Finding most environmentally friendly methods while remaining economical. Best combination using all methods. IPM – Integrated Pest Management
Resistant varieties Many varieties have been developed with resistance to various diseases and pests. Some are GMOs (Genetically Modified Organisms) – is this good or bad? GMOs are going to increase I.e. tomatoes listed in last lesson
Rotating location – disrupts life cycle of diseases and insects. Pick potato bugs, caterpillars, etc. Mechanical traps Sticky traps Pan of beer for slugs Diatomaceous earth Finely ground skeletons of fossil diatoms – irritates crawling insect’s outer body covering Clean up trash, leaves, places where insects and diseases breed and germinate. Weed barriers Fabric barrier, black plastic, old carpet
Disadvantages May require regular or continual attention.
Praying mantis – crawling or insects that light on plants.
Latest label is the LAW – responsible for everything on the label down to the proper dress. Violations may be costly and deadly – EXAMPLE. 8/29/00 A North Carolina chemical company will conduct tests on a rural Salem home today, to determine if it was contaminated by a dangerous pesticide. Fire-year-old Bridget Carlson died Saturday of apparent pesticide poisoning. Her sisters, Rachel and Renae, ages 11 and 8, are hospitalized in serious condition. Their parents, Don and Mary Carlson, were released Sunday from Avera McKennan Hospital in Sioux Falls. Officials believe the family was poisoned by Fumitoxin pellets that Don Carlson placed in the ground hear the home to control pests. The pesticide is used primarily to kill bugs in grain bins, but is also used to gas ground squirrels, pocket gophers and other pests. The pesticide is activated after it comes in contact with air. The manufacturer, Pesticon Systems, will test the home today and should have results this afternoon, McCook County Civil Defense Director Brad Stiefvater said. “We’re not ruling our anything until we get confirmation,” Stiefvater said. Fumitoxin is a restricted-use pesticide that can be purchased and used only by certified applicators, who have received training. Don Carlson was certified as a private pesticide applicator, according to Jim Wilson, extension pesticide educator at South Dakota State University. The state Cooperative Extension Service provides training for certification in pesticide and herbicide application. Normally, a private or commercial applicator places the pellets in a grain bin, then leaves before they become activated, said Dennis Lokken, a program specialist with the state Department of Agriculture. Officials suspect that gas from the activated Fumitoxin pellets seeped into the Carlson basement and was distributed throughout the home by an air conditioner. Once inhaled, the gas is absorbed in lung tissue and interferes with the distribution of oxygen. Pesticides have allowed us freedom from diseases, rot, weeds, pests. Designed to be safe if label is followed.
ALWAYS FOLLOW THE LABEL. Exposures are cumulative. If visiting the doctor take the label. DEMONSTRATE SAFETY EQUIPMENT
Your body does not absorb pesticides at the same rate. It depends on which part of you body is exposed. If your forearm has an absorption rate of 1 that means that you head region will absorb the pesticide about 4 times more rapidly than your forearm. Your groin area will absorb the pesticide about 12 times more rapidly. That is why you must take extra precautions to protect these areas.
HANDOUTS: Example labels. Brand name – WHICH TWO LABELS DO YOU HAVE? Tordon 22K, 2,4-D Amine 4 Active ingredients – WHAT ACTIVE INGREDIENT IS IN TORDON? picloram: 4-amino-e,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid, potassium salt Type Unclassified – general use, can be purchased by anyone. Restricted use – must be certified to purchase and apply WHICH OF THESE TWO LABELS IS RESTRICTED? Tordon Private applicator – can apply on own private property or someone else’s for no charge. Commercial applicator – required for application for hire or on public property.
WHICH LEVEL IS 2,4-D? Danger WHICH LEVEL IS TORDON? Caution
WHAT EQUIPMENT IS REQUIRED WHEN APPLYING 2,4-D? Coveralls over short-sleeved shirt & short pants, waterproof gloves; chemical-resistant footwear plus socks; protective eyewear; chemical-resistant headgear for overhead exposure; chemical-resistant apron when cleaning equipment, mixing or loading.
NAME A PERRENIAL WEED THAT 2,4-D CAN BE USED ON? See p. 2 of lable. WHAT RATE OF TORDON IS REQUIRED FOR CONTROL OF BURSAGE? ½ pt/A