3. 01
WHAT IS ISRO?
The Indian Space Research Organization ISRO is the national space
agency of India, headquartered in Bengaluru. It operates under the
Department of Space (DOS) which is directly overseen by the Prime
Minister of India, while Chairman of ISRO acts as executive of DOS as
well. ISRO is the primary agency in India to perform tasks related to
space based applications, space exploration and development of
related technologies. It is one of six government space agencies in
the world which possess full launch capabilities, deploy cryogenic
engines, launch extraterrestrial missions and operate large fleets of
artificial satellites. ISRO Annual budget is ₹13,700 crore. The Indian
4. 02
Dr. Sarabhai is considered as the Father of the Indian space program;
He was a great institution builder and established or helped to
establish a large number of institutions in diverse fields. He was
instrumental in establishing the Physical Research Laboratory (PRL) in
Ahmedabad : after returning from Cambridge to an independent
India in 1947, he persuaded charitable trusts controlled by his family
and friends to endow a research institution near home in
Ahmedabad. Thus, Vikram Sarabhai founded the Physical Research
Laboratory (PRL) in Ahmedabad on November 11, 1947. He was only
28 at that time. Sarabhai was a creator and cultivator of institutions
and PRL was the first step in that direction. Vikram Sarabhai served
of PRL from 1966-1971. Vikram Ambalal Sarabhai was an Indian
physicist and astronomer who initiated space research and helped
FOUNDER OF ISRO?
5. 03
MISSILES OF ISRO?
ISRO built India’s first satellite , ARYABHATTA which was launched by
the Soviet Union on 19 April 1975. It was named after the Indian
astronomer Aryabhata . In 1980 , Rohini became the first to be
placed in orbit by an Indian made launch vehicle , SLV-3.ISRO
subsequently developed two other rockets : The Polar Satellite
Launch Vehicle{PSLV} for launching satellites into polar orbits and
The Geosynchronous satellite launch vehicle{GSLV} for placing
satellites into geocentric orbits. Satellite navigation systems like
GAGAN and IRNSS have been deployed . ISRO sent a lunar orbiter ,
CHANDRAYAN-1 on 22 October 2008 and a mars orbiter , MARS
ORBITER MISSION on 5 November 2013 which entered Mars orbit on
24 September 2014 , making India the first nation to succeed on its
7. 04
USES OF SATELLITES?
The data from these satellites are used for several applications covering agriculture, water
resources, urban planning, rural development, mineral prospecting, environment, forestry,
ocean resources and disaster management
Some applications of IRNSS are:
Terrestrial, Aerial and Marine Navigation, Disaster Management.
Vehicle tracking and fleet management.
Integration with mobile phones.
Precise Timing.
Mapping and Geodetic data capture.
Terrestrial navigation aid for hikers and travellers.
Visual and voice navigation for drivers.
Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS)
8. 05
FACTS ABOUT ISRO?
FACT#1. ISRO’s Full From is “Indian Space Research Organization“.
Its headquarters are in Bangalore, it is controlled by the Department
of Space which sends a report directly to the Prime Minister of India.
ISRO has a total of 13 centers in India.
FACT#2 ISRO was founded by Dr. Vikram Sarabhai did independence
day in 1969. He is also considered the father of the Indian space
program.
FACT#3. India, including the US, Russia, France, Japan China, are
among the six countries in the world that have the ability to make
satellites and launch satellites on their land.
FACT#4. Apart from launching 86 satellites for India, ISRO has so far
9. FACT#6:- ISRO’s last 40-year spending is equal to NASA’s six months
expenditure. and the hand NASA’s internet speed is 91GBps and ISRO’s internet
speed is 2GBps.
FACT#7:-Pakistan also has a space agency named SUPARCO. It was formed in
1961 while ISRO in 1969. ISRO has launched 86 satellites for itself but SUPARCO
has launched only 2 with the help of foreign countries.
FACT#8:- At the time of the launch of India’s first rocket, Indian scientists used
to board buses from Thiruvananthapuram every day and eat lunch from the
railway station. Parts of the first rocket were carried on bicycles.
FACT#9:- Aryabhata was the first satellite of ISRO which was launched on 19
April 1975 with the help of Russia.
FACT#10:- In 1981 the APPLE Satellite was moved to bullock cart due to lack of
resources
10. FACT#11:- The SLV-3 was the first indigenous satellite launched by India and the
director of this project was Dr. A. P.J. Abdul Kalam.
FACT#12:- The ANTRIX, it is ISRO’s commercial division that takes our space
technology to other countries. ANTRIX’s board of directors is two of the country’s
biggest industrialists, Ratan Tata and Jamshed Godrej.
FACT#13:- It is said that ISRO is an organization in which most bachelor’s work.
ISRO is the most single scientist than any other organization. He never married
and devoted his entire life to the organization.
FACT#14:- In 2008-09, ISRO launched Chandrayaan-1, whose budget was Rs 350
crores while It was 8-9 times less than NASA. It was on this that water was
discovered.
FACT#15:- India (ISRO) is the only country to reach Mars in its first attempt. The
United States of America was unsuccessful 5 times, and China and Russia were
unsuccessful in their first attempt.
11. FACT#16:- ISRO’s Mars mission is the cheapest at just Rs 450 crores. and cost
Rs 12 per km, which is equivalent to the fare of an auto. Our Mars mission is
cheaper than in many Hollywood films.
FACT#17:- ISRO has created Bhuvan Satellite. It is like the native version of
Google Earth and a web-based 3D satellite imagery tool.
FACT#18:- ISRO successfully launched its navigational satellites which were
called the IRNSS GPS Satellite, when many countries depend upon the US GPS
for navigational purposes.
FACT#19:-Satellite data can also be purchased from ISRO. You can take this
opportunity if you need HD pictures etc.
FACT#20:-Do you think that ISRO is a small organization? But for your
information, let us tell you that ISRO earned 14 billion rupees in 2014.
