802.11-2012 Update

802.11-2012 Update

Jim MacLeod Show us your tweets!
Product Manager Use today’s webinar hashtag:
WildPackets
jmacleod@wildpackets.com #wp_wireless2012
Follow me @shewfig with any questions, comments, or feedback.
Follow us @wildpackets

© WildPackets, Inc. www.wildpackets.com

Administrivia
• All callers are on mute
‒ If you have problems, please let us know via the Chat window
• There will be Q&A at the end
‒ Feel free to type a question at any time
• Slides and recording will be available:
‒ Via a follow-up email

#wp_wireless2012 © WildPackets, Inc. 2

Agenda
• A History of 802.11 Specifications
• Why 802.11-2012?
• 802.11-2012 In Detail
‒ Specification
‒ Description
‒ Use cases and market penetration
‒ Compatibility and analysis implications
• What’s Next?
• WildPackets Corporate Overview
• WildPackets Product Line Overview


A History of 802.11 Specifications

4

Ratified
• IEEE 802.11-1997: The original WLAN standard
• IEEE 802.11a: 54 Mbit/s, 5 GHz standard (1999)
• IEEE 802.11b: Enhancements to 802.11 to support 5.5 and 11 Mbit/s (1999)
• IEEE 802.11c: Bridge operation procedures; included in the IEEE 802.1D standard (2001)
• IEEE 802.11d: International (country-to-country) roaming extensions (2001)
• IEEE 802.11e: Enhancements: QoS, including packet bursting (2005)
• IEEE 802.11g: 54 Mbit/s, 2.4 GHz standard (backwards compatible with b) (2003)
• IEEE 802.11h: Spectrum Managed 802.11a (5 GHz) for European compatibility (2004)
• IEEE 802.11i: Enhanced security (2004)
• IEEE 802.11j: Extensions for Japan (2004)
• IEEE 802.11-2007: A new release of the standard that includes amendments a, b, d, e, g, h, i & j. (July 2007)
• IEEE 802.11k: Radio resource measurement enhancements (2008)
• IEEE 802.11n: Higher throughput improvements using MIMO (multiple input, multiple output antennas) (September 2009)
• IEEE 802.11p: WAVE—Wireless Access for the Vehicular Environment (such as ambulances and passenger cars) (July 2010)
• IEEE 802.11r: Fast BSS transition (FT) (2008)
• IEEE 802.11s: Mesh Networking, Extended Service Set (ESS) (July 2011)
• IEEE 802.11u: Interworking with non-802 networks (for example, cellular) (February 2011)
• IEEE 802.11v: Wireless network management (February 2011)
• IEEE 802.11w: Protected Management Frames (September 2009)
• IEEE 802.11y: 3650–3700 MHz Operation in the U.S. (2008)
• IEEE 802.11z: Extensions to Direct Link Setup (DLS) (September 2010)
• IEEE 802.11-2012: A new release of the standard that includes amendments k, n, p, r, s, u, v, w, y and z (March 2012)
• IEEE 802.11aa: Robust streaming of Audio Video Transport Streams (June 2012)
• IEEE 802.11ad: Very High Throughput 60 GHz (Dec 2012)
• IEEE 802.11ae: QoS Management (Mar 2012)

#wp_wireless2012 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.11 © WildPackets, Inc. 5

