When we look at the human elements of spiritual growth across our lifespan, we observe phases of development mentally, educationally, morally. Many attempts have been made to identify the growth of values and their impact economically, environmentally, academically, nationally. We briefly review six of these. What is the work of the Holy Spirit in generating these values in individuals and cultures?

1. Anthropologicalor
Values–Based
Spirituality
If there was no Holy Spirit, what does
anthropological research on human
values tell us about ideal spirituality.
How then does the Holy Spirit work
to form our ideal humanity?

2. ClassicalVirtues
What are the 7 Godly Virtues?
What are the 7 Deadly sins?
How do Virtues and Values Differ?
2

3. 7GodlyVirtues
The Three Pauline Virtues
The Four Classical Greek Virtues
3
Faith
Hope
Love
Temperance
Understanding
Wisdom
Prudence
What basic
elements make up
a good person?
Each virtue can be
analyzed in terms
of feelings,
behaviors and
skills

4. Classical GreekVirtues
4

5. SevenCardinal
Sins
SevenVirtues
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(1) vainglory, or pride, (2)
greed, or covetousness, (3)
lust, or inordinate or illicit
sexual desire, (4) envy, (5)
gluttony, which is usually
understood to include
drunkenness, (6) wrath, or
anger, and (7) sloth.
Each of these can be
overcome with the seven
corresponding virtues of (1)
humility, (2) charity, (3)
chastity, (4) gratitude, (5)
temperance, (6) patience,
and (7) diligence.
Seven deadly sins, also called seven capital sins or
seven cardinal sins, in Roman Catholic theology, the
seven vices that spur other sins and further immoral
behaviour. First enumerated by Pope Gregory I (the
Great) in the 6th century and elaborated in the 13th
century by St. Thomas Aquinas,

6. 6

7. Expanding the List ofVirtues
Each culture defines its own ideal virtues
Each religion defines its own ideal virtues
But there are universal virtues: Love, Justice, Respect,
Truth…
The Goal of Virtues
• Aristotle: Happiness.
• Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679), Baruch Spinoza: Self-
preservation determines virtues.
• Immanuel Kant: internal knowledge of virtue is
connected to an obligation to external societal norms...
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8. Virtues andValues
Are they the same?
• Virtues and values are ideals expressed as priorities
• A Subset: Virtues are narrower in scope than Values.
They have specific ends in mind.
• Values are aspirational. Our reality may not reflect our
values.
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9. Catholic vs Evangelical
Foundations to Spirituality
Based on the idea of the Spirit as the Spirit of Wisdom and Understanding, who
brings discernment, Catholic Spirituality places heavy emphasis on academic
education as the foundation of spirituality and values are a significant theme
• With a historic antipathy to outbreaks of revival there has been a
historic avoidance of the “enthusiasms” of the Spirit in many Catholic
circles
• Education builds values imposed from the outside, external norms
imposed by society through education.
• (But there are also Catholic orders of the Holy Spirit who seek
various patterns of mysticism).
Evangelicalism
• Is founded on a multiplying web of revivals around the globe,
growing out of Franciscan, then Pietist revivals
• The presence of the Spirit is core to our understanding of spiritual
growth or Sanctification.
• Spirituality is thus an outworking of his overwhelming presence.
• That presence brings inner values change
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10. Psychological
andEducational
Theoriesof
Development
Most have significant basis in
analysis, some are purely theories
that became popular.
10

11. Kohlberg and Moral
Development
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• An educational theorist
• He built off Piaget’s educational theories.
• Values emerge through a developmental process
• Just as cognitive skills develop so does our ability to
choose right from wrong.

12. Compari-
son of
Erikson’s
and
Kohlberg’s
Models
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13. Stages of Personal Spiritual (Mystical)
Development
1. Over 100 years what are the developmental stages of life?
2. What are the stages of spiritual growth?
3. How do these map onto each other? Do they?
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Urban Leadership Foundation/ Anthrologilical Spirituality 013

14. LIFE PHASES
ROADMAP
BIRTH Q1
Transition 1
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Q2
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Q3
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Q4
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YOUTH
Q1
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Q2
MILESTONETITLE
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Q3
MILESTONETITLE
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Q4
MILESTONETITLE
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EARLY
ADULT
HOOD
Q1
MILESTONETITLE
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Q2
MILESTONETITLE
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Q3
MILESTONETITLE
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Q4
MILESTONETITLE
Milestone description
OLD
AGE
014

15. Maslow’s Hierarchy of
Needs
There is no research basis for one level
leading to the next.
Premise: Before a person can engage in
higher values such as justice they must
meet their basic needs such as food and
shelter.
Rokeach
Developed the idea ofValue systems
Terminal values are ends in themselves
Ten Economic Values
• .
• .
• .
15

16. TheTonna-Hall Inventory
An Anglican Priest-psychologist and a Catholic Monsignor
built on these theories to develop the Tonna-Hall inventory
of 132 value pairs.
• They then sought to arrange them according to phases of life
• They sought to analyse the turning points or paradigm shifts
between phases
• They applied them to group formation of collective values in
organizations or movements.
• They did a lot of research along the way, but the foundations of
these theories is shaky as they pulled from multiple sources, and
the complexity of trying to integrate them into a grand theory is
likely beyond human capacities.
• But it is of interest to reflect on these dynamics and discern ones
values.
• Then to consider how does the Holy Spirit form such values within
us and our people.
16

17. Tonna-Hall
Inventory and
Your Inner Urban
Journey
Six Perspectives From Psychology,
Education and Spiritual Growth
Theory as to the Various Phases of
Life.
Based on this Tonna and Hall
identified 132 universal value pairs
and how these develop at each of
these six stages
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18. 18

19. 19

20. 20
Next: How do our values
impact the Urban Context at
various life stages?

21. Not just inner moral
values
Not just social moral
values
How do these relate
to our urban context?
If the Kingdom is both the redemption of our humanness
and of our relationship to the land, what values are
distinctly earthy in our Christianity?
Do these exist in:
• Islam?
• Hinduism?
• Pentecostalism?
• Presbyterianism?
• Liberation Theology?
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Environmental Spirituality?

22. 22
Or How Does the Urban
Context Impact these Life
Stages and Values?
Our anthropological
spirituality is impacted by
our sociological realities

23. ??? Comparison of EconomicValues and SpiritualValues
Values are an ethereal idea, formed in philosophy,
education, psychology….
If the Kingdom is both the redemption of our Humanness
and of our relationship to the Land, what values are
distinctly earthy in our Christianity?
Spiritual Values Ten Economic Values
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24. Expansion ofValues
from individual to community to movement to nations
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20YY 20YY 20YY 20YY 20YY
Development ofValues overTime
• In early years master the scriptures (inner values,
spiritiual discpleship)
• In our young adult years, master economic
realities (ten economic principles, economic
discipleship)
• In middle years master the disciplines of a
movement (social values)
• In later years master the disciplines of
interconnectivity (discipling nations)
• In final years master philosophies (power
conflict)

25. ThankYou
Viv Grigg
+1 626-253-8411
viv@urbanleaders.org
www.urbanleaders.org