Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja Inglés Developmental Psychology and Learning I Bimestre Abril - Agosto 2007 Ponente: Dra. María Arias

1. ESCUELA : PONENTE : BIMESTRE : DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY AND LEARNING CICLO : INGLÉS I BIMESTRE Dra. María Arias ABRIL – AGOSTO 2007

2. Scientific study of the human mind What is Psychology?

3. What is Developmental Psychology? Developmental psychology is a field within psychology that is concerned with describing and understanding how individuals grow and change over their lifetimes. Development is a life-span phenomenon that begins with conception and continues all throughout life.

8. What are three principles of development? Theorists generally agree that people develop at different rates, that development is an orderly process, and that development takes place gradually.

12. Jean Piaget Lev Vygotsky Stages First year and a half Sensorimotor: experience and do not connect it to things outside 18-24 months to 7 years Preoperational.- Children can think about things in symbolic terms 7 – 12 years Concrete Operational.- Children gain new competence in thinking and are aware of events outside of their lives From 12 years old and up Formal Operational.- People are able to think about abstract relationships Principles 1. Cognitive development is limited to a certain range at any given age. 2. Full cognitive development requires social interaction.

13. Lev Vygotsky Social interaction plays a fundamental role in the development of cognition Elaborated the Sociocultural theory of development.

14. Printing presses, rules, abacus Numbers and mathematical systems, braille, sign language, maps, computers, the Internet, etc. solve problems and create knowledge Cultural tools Real tools Symbolic tools PDAs Cognitive Development Allow people in a society to communicate, think, etc.

18. The role of learning and development Vygotsky Vygotsky`s and Piaget`s view Piaget defined development as the active construction of knowledge and learning as the passive formation of associations “ Learning as a tool in development ”

19. WORDS DEVELOPMENT OF LANGUAGE SEQUENCES MEANINGS SOUNDS VOLUME, VOICE TONE

23. Children and Youth at risk Physical abuse Physical neglect Abandonment Unattended medical needs Sexual abuse

24. Physical Growth and Development GENETICS IS BASED ON THE STUDY OF HEREDITY THE ABCS OF GENETICS HEREDITY, THE BIOLOGICAL TRANSMITTAL OF CHARACTERISTICS FROM PARENT TO OFFSPRING

25. The Fundamental unit of genetics is the gene

26. Genes tiny particles that carry the hereditary characteristics

27. Genes DNA and RNA

28. DNA:deoxyribonucleic acid RNA ribonucleic acid DNA and RNA are located in the chromosomes The standard picture of a chromosome

29. Figure: spectralkaryotype analysis of chromosomes

30. Human Chromosomes (with an extra copy of Chromosome 21, which causes Down syndrome)

32. THE FETUS Age 10 weeks Fingernails develop Age 16 weeks: Growth reaches 8 to 10 inches in lenght LIFE BEFORE BIRTH Age 24 weks: can smile, frown,and grimace Age 28 weeks: brain`s neural circuits are at the same maturational level as the newborn`s

33. The Nervous System Newborn babies spend most of their days asleep, avering about 16 hours a day It is complete at birth

34. SLEEP by age one 10 hours a day

35. MOTOR DEVELOPMENT ONE OF THE MOST DRAMATIC FEATURES IN THE INFANCY

36. SENSORY DEVELOPMENT Babies can discriminate between sweet and sour tastes among certain sounds

38. MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES Linguistic Musical MENTAL ABILITIES Logical-mathematical Spatial

39. MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES MENTAL ABILITIES Interpersonal Intrapersonal Naturalist Bodily-kinestetic