In 802.11-2012
• IEEE 802.11-1997: The original WLAN standard
• IEEE 802.11a: 54 Mbit/s, 5 GHz standard (1999)
• IEEE 802.11b: Enhancements to 802.11 to support 5.5 and 11 Mbit/s (1999)
• IEEE 802.11c: Bridge operation procedures; included in the IEEE 802.1D standard (2001)
• IEEE 802.11d: International (country-to-country) roaming extensions (2001)
• IEEE 802.11e: Enhancements: QoS, including packet bursting (2005)
• IEEE 802.11g: 54 Mbit/s, 2.4 GHz standard (backwards compatible with b) (2003)
• IEEE 802.11h: Spectrum Managed 802.11a (5 GHz) for European compatibility (2004)
• IEEE 802.11i: Enhanced security (2004)
• IEEE 802.11j: Extensions for Japan (2004)
• IEEE 802.11-2007: A new release of the standard that includes amendments a, b, d, e, g, h, i & j. (July 2007)
• IEEE 802.11k: Radio resource measurement enhancements (2008)
• IEEE 802.11n: Higher throughput improvements using MIMO (multiple input, multiple output antennas) (September 2009)
• IEEE 802.11p: WAVE—Wireless Access for the Vehicular Environment (such as ambulances and passenger cars) (July 2010)
• IEEE 802.11r: Fast BSS transition (FT) (2008)
• IEEE 802.11s: Mesh Networking, Extended Service Set (ESS) (July 2011)
• IEEE 802.11u: Interworking with non-802 networks (for example, cellular) (February 2011)
• IEEE 802.11v: Wireless network management (February 2011)
• IEEE 802.11w: Protected Management Frames (September 2009)
• IEEE 802.11y: 3650–3700 MHz Operation in the U.S. (2008)
• IEEE 802.11z: Extensions to Direct Link Setup (DLS) (September 2010)
• IEEE 802.11-2012: A new release of the standard that includes amendments k, n, p, r, s, u, v, w, y and z (March 2012)
• IEEE 802.11aa: Robust streaming of Audio Video Transport Streams (June 2012)


Why 802.11-2012?

7

Why 802.11-2012
• 802.11 is an ever-evolving specification
‒ 25 ratified specs
‒ 8 in process
• A precedent for occasional “roll-ups”
‒ IEEE 802.11-2007: A new release of the standard that includes
amendments a, b, d, e, g, h, i & j. (July 2007)
• Everything in one place – especially for
developers/designers
• Identify and address areas of incompatibility and
overlap among already ratified specs


802.11-2012
802.11k - Radio Resource Measurement
Enhancements (2008)

9

802.11k - Radio Resource Measurement
Enhancements
• Description
‒ Makes additional radio and wireless network
information available to WLAN devices
‒ Mainly used by AP manufacturers
‒ Enables real-time decisions about WLAN
management, typically for better load
balancing
• Use cases and market penetration http://www.ecnmag.com/articles/2010/06/wi-fi-designing-
performance

‒ WLAN systems designed for stadiums, auditoriums, and large lecture halls
will benefit from this specification
‒ Use is growing rapidly in managed WLAN equipment
• Compatibility and analysis implications
‒ Provides mechanisms to offload users even if the new AP has weaker
signal strength
‒ Possible signal strength and connectivity issues for WLAN users


802.11-2012
802.11n: Higher Throughput
Improvements Using MIMO (September
2009)

11

802.11n: Higher Throughput Improvements
Using MIMO
• Description
‒ Significant enhancements in data rate and range
‒ Introduces MIMO, beam forming, aggregation,
channel bonding, short guard interval (IFG)
• Use cases and market penetration
‒ Becoming the de-facto standard for commercially
available WLAN equipment – both consumer and
enterprise
‒ High-density deployments; multimedia
applications; forklift upgrades http://linksys-
de.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/21194/~
/intermittent-wireless-signal-with-802.11n-routers-
• Compatibility and analysis implications and-access-points

‒ Backward compatible with a/b/g, but older technologies limit overall
improvements
‒ Not all network analysis software and hardware is up to the task
‒ Make WLAN analysis upgrades part of the overall 802.11n upgrade


802.11-2012
802.11p: WAVE—Wireless Access for the
Vehicular Environment (July 2010)

13

802.11p: WAVE—Wireless Access for the
Vehicular Environment
• Description
‒ Covers data exchange between high-speed
vehicles; and vehicles and a yet-to-exist
roadside WLAN infrastructure
‒ Based on licensed spectrum in the 5.85 –
5.925GHz band
‒ Limited penetration to date
‒ Implementation is complex and expensive
‒ Requires a clear business model if it’s ever to
http://www.technicafe.net/2013/01/ieee-80211p-
future-of-connected-cars.html#!/2013/01/ieee-
80211p-future-of-connected-cars.html
see the light of day
‒ Tightly coupled with 802.11r – Fast BSS Transition (Roaming)
‒ Beam forming from 802.11n also very useful
‒ Will require upgrades to analysis software and hardware to address new
frequency band and new protocol enhancements

