Airfreight Market and Airport Benchmarking in Europe

Airfreight and Airport Regions 27 November 2002

Index ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

In Europe, airfreight is long-haul based... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: Merge Global and ALG processing Tones per day ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],30.079 44.151 64.297 Express

… due to intra-Europe airfreight has viable substitutes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2 DAY TRUCK 1 DAY TRUCK Scope from Europe’s centre ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

But also, 99.7 percent of the whole intra-European frequencies are made via regional and single-aisle aircrafts… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: OAG, July 2002 Breakdown of Western European frequencies by aircraft type … and that makes difficult intra – European airfreight transportation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Cargo tonnage in Europe is basically belly hold ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: Boeing, GMC Airbus and ALG processing Breakdown of Cargo tonnage by type of operation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Five airports concentrate 50 percent of the European airfreight market… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: ACI Traffic Data and ALG processing DEMAND SUPPLY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Airport Concentration in Europe 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% % of airports 5 airports concentrate 5 0 % of cargo volumes 5 airports concentrate 25% of pax volumes Traffic (%) Freight traffic Passenger traffic

… due to the European long – haul belly hold network is concentrated on major European Hubs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: ACI Traffic Data, OAG and ALG processing Correlation cargo tonnage and long - haul frequencies High concentration of long haul belly based frequencies induces high concentration on cargo tonnage 0 200.000 400.000 600.000 800.000 1.000.000 1.200.000 1.400.000 1.600.000 1.800.000 0 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 12.000 14.000 16.000 18.000 FRA LHR CDG AMS BRU ZRH MAD CPH MXP FCO MUC MAN BCN GOT LYS,GVA CGN LUX LGG ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Cargo tonnage Annual long - haul frequencies

But also there are airports oriented to the cargo business… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Correlation cargo tonnage and Freight/UTA rate Source: ACI Traffic Data, ALG processing UTA is a standard measure homogenizing passengers with airfreight tonnage. The way to homogenize is 1 pax = 100 Kg ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],0 200.000 400.000 600.000 800.000 1.000.000 1.200.000 1.400.000 1.600.000 1.800.000 0 20 40 60 80 100 % freight/UTAs Cargo tonnage FRA LHR CDG AMS LGG HHN BRU CGN EMA BGY PIK LIL CPH ZRH BSL LPL Cargo oriented airports Freight plays an important role on the airport’s business model

… which process higher cargo tones than the European average ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Correlation cargo tonnage and long - haul frequencies Source: ACI Traffic Data, OAG and ALG processing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Hubs of major Express and Cargo Operators 0 200.000 400.000 600.000 800.000 1.000.000 1.200.000 1.400.000 1.600.000 1.800.000 0 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 12.000 14.000 16.000 18.000 FRA LHR CDG AMS BRU ZRH MAD CPH MXP FCO MUC MAN BCN GOT LYS,GVA CGN LUX LGG Cargo tonnage Annual Long – Haul network

In addition, there are regional airports which have attracted for dedicated freighter frequencies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Freight to UTA ratio Source: ACI Traffic Data and ALG processing 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Liege Hahn EMA Milan Cologne Prestwick Frankfurt Amsterdam Brussels Paris Liverpool Copenhagen London Basel Zurich Standsted Milan Belfast Goteborg Porto Lisbon Viena Toulouse Gatwick Warsaw Madrid Hamburg Manchester Lyon Geneva Barcelona Share of freight (%)

However, some trends provide of some light to second – tier and regional airports ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The increasing importance of point to point frequencies have reduced marked share to the main routes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: BOEING % of ASKs on Top 10 routes by region ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1960 0 1990 2000 2010 2020 20 40 60 80 100 Europe-Asia Transpacific North Atlantic

The worldwide freighter fleet will double by 2019 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: Airbus GMC 2001 Number of freighters ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],x2

Congestion problems in major European Hubs may facilitate airfreight migration to second tier and regional airports ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Second Tier and Regional airports may benefit from both reduced slot availability and constraints on accessing the airport ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Environmental restrictions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Therefore… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],How public authorities may contribute to increase airfreight activity?

