Screenplay - Next generation automated acceptance testing

@Wakaleo @JanMolak#SerenityBDD
Screenplay 
Next generation automated
acceptance testing
AUTHOR OF ‘BDD IN ACTION’
@wakaleo
www.johnfergusonsmart.com

Sustainable test automation
to deliver features that matter

Learn
Measure
Build

Requirements
Discovery
Automation and
Feedback
Software
Craftsmanship
Learn Build
Measure

source:
- 44% - “Out of Control - Why Control Systems Go Wrong and How to Prevent Failure”
- 56% - “An Information Systems Manifesto”
- 80% - “Requirements: A quick and inexpensive way to improve testing”
44-80%of all defects are caused by unclear,
ambiguous or incorrect requirements

Behaviour-Driven Development

Domain-Driven Design

Domain-Driven Design
User-Centred Design

Building the
application
Testing the
application
When we are…
We model…
The domain
How the user interacts
with the application
Account
Purchase
Product
Open an account
Look for a
product
Completes a
purchase
NOUNS VERBS
The key
concepts
are…

@Wakaleo @JanMolak#SerenityBDD #Devoxx
HOW
Enter the value ‘Get a
coﬀee’ 
 
Click on TAB
WHAT
Record a todo item
WHY
Keep a list of things I need
to do

Actors
Goals
Tasks
Interactions
System
have
involve
require
with the

Focus on
outstanding
items
Actor Goals Tasks Interactions
Press “Enter”
Type “Walk the dog”
Record things
I need to do
Mark as complete
Record an item
Filter the list

Feature: Filter the list to find items of interest 
 
In order to focus on outstanding items 
James would like to filter his todo list  
to only show items of interest
Scenario: Viewing Active items only 
 
Given James has a list with Walk the dog, Get a coffee 
And he completes Walk the dog 
When he filters his list to show only Active tasks 
Then his todo list should contain Get a coffee

 
In order to focus on outstanding items
James would like to filter his todo list
Scenario: Viewing Active items only
Given James has a list with Walk the dog, Get a coffee
Actor

In order to focus on outstanding items
James would like to filter his todo list  
Scenario: Viewing Active items only
 
Given James has a list with Walk the dog, Get a coffee 
Actor
Goals

Actor
Goals
Tasks

And he completes Walk the dog
Actor
Goals
Tasks

When he filters his list to show only Active tasks
Actor
Goals
Tasks

Start with a list containing: Walk the dog, Get a coffee
Actor
Goals
Tasks

Actor
Goals
Tasks

Complete a todo item called: Walk the dog
Actor
Goals
Tasks

Actor
Goals
Tasks

Filter list to show only Active tasks
Actor
Goals
Tasks

Filter list to show only Active tasks
Expect to see: Get a coffee
Actor
Goals
Tasks

Open browser on ‘todomvc.com/examples/angularjs/'
Resize browser window to maximum
Add a todo item called ‘Walk the dog’
Add a todo item called ‘Get a coffee’
...
Actor
Goals
Tasks

To view Active items only, James attempts to: 
Open browser on ‘todomvc.com/examples/angularjs/'
Resize browser window to maximum
Add a todo item called ‘Walk the dog’
Add a todo item called ‘Get a coffee’
Enter the value ‘Get a coffee’
Hit the Enter key
...
Actor
Goals
Tasks
Interactions

Software
Craftsmanship
Automation and
Feedback
Requirements
Discovery
Learn Build
Measure

40-70%maintenance overhead for poorly-written test suites

Serenity BDD
and the Screenplay Pattern

Complete the requirements circle
Serenity BDD and the Screenplay Pattern

User-centric

Reusable business DSL…in code

Designed to scale

Serenity BDD
and the Screenplay Pattern
in action

Focus on
outstanding
items
Actor Goals Tasks Interactions
Press “Enter”
Type “Walk the dog”
Mark as complete
Record an item
Filter the list
Record things
I need to do

Actor james = Actor.named(“James”); actor

@Managed WebDriver hisBrowser;
…
 
james.can(BrowseTheWeb.with(hisBrowser));
an actor
has
abilities

james.attemptsTo( 
AddATodoItem.called("Buy some milk") 
);
an actor
performs
tasks

@Given(“^.* has a todo list containing (.*)$") 
public void has_a_list_with(List<String> items) {
james.attemptsTo(
Start.withATodoListContaining(items)
); 
}
an actor
performs
tasks

public class Start implements Task { 
 
@Step("{0} starts with #items") 
public <T extends Actor> void performAs(T actor) { 
actor.attemptsTo(
Open.browserOn().the(applicationHomePage), 
AddTodoItems.called(items))
); 
}
// ...
}
tasks
can use
other
tasks

public class AddATodoItem implements Task { 
 
@Step("{0} adds a todo item called: #thingToDo") 
public void performAs(Actor theActor) { 
theActor.attemptsTo( 
Enter.theValue(thingToDo) 
.into(TodoList.WHAT_NEEDS_TO_BE_DONE) 
.thenHit(RETURN) 
); 
}
// ...  
}
tasks
use
inter-
actions

public class TodoList {
public static Target WHAT_NEEDS_TO_BE_DONE = Target.the("'What needs to be done?' field")
.locatedBy(“#new-todo");
public static Target ITEMS = Target.the("List of todo items")
.locatedBy(".view label");
public static Target ITEMS_LEFT = Target.the("Count of items left")
.locatedBy("#todo-count strong”);
public static Target FILTER = Target.the("filter")
.locatedBy("//*[@id='filters']//a[.='{0}']");
}
Page
Objects
are much
simpler

Automation and
Feedback
Requirements
Discovery
Software
Craftsmanship
Learn Build
Measure

Levels of communication
-
+

10,000 ft 
Release Readiness
-
+

1000 ft 
Capabilities and Features
-
+

100 ft 
Scenarios and Steps
-
+

Focus on
outstanding
items
Actor Goals Capabilities Features
Keeping the
list up to date
Mark as
complete
Record an
item
Remove an
item
Focus on
important
tasks
Scenarios
Complete a
todo item

Release
Readiness
-
+

-
+
Release
Readiness
Capabilities

-
+
Release
Readiness
Capabilities
Features

-
+
Release
Readiness
Capabilities
Features
Scenarios

‣ “Page Objects Refactored: SOLID Steps to the Screenplay/
Journey Pattern” - DZone  
Antony Marcano, Andy Palmer, Jan Molak, John Ferguson Smart  
bit.ly/screenplay-page-objects
‣ “Beyond Page Objects: Next Generation Test Automation
with Serenity and the Screenplay Pattern” - InfoQ 
John Ferguson Smart, Antony Marcano, Andy Palmer, Jan Molak
bit.ly/screenplay-introduction
Want to know more?

Want to know more?
Learn about Serenity: 
serenity-bdd.info
Learn more about BDD and Serenity, and how we can help: 
http://johnfergusonsmart.com
See the project in action: 
bit.ly/screenplay-jvm-demo

Questions?
AUTHOR OF ‘BDD IN ACTION’
@wakaleo
www.johnfergusonsmart.com

Screenplay - Next generation automated acceptance testing

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