802.11-2012
802.11r: Fast BSS Transition (2008)

15

802.11r: Fast BSS Transition

• Description
‒ Returns handoff process between APs to
the original 4-message exchange
‒ Addresses “bloat” from other amendments
that has negatively impacted handoff times
‒ Already in use
‒ Will become a basic part of just about every
802.11 device
‒ Very important for effectively delivering
http://uk.hardware.info/reviews/868/7/80211a-
through-z-the-latest-wireless-networking-
technology-80211r-wlan-on-the-move
RTP over wireless
‒ An example of how incompatibility needed to be explicitly addressed
‒ WLAN analysis solutions need to handle 11r today


802.11-2012
802.11s: Mesh Networking, Extended
Service Set (July 2011)

17

802.11s: Mesh Networking, Extended Service Set

• Description
‒ Specifies an architecture and protocol to create
self-configuring multi-hop wireless networks
‒ Typically high-performing, scalable, ad-hoc
networks, often with no wired network connection
‒ Public service/emergency management
applications requiring ad-hoc local networks with
little or no wired infrastructure
‒ Temporary field networks – inventory, for example http://blog.skydiamond.org/linux/wifi-80211s-per-
le-reti-ibride/

‒ Standardizes this technology, which has been mostly proprietary
‒ Makes it interoperable and more accessible to wider business applications
‒ Wireless analysis software will require updates for enhanced protocol


802.11-2012
802.11u: Interworking with Non-802
Networks (February 2011)

19

802.11u: Interworking with Non-802 Networks

• Description
‒ Enables 802.11 devices to transition to other
networks, typically cellular, if so equipped
‒ Also specifies technology that allows for the
seamless transition of Wi-Fi clients between
any public, carrier-sponsored hot spots
• Use cases and market penetration http://www.dailywireless.org/2012/03/20/carrier-
wifi-moves-ahead/
‒ Extremely hot topic in mobile computing
‒ Requires solutions to difficult practical problems, including discovery,
authentication, authorization, and compatibility, across multiple
technologies and multiple service providers
‒ Delivery of fully compatible products has been slower than anticipated –
data is well covered but not voice hand-off
‒ Basis for Wi-Fi Alliance Passpoint certification program (Hotspot 2.0)
‒ Many analysis implications for 802.11 to cellular handoff

802.11-2012
802.11v: Wireless Network Management
(February 2011)

21

802.11v: Wireless Network Management

• Description
‒ Provides a mechanism for wireless clients to share information about
the WLAN environment with each other and APs to improve WLAN
network performance in real time
‒ Relatively new, and manufacturers are just beginning to implement
‒ Significant benefits as WLANs become even more heavily utilized
‒ Minimal compatibility issues
‒ Network analyzers will need to add support with new decodes and new
views that leverage 11v data
‒ Users may notice behavioral differences on the network, but hopefully
for the better


802.11-2012
802.11w: Protected Management Frames
(September 2009)

23

802.11w: Protected Management Frames

• Description
‒ Specifies methods to increase the
security of 802.11 management frames
‒ Management frames are 802.11 packets http://wifidot11.blogspot.com/2011/07/is-80211w-
that control communication on the panacea-to-all-wireless-dos.html

WLAN, but do not contain data
‒ Without 11w, management frames are sent “in the clear”, making them
potentially vulnerable to malicious activity
‒ Attacks can range from client spoofing to hijacking of all data destined for
one or more APs
‒ Limited penetration to date – applicable to enterprise-class WLAN equipment
‒ Firmware changes required, at a minimum
‒ Significant impact on packet-level WLAN analysis


802.11-2012
802.11y: 3650–3700 MHz Operation in the
U.S. (2008)

25

802.11y: 3650–3700 MHz Operation in the U.S.
• Description
‒ Specifies a “light-licensing” scheme for U.S. users to take advantage of
spectrum in the 3650 – 3700 MHz band
‒ Increased power levels over those used in the 2.4 or 5GHz bands
leading to increased transmission range
‒ Long distance, point-to-point, backhaul communication using 802.11
‒ Examples include
• Fixed, but temporary, point-to-point mobile links (emergency response)
• Wireless interconnectivity between buildings in a campus setting
• Links between islands of 802.11 hot spots in a municipal environment
‒ Few implementations to date
‒ Different frequency band = different hardware
‒ Dedicated uses with little cross-over to existing bands
‒ New WLAN analysis hardware with updated software will be required

