4. DPF’s Limit Lube Ash Ash Volatility Phosphorus Sulfur CJ-4 2007 API CI-4 2002 1.5-1.3% Range CDPF No After-Treatment 1.0% Range
5. Engine Durability Tests for CJ-4 Oil Demand Increased Performance Caterpillar C-13 Oil Consumption Blow-By and Piston Deposits Cummins ISB Slider Valve Train Wear and After-Treatment Mack T-12 Power Cylinder Wear and Oxidation Cummins ISM Power Cylinder, Valve Train Wear, Filter Life and Sludge Control