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Six airports with a different profile are subject to benchmark ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],0 200.000 400.000 600.000 800.000 1.000.000 1.200.000 1.400.000 0,0% 20,0% 40,0% 60,0% 80,0% 100,0% AMS BRU LGG GOT BCN LYS Cargo Tn Freight (%)

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],What the benchmark highlights… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],What the benchmark highlights (cont.)… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Airfreight business depends on both supply and demand oriented drivers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Enablers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Business Drivers Supply / Capacity Demand

However, the focus on airfreight development varies from an airport to another… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Frankfurt Heathrow Paris CDG Amsterdam Worldwide Airports >40.000 T International Airport <25.000 T/ >4.000 T Local Airport <1000 T pax Passenger <10% Activity Focus Scope Based on Pax Madrid London Gatwick Rome FCO Ostende East Midlands Milan BGY Hahn Maastricht Paris CDG Continental Airports <40.000 T/ >25.000 T Brussels Copenhagen Zurich Gothenburg Regional Airports <4.000 T/ >1000 T Liege Vitoria Basel Belfast Prestwick Shannon Cardiff Rotterdam Bordeaux Venice Porto Mixed 10% - 50% Freight >50% Courier Industrial Southampton Clermont Brno Valladolid T = Thousand Hamburg Marseille Dusseldorf Barcelona Lyon Vienna Manchester Lisbon Oslo Stockholm Freight to UTA ratio Lille Cologne Toulouse Toulouse Liverpool Milan MXP Frankfurt Heathrow Paris CDG Amsterdam Worldwide Airports >40.000 T International Airport <25.000 T/ >4.000 T Local Airport <1000 T pax Passenger <10% Activity Focus Scope Based on Pax Madrid London Gatwick Rome FCO Ostende East Midlands Milan BGY Hahn Maastricht Paris CDG Continental Airports <40.000 T/ >25.000 T Brussels Copenhagen Zurich Gothenburg Regional Airports <4.000 T/ >1000 T Liege Vitoria Basel Belfast Prestwick Shannon Cardiff Rotterdam Bordeaux Venice Porto Mixed 10% - 50% Freight >50% Courier Industrial Southampton Clermont Brno Valladolid T = Thousand Hamburg Marseille Dusseldorf Barcelona Lyon Vienna Manchester Lisbon Oslo Stockholm Freight to UTA ratio Lille Cologne Toulouse Toulouse Liverpool Milan MXP

… with high differences on cargo tonnage among them -72% -73% -92% 2001 Cargo tonnage Source: 2001 ACI Traffic Data International and Regional Airports Continental Airports Worldwide Airports ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Worldwide airports account for both demand and long haul capacity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: OAG, July 2002 ,[object Object],Breakdown of long – haul frequencies Breakdown dedicated freighter frequencies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],67 percent of cargo operations Adds to 75 percent of cargo operations LHR AMS FRA CDG Worldwide Airports

Worldwide airports may increase their airfreight business by developing logistics parks at and near the airport ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Congestion Environmental effects Development of logistics parks ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Worldwide Airports

Public authorities may contribute to airfreight development ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Infrastructure Environmental effects Development of logistics parks ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Worldwide Airports

International and regional airports account for a squeezed long haul network and catchment area depending on location ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],-91% -79% ,[object Object],[object Object],Long haul Frequencies by airport ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],International and Regional Airports Lisbon Barcelona Manchester Lyon Vienna Munich Hamburg Oslo Gothenburg Helsinki 67 percent of cargo operations Adds to 75 percent of cargo operations

International and regional airports do need to attract dedicated freighters to increase its airfreight business ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Marketing operations Cargo operations Demand oriented drivers Supply oriented drivers Freight infrastructures ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Environmental Restrictions / Congestion on Access Infrastructures ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],International and Regional Airports Europe Airport Europe Airport

Public authorities may encourage dedicated freighter traffic by smoothing cargo operations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Environmental restrictions Congestion Cargo operations International and Regional Airports However, the development of airfreight activity is not ensured Due to the high risk on

Continental airports are somewhere in the middle between worldwide airports and international airports ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Long haul Frequencies by airport ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],-62% -53% -46% Madrid London Rome Zurich Milan Copenhagen 67 percent of cargo operations Adds to 75 percent of cargo operations Continental Airports

Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Location Location Location Location ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],… and patience, patience and patience due to it is a long term issue

Airfreight Market and Airport Benchmarking in Europe

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