802.11-2012
802.11z: Extensions to Direct Link Setup
(September 2010)

27

802.11z: Extensions to Direct Link Setup
• Description
‒ Allows WLAN client devices to connect directly to
each other, bypassing the typical link through an
infrastructure AP
‒ Increases speed (between the clients)
‒ Increases network throughput (for all users)
‒ Increases in overall service delivery, especially for
multimedia (like a computer to DVR connection or http://marcinkindle.wordpress.com/2012/09/13/sp
ontaniczne-sieci-bezprzewodowe/
a laptop to projector connection)
‒ Gaining rapid acceptance and implementation
‒ Already being actively delivered as part of Wi-Fi Direct™ (WFA) with most
commercial devices being certified under this program
‒ Standardizes this behavior
‒ Network analysis software updates to detect, decode, and display this
enhanced protocol

What’s Next?

29

Recently Ratified and In Process
• IEEE 802.11aa: Robust streaming of Audio Video Transport Streams (Jun 2012)
• IEEE 802.11ac: Very High Throughput <6 GHz (Dec 2013)
• IEEE 802.11af: TV Whitespace (Dec 2013)
• IEEE 802.11ah: Sub 1 GHz (Mar 2015)
• IEEE 802.11ai: Fast Initial Link Setup (Mar 2014)
• IEEE 802.11mc: Maintenance of the standard (March 2015)
• IEEE 802.11aj: China Millimeter Wave (October 2016)
• IEEE 802.11aq: Pre-association Discovery (May 2015)
• IEEE 802.11ak: General Link


802.11ac Highlights
• 802.11n “lessons learned”
• Wider channel bandwidths; More MIMO
• Multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO)
• Low level MAC and RF improvements


802.11ac – “The Multimedia Home”


802.11ad/WiGig Highlights
• WiGig IEEE 802.11ad draft standard
• Designed to use the unlicensed 60GHz spectrum
• New PHY and lower MAC for 60GHz – 7Gbps
• Direct support for HDMI, DisplayPort, USB and PCIe
• Seamless integration with a/b/g/n/ac
• Designed for direct device communication

#wp_wireless2012 http://wirelessgigabitalliance.org/whitepaper © WildPackets, Inc. 34

802.11ad – “The Wireless Office”

#wp_wireless2012 http://wirelessgigabitalliance.org/whitepaper © WildPackets, Inc. 35

Q&A

Show us your tweets!
Use today’s webinar hashtag: Follow us on SlideShare!
Check out today’s slides on SlideShare
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with any questions, comments, or feedback.
Follow us @wildpackets


WildPackets Corporate Overview

Optimizing Network and Application Performance


Corporate Background
• Experts in network monitoring, analysis, and troubleshooting
‒ Founded: 1990 / Headquarters: Walnut Creek, CA
‒ Offices throughout the US, EMEA, and APAC

• Customers spanning leading edge organizations
‒ Mid-market and enterprise lines of business
‒ Financial, manufacturing, ISPs, major federal agencies,
state and local governments, universities
‒ Over 7,000 customers / 60+ countries / 80% of Fortune 1,000

• Award-winning solutions that improve network performance
‒ Internet Telephony, Network Magazine, Network Computing awards
‒ United States Patent 5,787,253 issued July 28, 1998
• “Apparatus and Method of Analyzing Internet Activity”

#wp_wireless2012 © WildPackets, Inc.

Why Our Customers Need Us

• VoIP, video, cloud, virtualization, and key business
applications are saturating critical network services

• Evolving network technologies create discontinuities
‒ 1 Gig  10 Gig  40 Gig  100 Gig networks
‒ Wireless, BYOD initiatives

• Users and business can not tolerate network
problems for mission critical services

Increasing demand for better real-time network visibility,
network analytics, network forensics, and DPI


How We Create Value
We provide innovative, industry-leading, real-time
network performance management solutions
‒ Easy-to-use, easy-to-learn user interface
‒ Uniquely extensible solutions
‒ Wireless network leadership
‒ Detailed analytics related to network applications
‒ Fastest network traffic capture appliance in its class
‒ Technical superiority at competitive price point

WildPackets has continually advanced its solution to meet the needs of its
customers


Unprecedented Network Visibility

NETWORK HEALTH
GLOBAL WatchPoint can manage and report on key
device performance and availability across
the entire network, from anywhere on the network.

