MAY OPEN into the common iliac the external iliac or the internal iliac vein.