Composting is a natural process that recycles yard waste materials like leaves and grass clippings into a nutrient-rich soil amendment. It provides benefits such as reducing the need for fertilizers, improving soil health and fertility, and retaining moisture to reduce runoff. The process involves combining brown materials high in carbon, like dry leaves, with green materials high in nitrogen, like fresh grass clippings. Home composting can be done through hot or cool methods, using bins or no bins, and following basic steps of layering materials, maintaining moisture and aeration through turning. Common troubleshooting issues and their solutions are also outlined.