UNDERSTAND END-USER PERFORMANCE
TimeLine and Omnipliance network recorders monitor
DISTRIBUTED and analyze performance across critical network
segments, virtual environments, and remote sites.

PINPOINT NETWORK ISSUES ANYWHERE
Omnipliance Portable can rapidly identify and troubleshoot
PORTABLE issues before they become major problems—wired or
wireless—down the hall or across the globe.

ROOT-CAUSE ANALYSIS
OmniPeek network analyzer performs deep packet inspection
DPI and can reconstruct all network activity, including e-mail and
IM, as well as analyze VoIP and video traffic quality.


A History of Innovation

2001 2005 2009 2011
• First 802.11 Combined distributed Innovative dashboard • Total visibility with
wireless analyzer network and VoIP with drill-down for VoIP zero packet loss
• First network network analysis and video • First wireless
analyzer with network analyzer to
automated expert support capture and
analysis analysis of 802.11n
3-stream wireless

2003 2008 2010 2012
Distributed real-time Enterprise-wide First to achieve 11 Gbps • Capture, record, and
troubleshooting Monitoring and Reporting sustained capture-to-disk analyze from 40G
network segments
• First wireless network
analyzer to support
801.11ac, k, r, u, v, w


Product Line Overview


Omni Distributed Analysis Platform
OmniPeek
Enterprise Packet Capture, Decode and Analysis
• Ethernet,1/10 Gigabit, 802.11, and voice and video over IP
• Portable capture and OmniEngine console
• Aggregate analysis data across multiple capture points

Omnipliance / TimeLine
Distributed Enterprise Network Forensics
• High-performance packet capture and real-time analysis
• Stream-to-disk for forensics analysis
• Integrated OmniAdapter network analysis cards up to 40G

WatchPoint
Centralized Enterprise Network Monitoring Appliance
• Aggregation and graphical display of network data
• WildPackets OmniEngines
• NetFlow and sFlow


Omni Distributed Analysis Platform
Software and Turnkey Solutions
• Enterprise monitoring and reporting
‒ WatchPoint Server
‒ OmniFlow, NetFlow, and sFlow Collectors
• Software probes and network recorders
‒ Omnipliance network recorders – Edge, Core
‒ TimeLine network recorders
‒ OmniAdapter analysis cards
• Distributed analysis software
‒ OmniPeek – Enterprise, Professional, Basic, Connect
‒ OmniEngine – Enterprise, Desktop, OmniVirtual
• Portable solutions
‒ OmniPeek network analyzer
‒ Omnipliance Portable

Key New Features in v7
• 40G network support
• Analyze issues from end to end:
Multi-Segment Analysis (MSA)
• Collect data from non-technical end users:
OmniPeek Remote Assistant (ORA)
• Single, interactive dashboard for
utilization, top talkers, top protocols,
latency, Experts, flows, and wireless
signal strength
• New wireless specifications
‒ 802.11ac 802.11k
‒ 802.11r 802.11u
‒ 802.11v 802.11w


OmniPeek Network Analyzer
• Distributed analysis manager
– Connect to and configure distributed OmniEngines, Omnipliances,
and TimeLines
• Comprehensive dashboards present network traffic in real-time
– Vital statistics and graphs display trends on network and application
performance
– Visual peer-map shows conversations and protocols
– Intuitive drill-down for root-cause analysis of performance bottlenecks
• Visual Expert diagnosis speeds problem resolution
– Packet and payload visualizers provide business-centric views
• Automated analytics and problem detection 24/7
– Easily create filters, triggers, scripting, advanced alarms, and alerts


Omnipliance Network Recorders
• Captures and analyzes all network traffic 24x7
– Runs WildPackets OmniEngine software probe
– Generates vital statistics on network and application performance
– Intuitive root-cause analysis of performance bottlenecks
• Expert analysis speeds problem resolution
– Fault analysis, statistical analysis, and independent notification
• Multiple issue digital forensics
– Real-time and post capture data mining for compliance and troubleshooting
• Intelligent data transport
– Network data analyzed locally
– Detailed analysis passed to OmniPeek on demand
– Summary statistics sent to WatchPoint for long term trending and reporting
– Efficient use of network bandwidth
• User-extensible platform
– Plug-in architecture and SDK


TimeLine Network Recorder
• Continuous network recording and comprehensive
real-time statistical display — simultaneously
‒ 12Gbps sustained capture with zero packet loss
‒ Network statistics display in TimeLine visualization format
• Rapid, intuitive forensics search and retrieval
‒ Historical network traffic analysis and quick data rewinding
‒ Several pre-defined forensics search templates making
searches easy and fast
• A natural extension to the WildPackets product line
• Turnkey bundled solution
‒ Appliance + OmniEngine, OmniAdapter, OmniPeek Connect


WildPackets Network Recorders
Price/Performance Solutions for Every Application

Portable Edge Core TimeLine
Ruggedized Small Networks Datacenter Workhorse Enterprise, Highly-
Troubleshooting Remote Offices Easily Expandable Utilized Networks
Aluminum chassis / 17” LCD 1U rack mountable chassis 3U rack mountable chassis 3U rack mountable chassis
Dual 2.13 GHz Quad-Core Intel Quad-Core Intel Xeon X3460 Dual Intel Xeon Quad Core Dual Intel Xeon Quad Core
Xeon L5630 "Westmere" 2.80Ghz E5530 2.4GHz X5560 2.8GHz
24GB RAM 4GB RAM 6GB RAM 18GB RAM
2 PCI-E Slots 2 PCI-E Slots 4 PCI-E Slots 4 PCI-E Slots
2 Built-in Ethernet Ports 2 Built-in Ethernet Ports 2 Built-in Ethernet Ports 2 Built-in Ethernet Ports
6TB SATA storage capacity 1TB SATA storage capacity 8/16TB SATA 8/16/32/48TB SATA
storage capacity storage capacity
4.5Gbps CTD 1.1Gbps CTD 3Gbps CTD 12Gbps CTD


WatchPoint
Centralized Monitoring for Distributed Enterprise Networks

• High-level, aggregated
view of all network
segments
– Monitor per campus, per
region, per country
• Wide range of network
data
– NetFlow, sFlow, OmniFlow
• Web-based, customizable
network dashboards
• Flexible detailed reports
• Direct link to detailed,
packet-based analysis


Comprehensive Support and Services
Standard Support Premier Support
 Maintenance and upgrades  24 x 7 x 365
 Telephone and email contacts  Dedicated escalation manager
 Knowledgebase  2 customer contacts per site
 MyPeek Portal  Plug-in reconfiguration assistance

WildPackets Training Academy
 Public, web-based, and on-site classes
 Complete curriculum: technology and product focused
 Practical applications and labs covering network analysis,
wireless, VoIP monitoring and advanced troubleshooting

Consulting and Custom Development Services
 Deployment, configuration, and assessment engagement
 Systems integration and testing
 Application integration, driver, decode, interface development


WildPackets Key Differentiators
• Visual Expert intelligence with intuitive drill-down
– Let computer do the hard work, and return results, real-time
– Packet /payload visualization is faster than packet-per-packet diagnostics
– Experts and analytics can be memorized and automated
• Automated capture analytics
– Filters, triggers, scripting, and advanced alarming system combine to provide
automated network problem detection 24x7
• Multiple issue network forensics
– Can be tracked by one or more people simultaneously
– Real-time or post capture
• User-extensible platform
– Plug-in architecture and SDK
• Aggregated network views and reporting
– NetFlow, sFlow, and OmniFlow


24x7 Network Monitoring,
Analysis, and Troubleshooting


Thank You!

WildPackets, Inc.
1340 Treat Boulevard, Suite 500
Walnut Creek, CA 94597
(925) 937-3200


802.11-2012 Update

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